{"id":31275,"date":"2026-03-21T12:21:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T12:21:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/31275\/"},"modified":"2026-03-21T12:21:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T12:21:10","slug":"komentar-cesky-stavebni-zakon-by-sir-humphrey-musel-milovat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/31275\/","title":{"rendered":"Koment\u00e1\u0159: \u010cesk\u00fd stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon by Sir Humphrey musel milovat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ichni se shoduj\u00ed na jedn\u00e9 v\u011bci\u00a0\u2013 syst\u00e9m stavebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit. Jen s\u00a0jednou drobnou podm\u00ednkou. Aby se ta zm\u011bna, pokud mo\u017eno, nedotkla pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1s. V\u00a0teorii se tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 NIMBY efekt\u00a0\u2013 \u201eNot In My BackYard\u201c. Ve stavebn\u00ed legislativ\u011b bychom ho mohli nazvat institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed NIMBY.<\/p>\n

Reformu ano. Jen ne tu na\u0161i<\/p>\n

Debaty o\u00a0stavebn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u011b maj\u00ed \u010dasto a\u017e p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh. V\u0161ichni souhlas\u00ed, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba zjednodu\u0161it syst\u00e9m dot\u010den\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f. Jen ten n\u00e1\u0161 je p\u0159ece z\u00e1sadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u0161ichni souhlas\u00ed, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba omezit byrokracii. Jen agenda na\u0161eho resortu je p\u0159ece nenahraditeln\u00e1. V\u0161ichni cht\u011bj\u00ed rychlej\u0161\u00ed povolov\u00e1n\u00ed staveb. Jen ty kontroln\u00ed mechanismy, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me my, mus\u00ed z\u016fstat beze zm\u011bny. A\u00a0tak vznik\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00fd konsensus: v\u0161ichni cht\u011bj\u00ed reformu syst\u00e9mu\u00a0\u2013 ale nikdo nechce reformovat svou vlastn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

V seri\u00e1lu Jist\u011b, pane minist\u0159e by na to Sir Humphrey pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u0159ekl n\u011bco ve smyslu: \u201ePane minist\u0159e, reforma je nepochybn\u011b pot\u0159ebn\u00e1. Jen je t\u0159eba db\u00e1t na to, aby se nedotkla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00a0instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji budou realizovat.\u201c A\u00a0p\u0159esn\u011b tak tak\u00e9 vypad\u00e1 v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n

Jak se v\u00a0\u010cesku zjednodu\u0161uje<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd talent: zjednodu\u0161ovat syst\u00e9m t\u00edm, \u017ee do n\u011bj p\u0159id\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu. Kdy\u017e je raz\u00edtek p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho, slou\u010d\u00edme je do jednoho stanoviska. To se pak vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u011bkolika d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch stanovisek, kter\u00e1 je pot\u0159eba z\u00edskat p\u0159edem. Administrativn\u011b jsme tedy dos\u00e1hli pokroku: m\u00edsto deseti raz\u00edtek m\u00e1me jedno. Jen je za n\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1d t\u011bch deset.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u011b funguje i\u00a0na\u0161e schopnost vytv\u00e1\u0159et normy. Za t\u0159icet let jsme dok\u00e1zali zjednodu\u0161it syst\u00e9m t\u00edm, \u017ee jsme ho zdesetin\u00e1sobili. Sir Humphrey by byl nepochybn\u011b nad\u0161en.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd u\u017e nem\u00e1 kdo vykon\u00e1vat<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b jednu m\u00e9n\u011b viditelnou rovinu. Agenda stavebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je dnes natolik rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 a\u00a0slo\u017eit\u00e1, \u017ee ji v\u00a0praxi \u010dasto nem\u00e1 kdo vykon\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1t postupn\u011b vytvo\u0159il syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje tis\u00edce odborn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed, des\u00edtky specializovan\u00fdch stanovisek a\u00a0st\u00e1le rostouc\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed kontroln\u00edch procedur. Jen\u017ee po\u010det kvalifikovan\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed by tento syst\u00e9m m\u011bli spravovat, tomu neodpov\u00edd\u00e1. V\u00fdsledkem je paradox: syst\u00e9m je tak slo\u017eit\u00fd, \u017ee se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 zadrh\u00e1vat nejen investor\u016fm, ale i\u00a0samotn\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

St\u00e1t, kter\u00fd koordinaci delegoval na investora<\/p>\n

Stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b komplexn\u00ed normou. Dot\u00fdk\u00e1 se ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, dopravy, hygieny, pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, infrastruktury, energetiky i\u00a0samospr\u00e1v. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0t\u011bchto syst\u00e9m\u016f h\u00e1j\u00ed legitimn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fd z\u00e1jem.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m je v\u00a0tom, \u017ee jejich koordinace dnes v\u00a0praxi \u010dasto nele\u017e\u00ed na st\u00e1tu. Le\u017e\u00ed na stavebn\u00edkovi. Co\u017e mimochodem nen\u00ed v\u017edy soukromn\u00edk, ale velmi \u010dasto ve\u0159ejn\u00fd subjekt. Investor tak p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b projektu komunikuje s\u00a0des\u00edtkami instituc\u00ed, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 des\u00edtky stanovisek a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed se sladit proces, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n

Je to trochu podobn\u00e9, jako kdyby pacient v\u00a0nemocnici dostal seznam odd\u011blen\u00ed a\u00a0bylo mu \u0159e\u010deno, \u017ee si mus\u00ed s\u00e1m ob\u011bhat v\u0161echny l\u00e9ka\u0159e, sehnat v\u0161echna raz\u00edtka a\u00a0pak se vr\u00e1tit na recepci. A\u017e tam se rozhodne, zda m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ijat.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Kdy\u017e st\u00e1t ulev\u00ed s\u00e1m sob\u011b<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee kdy\u017e st\u00e1t postupn\u011b zjistil, jak t\u011b\u017ekop\u00e1dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m vytvo\u0159il, za\u010dal z\u00a0n\u011bj hledat \u00fanikov\u00e9 cesty\u00a0\u2013 alespo\u0148 pro sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed projekty. Vznikl tak nap\u0159\u00edklad zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed re\u017eim pro vybran\u00e9 dopravn\u00ed a\u00a0energetick\u00e9 stavby, zn\u00e1m\u00fd pod zkratkou DES\u00da. Ten umo\u017e\u0148uje st\u00e1tu n\u011bkter\u00e9 procesy zjednodu\u0161it a\u00a0zrychlit.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00fdmi slovy: st\u00e1t dosp\u011bl k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd s\u00e1m vytvo\u0159il, je tak komplikovan\u00fd, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba z\u00a0n\u011bj alespo\u0148 pro \u010d\u00e1st staveb vytvo\u0159it \u00fanikovou cestu. Pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 stavebn\u00edky v\u0161ak tato cesta v\u011bt\u0161inou neexistuje.<\/p>\n

Reformy, kter\u00e9 se postupn\u011b rozpust\u00ed<\/p>\n

Reforma stavebn\u00edho z\u00e1kona obvykle za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ambici\u00f3zn\u011b. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku stoj\u00ed snaha syst\u00e9m v\u00fdrazn\u011b zjednodu\u0161it. Postupn\u011b ale p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednky, v\u00fdjimky, dopln\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0nov\u00e9 kontroln\u00ed mechanismy. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0nich je obhajiteln\u00fd. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0nich m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 racion\u00e1ln\u00ed zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dohromady v\u0161ak maj\u00ed jeden spole\u010dn\u00fd efekt: rozpust\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed princip. Tak vznik\u00e1 legislativa, kter\u00e1 je kompromisem mezi v\u0161emi\u00a0\u2013 ale \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm pro nikoho.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 i\u00a0proto m\u00e1me dnes stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd byl novelizov\u00e1n v\u00edce ne\u017e dvacetkr\u00e1t, a\u00a0syst\u00e9m, ve kter\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edprava v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f trv\u00e1 \u010dasto deset i\u00a0v\u00edce let. Je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed v\u00a0tom, \u017ee by se legislativa nem\u011bnila. Mo\u017en\u00e1 se m\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto\u00a0\u2013 jen ne t\u00edm sm\u011brem, kter\u00fd by syst\u00e9m skute\u010dn\u011b zjednodu\u0161il.<\/p>\n

Jeden \u00fa\u0159ad, jedno rozhodnut\u00ed<\/p>\n

Pokud m\u00e1 m\u00edt reforma stavebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va skute\u010dn\u00fd smysl, mus\u00ed st\u00e1t na n\u011bkolika jednoduch\u00fdch principech. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich je princip jednoho stavebn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu a\u00a0jednoho rozhodnut\u00ed. St\u00e1t by m\u011bl b\u00fdt schopen koordinovat jednotliv\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy uvnit\u0159 vlastn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Nem\u016f\u017ee tuto koordinaci p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et na stavebn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je odd\u011blen\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed od samotn\u00e9ho povolovac\u00edho procesu. Politick\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed o\u00a0tom, co se kde m\u016f\u017ee stav\u011bt, maj\u00ed pat\u0159it do \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 tedy do prostoru demokratick\u00e9 diskuse samospr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e9 povolov\u00e1n\u00ed staveb by pak m\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm technickou procedurou: pokud projekt spln\u00ed stanoven\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt povolen. To mimochodem nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 revoluce. V\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed jde o\u00a0zcela b\u011b\u017en\u00fd standard.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd trochu zapl\u00e1\u010de<\/p>\n

Pokud chceme stavebn\u00ed legislativu skute\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnit, bude pot\u0159eba jedna v\u011bc: schopnost ustoupit z\u00a0partikul\u00e1rn\u00edch pozic. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee na konci nebude m\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u0161echno, co cht\u011bl.<\/p>\n

V byznysu se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee dobr\u00e1 dohoda se pozn\u00e1 podle toho, \u017ee trochu bol\u00ed ob\u011b strany. U\u00a0reformy stavebn\u00edho z\u00e1kona to nebude jin\u00e9. Je dost pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0akt\u00e9r\u016f u\u00a0tohoto stolu nakonec trochu zapl\u00e1\u010de. Pokud ale nikdo ustoupit nechce, v\u00fdsledek je p\u0159edem zn\u00e1m\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Za p\u00e1r let se znovu sejdeme nad dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1vrhem reformy stavebn\u00edho z\u00e1kona\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0budeme si znovu vysv\u011btlovat, pro\u010d je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Jen ne tu jeho \u010d\u00e1st, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Je pozoruhodn\u00e9, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ichni se shoduj\u00ed na jedn\u00e9 v\u011bci\u00a0\u2013 syst\u00e9m stavebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je pot\u0159eba zm\u011bnit. Jen s\u00a0jednou…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31276,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[13517,43,42,41,40,475,13518,2295,3837,6732,13055],"class_list":{"0":"post-31275","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-byrokracie","9":"tag-ceska-republika","10":"tag-cesko","11":"tag-czech-republic","12":"tag-czechia","13":"tag-developer","14":"tag-stavebni-urad","15":"tag-stavebni-zakon","16":"tag-stavebnictvi","17":"tag-urad","18":"tag-zakony"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116267141335909850","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31275"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31275\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}