![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/teen-handy.jpeg\")
Foto: PixabayFlynn\u016fv efekt<\/p>\nV posledn\u00edch dnech se objevily titulky jako \u201eGenerace Z\u00a0je ofici\u00e1ln\u011b hloup\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ta p\u0159ed n\u00ed.\u201c Tyto v\u00fdroky vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze zpr\u00e1vy neurologa, kter\u00fd b\u011bhem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho sly\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ed americk\u00fdm Sen\u00e1tem tvrdil, \u017ee mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 narozen\u00ed zhruba mezi lety 1997\u00a0a\u00a02012\u00a0dosahuj\u00ed hor\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00a0testech inteligence a\u00a0akademick\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed ne\u017e jejich rodi\u010de\u00a0\u2013 generace mileni\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n
Takov\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed mohou p\u016fsobit \u0161okuj\u00edc\u00edm dojmem. Je to toti\u017e poprv\u00e9, co k\u00a0n\u011b\u010demu takov\u00e9mu potvrzen\u011b do\u0161lo. Jen\u017ee na v\u0161e se d\u00e1 pod\u00edvat z\u00a0v\u00edce \u00fahl\u016f pohledu. Co je na tom tedy pravda a\u00a0co je sp\u00ed\u0161e medi\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Foto: PixabayFlynn\u016fv efekt<\/p>\n
Abychom tomu l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bli, mus\u00edme si nejd\u0159\u00edve vysv\u011btlit jeden kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pojem – Flynn\u016fv efekt. Ten popisuje dlouhodob\u00fd trend, kdy v\u00fdsledky inteligen\u010dn\u00edch test\u016f z\u00a0generace na generaci rostly. M\u011b\u0159\u00ed se zhruba od po\u010d\u00e1tku 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, vrchol pak nastal zhruba v\u00a070.\u201380.\u00a0letech. Vzestup inteligence mezi generacemi specifikoval politolog James R. Flynn, podle kter\u00e9ho je efekt pojmenov\u00e1n a\u00a0v\u011bdci z\u00a0mnoha zem\u00ed sv\u011bta jej potvrzuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed hodnot se p\u0159ipisovalo lep\u0161\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b, zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di a\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edstupu ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 postupn\u011b dosahovali vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch a\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch sk\u00f3re v\u00a0certifikovan\u00fdch testech, kter\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na schopnost logick\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f a\u00a0abstrakci.<\/p>\n
Jen\u017ee, napsat do m\u00e9di\u00ed, \u017ee generace hloupne, nebo je chyt\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0chyt\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed, je jednoduch\u00e9. V\u00fdsledky t\u011bchto test\u016f by se ale nem\u011bly takto zev\u0161eobec\u0148ovat. Podle nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f toti\u017e Flynn\u016fv efekt nezachycoval \u201eskute\u010dn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed obecn\u00e9 inteligence\u201c \u010dlov\u011bka ve smyslu schopnosti myslet obecn\u011b hloub\u011bji nebo l\u00e9pe ve v\u0161ech sm\u011brech, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e postupn\u00e9 zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0testovan\u00fdch dovednostech.<\/p>\n
Stagnace trendu<\/p>\n
V n\u011bkter\u00fdch vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Norsku\u00a0\u2013 v\u011bdci pozoruj\u00ed, \u017ee r\u016fst IQ test\u016f se zhruba od 80.\u00a0let zpomalil, po roce 1975\u00a0se dokonce za\u010dal v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch obyvatelstva sni\u017eovat. Studie realizovan\u00e1 na tis\u00edc\u00edch norsk\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f zjistila, \u017ee zat\u00edmco generace narozen\u00e9 mezi lety 1962\u00a0a\u00a01975\u00a0dos\u00e1hly u\u00a0IQ test\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f ne\u017e jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdci, pro ro\u010dn\u00edky po roce 1975\u00a0u\u017e trend r\u016fstu neplat\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdsledky se sni\u017euj\u00ed.<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/books.jpeg\")
Foto: Pixabay<\/p>\n
To se n\u011bkdy ozna\u010duje jako negativn\u00ed Flynn\u016fv efekt, m\u00edsto r\u016fstu p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed stagnace nebo rovnou pokles. Tento jev ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by lid\u00e9 p\u0159estali b\u00fdt inteligentn\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 ukazuje sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee r\u016fst vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdch specifick\u00fdch zm\u011bn v\u00a0dan\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0po \u201ezajet\u00ed do norm\u00e1lu\u201c jednodu\u0161e skon\u010dil.<\/p>\n
Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f tak\u00e9 potvrzuje, \u017ee tento \u201enegativn\u00ed Flynn\u016fv efekt\u201c nebyl zji\u0161t\u011bn pouze v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 zemi, ale v\u00a0dev\u00edti r\u016fzn\u00fdch sledovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee se nejedn\u00e1 o\u00a0n\u00e1hodn\u00fd jev.<\/p>\n
Co jsou IQ testy a\u00a0co m\u011b\u0159\u00ed<\/p>\n
Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee IQ nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko \u201einteligence\u201c jako takov\u00e9, by\u0165 se to takto v\u0161eobecn\u011b vykl\u00e1d\u00e1. Inteligen\u010dn\u00ed testy m\u011b\u0159\u00ed soubor specifick\u00fdch kognitivn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed, jako jsou schopnost logick\u00e9ho uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, slovn\u00ed a\u00a0matematick\u00e9 \u00falohy, pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165 nebo rychlost zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Bodov\u00e9 sk\u00f3re se standardizuje tak, aby pr\u016fm\u011br st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho studenta m\u011bl hodnotu 100.\u00a0Tedy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 generace nen\u00ed \u201ehloup\u00e1\u201c, jen se v\u00fdsledky v\u00a0testech li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Generace Z<\/p>\n
Podle koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f Dr. Jareda Cooney Horvatha a\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch novinov\u00fdch report\u00e1\u017e\u00ed se mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 z\u00a0Generace Z\u00a0ve standardizovan\u00fdch testech umis\u0165uj\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblastech jako pozornost, pam\u011b\u0165, \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed, matematika a\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f. Tyto oblasti v\u0161ak \u00fazce souvisej\u00ed s\u00a0t\u00edm, jak se testy interpretuj\u00ed a\u00a0co vlastn\u011b hodnot\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 tedy sp\u00ed\u0161 akademicky nau\u010den\u00e9 dovednosti ne\u017e obecnou kreativitu, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed inteligenci nebo jinou formu \u201echytrosti\u201c.<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tablet.jpeg\")
Foto: Pixabay<\/p>\n
Tyto kometare a\u00a0ani testy samotn\u00e9 neberou v\u00a0potaz jednu d\u016fle\u017eitou rovinu. Zm\u011bnil se model u\u010den\u00ed, prost\u0159ed\u00ed i\u00a0n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 dne\u0161n\u00ed generace pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. Nam\u00edsto dlouh\u00fdch text\u016f a\u00a0studijn\u00edch sezen\u00ed tr\u00e1v\u00ed dnes mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu u\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch podn\u011bt\u016f a\u00a0multitaskingu. I\u00a0to pak ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fdsledky. Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee intenzivn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obrazovek a\u00a0rychl\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed kontext\u016f\u00a0\u2013 typick\u00e9 pro modern\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 videa\u00a0\u2013 m\u016f\u017ee zhor\u0161ovat v\u00fdkon v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch typech \u00faloh.<\/p>\n
Studie ze Stanfordovy univerzity hovo\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm \u010dasem str\u00e1ven\u00fdm p\u0159ed obrazovkou maj\u00ed hor\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky v\u00a0testech souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s\u00a0pracovn\u00ed pam\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0pozornost\u00ed ne\u017e vrstevn\u00edci s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed expozic\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit rozd\u00edly ve statistik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Nen\u00ed \u201eztr\u00e1ta inteligence\u201c, sp\u00ed\u0161e zm\u011bna stylu my\u0161len\u00ed<\/p>\n
Trend poklesu n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee lid\u00e9 jsou glob\u00e1ln\u011b hloup\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee se m\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm lid\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed informace a\u00a0v\u00fdsledky tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uje jejich nastaven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejde s\u00a0dobou. Lid\u00e9 dnes rostou ve sv\u011bt\u011b s\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00edmi prost\u0159edky, jin\u00fdmi n\u00e1roky a\u00a0jin\u00fdm typem vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00a0\u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, ne\u017e generace p\u0159ed nimi.<\/p>\n
N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci dokonce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed generace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt naopak lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0jin\u00fdch form\u00e1ch my\u0161len\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad ve vizu\u00e1ln\u00edm rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vzorc\u016f, pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00edmi informacemi nebo adaptaci na komplexn\u00ed technologie\u00a0\u2013 jen tyto schopnosti tradi\u010dn\u00ed IQ testy neodr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed.<\/p>\n
![](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/jungs.jpeg\")
Foto: PixabayShrnuto a\u00a0podtr\u017eeno:<\/p>\n
Dlouho pozorovan\u00fd Flynn\u016fv efekt, tedy r\u016fst v\u00fdsledk\u016f IQ test\u016f, se v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch zpomalil, n\u011bkde dokonce za\u010dal klesat. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee lid\u00e9 obecn\u011b \u201ehloupnou\u201c. Jen se m\u011bn\u00ed se typy dovednost\u00ed a\u00a0zp\u016fsob u\u010den\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd sv\u011bt klade jin\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na mozek ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve. A\u00a0to m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0odli\u0161n\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm v\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00edch typech test\u016f.<\/p>\n
Tak\u017ee zat\u00edmco n\u011bkde skute\u010dn\u011b vid\u00edme trend stagnace nebo poklesu v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch IQ statistik\u00e1ch, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee by Generace Z\u00a0byla m\u00e9n\u011b schopn\u00e1 myslet \u010di tvo\u0159it\u00a0\u2013 znamen\u00e1 to sp\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee se m\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak se schopnosti m\u011b\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0co na\u0161e spole\u010dnost od mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1. M\u00e9dia se jen zpr\u00e1vy Horvatha chytla a\u00a0interpretovala ji tak, jak si star\u0161\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159ej\u00ed – my byli lep\u0161\u00ed, mlad\u00ed nic neum\u00ed a\u00a0tak d\u00e1le a\u00a0tak d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V posledn\u00edch dnech se objevily titulky jako \u201eGenerace Z\u00a0je ofici\u00e1ln\u011b hloup\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ta p\u0159ed n\u00ed.\u201c Tyto v\u00fdroky vych\u00e1zej\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3763,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[3041,3043,650,3042,1719,3044,1715,2597,649,3045,54,77,1717,53,52,437],"class_list":{"0":"post-3762","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-generace","9":"tag-generace-z","10":"tag-lide","11":"tag-mezigeneracni-vztahy","12":"tag-mezilidske-vztahy","13":"tag-mladi-lide","14":"tag-psychologie","15":"tag-seberozvoj","16":"tag-spolecnost","17":"tag-stari","18":"tag-svet","19":"tag-veda","20":"tag-vzdelavani","21":"tag-world","22":"tag-world-news","23":"tag-zajimavosti"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3762"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3762\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}