![\"Gama](\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=43848&img=1_766.jpeg\" "\\"Gama")
<\/a><\/p>\nGama z\u00e1hada GRB 250702B. Kredit: NASA.<\/p>\n
Gama z\u00e1blesky (GRB) jsou, pokud v\u00edme, nejzu\u0159iv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed exploze ve vesm\u00edru. Ve zlomku sekundy vyz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u00edc energie, ne\u017e na\u0161e Slunce za cel\u00fdch asi 10 miliard let sv\u00e9 existence. V\u011bt\u0161ina gama z\u00e1blesk\u016f jsou doopravdy z\u00e1blesky a zase rychle zmiz\u00ed. Za sekundy, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b minuty je po v\u0161em.<\/p>\n
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Jonathan Granot. Kredit: Open University of Israel.<\/p>\n Ani ne p\u0159ed rokem, 2. \u010dervence 2025, k\u00a0n\u00e1m ale dorazilo gama monstrum. Ud\u00e1lost GRB 250702B, form\u00e1ln\u011b popsan\u00e1 jako gama z\u00e1blesk, ve skute\u010dnosti \u017ehavila 7 hodin a celkov\u011b odp\u00e1lila t\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 gama z\u00e1blesky b\u011bhem jedin\u00e9ho dne. Nemluv\u011b o tom, \u017ee po sob\u011b zanechala dosvit trvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce. V\u011bdc\u016fm hned do\u0161lo, \u017ee s\u00a0t\u00edmhle jsme zat\u00edm nem\u011bli tu \u010dest.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Ud\u00e1lost GRB 250702B, kterou detekoval vesm\u00edrn\u00fd gamateleskop Fermi, je nejdel\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd \u201egama z\u00e1blesk.\u201c T\u011bch jsme od prvn\u00edho rozeznan\u00e9ho gama z\u00e1blesku v\u00a0roce 1973 zachytili celkem asi 15 tis\u00edc a jen p\u00e1r z\u00a0nich se by\u0165 jen bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ud\u00e1losti GRB 250702B. Nato\u017e \u017ee by se gama z\u00e1blesk rychle po sob\u011b opakoval. Pokud tu\u0161\u00edme, typicky vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i jednor\u00e1zov\u00fdch kataklyzmick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech, jako je zhroucen\u00ed masivn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy nebo t\u0159eba sr\u00e1\u017eka neutronov\u00fdch hv\u011bzd.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Logo. Kredit: Open University of Israel.<\/p>\n V\u011bdci se hore\u010dnat\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed zjistit, co byla ud\u00e1lost GRB 250702B vlastn\u011b za\u010d. Jonathan Granot z Open University of Israel a jeho kolegov\u00e9 ned\u00e1vno nadhodili jako jednu z\u00a0nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed se\u017er\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzdy \u010dernou d\u00edrou st\u0159edn\u00ed velikosti. Takov\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly dosahovat hmoty p\u00e1r set a\u017e asi sto tis\u00edc Slunc\u00ed, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Jejich hled\u00e1n\u00ed se ale uk\u00e1zalo jako p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Granot a spol. se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u010dern\u00e1 d\u00edra st\u0159edn\u00ed velikost hv\u011bzdu roztrhala, ud\u011blala z\u00a0n\u00ed disk materi\u00e1lu a ten se\u017erala, co\u017e odp\u00e1lilo extr\u00e9mn\u00ed relativistick\u00fd pol\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdtrysk, jeho\u017e gama z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zachytil Fermi. Se\u017er\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzdy by vysv\u011btlovalo i tak neobvykl\u00e9 opakov\u00e1n\u00ed gama z\u00e1blesku z\u00a0jednoho m\u00edsta. \u010cern\u00e1 d\u00edra prost\u011b nese\u017erala v\u0161echno najednou. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc je, \u017ee jsme ud\u00e1lost GRB 250702B pozorovali asi 18,6 tis\u00edc sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let od centra doty\u010dn\u00e9 galaxie, co\u017e je zrovna oblast, kde bychom potuln\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry st\u0159edn\u00ed velikosti \u010dekali.<\/p>\n Maj\u00ed-li Granot s\u00a0kolegy pravdu, co\u017e nebude \u00fapln\u011b snadn\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it, stali jsme se poprv\u00e9 sv\u011bdky smrteln\u00e9ho v\u00fdk\u0159iku hv\u011bzdy ve ch\u0159t\u00e1nu \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry st\u0159edn\u00ed velikosti, v\u00a0podob\u011b nesm\u00edrn\u011b energetick\u00e9ho v\u00fdtrysku. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by \u0161lo o jednu z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed ve vesm\u00edru cel\u00e9ho desetilet\u00ed. Z\u00e1hada GRB 250702B ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b st\u00e1le trv\u00e1. Bude velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat, k\u00a0jak\u00e9mu vysv\u011btlen\u00ed se v\u011bdci p\u0159iklon\u00ed.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Video: Record Breaking Cosmic Explosion Was Over a Day Long and Nobody Knows Why<\/p>\n \n \u00a0<\/p>\n Literatura<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n