{"id":38062,"date":"2026-03-28T09:06:11","date_gmt":"2026-03-28T09:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/38062\/"},"modified":"2026-03-28T09:06:11","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T09:06:11","slug":"efekt-motylich-kridel-aneb-proc-ma-predpoved-pocasi-sve-limity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/38062\/","title":{"rendered":"Efekt mot\u00fdl\u00edch k\u0159\u00eddel aneb Pro\u010d m\u00e1 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed sv\u00e9 limity"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pr\u016fb\u011bh leto\u0161n\u00ed zimy n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee po\u010das\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee b\u00fdt natolik nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9, \u017ee ani nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technika a\u00a0znalosti meteorolog\u016f n\u011bkdy nesta\u010d\u00ed. Neobvykle rozkol\u00edsan\u00fd pol\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00edr p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161el v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy po\u010das\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi komplikovaly.<\/p>\n

Evropa byla po v\u011bt\u0161inu zimy rozd\u011blena jak teplotn\u011b, tak sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u011b. \u010cesko se p\u0159itom velmi \u010dasto ocitalo na rozhran\u00ed mezi dv\u011bma zcela odli\u0161n\u00fdmi vzduchov\u00fdmi hmotami. Pr\u00e1v\u011b poloha na nestabiln\u00ed hranici v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161ovala nejistotu ve v\u00fdvoji po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Po relativn\u011b klidn\u00e9m pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch t\u00fddn\u016f se v\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru b\u0159ezna vr\u00e1tilo prom\u011bnliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. Obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 situace v\u0161ak ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010di men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed (seznam t\u011bch nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch situac\u00ed na p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010ceska si m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst na konci \u010dl\u00e1nku).<\/p>\n

<\/a>P\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 limity<\/p>\n

P\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed ze sv\u00e9 podstaty nikdy nebudou dokonal\u00e9. Jejich p\u0159esnost se v\u0161ak v\u00a0posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161uje. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed 50\u00a0lety byla v\u00a0\u010cesku \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na druh\u00fd den p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 85\u00a0procent, dnes maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost i\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011bdi na \u0161est\u00fd den.<\/p>\n

Nejen\u017ee dnes v\u00edme l\u00e9pe, jak\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1, p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace o\u00a0jeho v\u00fdvoji nav\u00edc \u010dasto pom\u00e1haj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit lidsk\u00e9 \u017eivoty i\u00a0majetek. D\u00edky v\u010dasn\u00fdm p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00edm se nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdrazn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila p\u0159ipravenost na povodn\u011b v\u00a0roce 2024.\u00a0Bez nich by n\u00e1sledky pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b byly mnohem tragi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za zlep\u0161en\u00edm \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti stoj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vstupn\u00ed data, rychl\u00fd v\u00fdvoj numerick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edch model\u016f i\u00a0hlub\u0161\u00ed poznatky o\u00a0dynamice atmosf\u00e9ry. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak existuj\u00ed situace, kdy je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 nejistotu v\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011bdi v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/p>\n

Atmosf\u00e9ra je toti\u017e mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd a\u00a0chaotick\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Jak\u00e1koli drobn\u00e1 zm\u011bna v\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0\u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9mu v\u00fdsledku, ne\u017e se p\u016fvodn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Tento princip je zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako takzvan\u00fd efekt mot\u00fdl\u00edch k\u0159\u00eddel. <\/p>\n

Ans\u00e1mblov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto meteorologov\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed takzvan\u00e9 ans\u00e1mblov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi. Ty pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ur\u010dit nejen charakter po\u010das\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobnost jednotliv\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, zejm\u00e9na u\u00a0dlouhodob\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ans\u00e1mbl p\u0159edstavuje soubor modelov\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f po\u010das\u00ed s\u00a0m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdmi po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Evropsk\u00e9ho centra pro st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi se jedn\u00e1 a\u017e o\u00a0pades\u00e1t r\u016fzn\u00fdch b\u011bh\u016f modelu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edly mezi v\u00fdpo\u010dty d\u00e1vaj\u00ed meteorolog\u016fm p\u0159edstavu o\u00a0tom, jak velk\u00e1 nejistota v\u00a0dan\u00e9 situaci panuje. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce se jednotliv\u00e9 ans\u00e1mblov\u00e9 b\u011bhy li\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je meteorologick\u00e1 situace.<\/p>\n

Meteorolog n\u00e1sledn\u011b tyto v\u00fdstupy vyhodnot\u00ed a\u00a0vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f na z\u00e1klad\u011b pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed. Pokud v\u011bt\u0161ina ans\u00e1mblov\u00fdch b\u011bh\u016f ukazuje sr\u00e1\u017eky a\u00a0jen n\u011bkolik z\u00a0nich z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 bez sr\u00e1\u017eek, je pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eek logicky vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup je z\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho hlediska nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/p>\n

Rozptyl jednotliv\u00fdch b\u011bh\u016f ans\u00e1mblu ukazuje mo\u017en\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e a\u00a0m\u00edru nejistoty.<\/p>\n

U mnoha automatick\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed meteorolog, se v\u0161ak setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s\u00a0takzvan\u00fdm deterministick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem. Ten \u010dasto nab\u00edz\u00ed pouze jeden konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159, nap\u0159\u00edklad zda bude pr\u0161et, nebo ne. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato metodika ale \u010dasto vede k\u00a0nep\u0159esnostem.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed popul\u00e1rn\u00ed mobiln\u00ed aplikace o\u00a0po\u010das\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech v\u00fdrazn\u011b zjednodu\u0161ily dostupnost meteorologick\u00fdch informac\u00ed. Sta\u010d\u00ed jedno \u010di dv\u011b kliknut\u00ed a\u00a0b\u011bhem chv\u00edle zjist\u00edme p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f po\u010das\u00ed pro t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jak\u00e9koli m\u00edsto na planet\u011b.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1 to v\u0161ak jedno z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u201eale\u201c. Data, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0aplikac\u00edch objevuj\u00ed, toti\u017e ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nepoch\u00e1zej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo od meteorolog\u016f. <\/p>\n

Jak p\u0159istupovat k\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011bdi<\/p>\n

To, co v\u00a0aplikaci vid\u00edme v\u00a0podob\u011b obr\u00e1zk\u016f nebo \u010d\u00edsel, je obvykle v\u00fdsledek pouze jednoho takzvan\u00e9ho deterministick\u00e9ho b\u011bhu modelu. Jak u\u017e ale bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno, jednotliv\u00e9 b\u011bhy se mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161it. Popsat takovou situaci jedinou hodnotou nebo ikonou je proto velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Modelov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi tak\u00e9 nedok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zohlednit lok\u00e1ln\u00ed jevy a\u00a0nahr\u00e1n\u00ed jejich dat do aplikace trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik hodin. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 aplikace nav\u00edc vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jin\u00fd model, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch situac\u00edch sv\u00e9 siln\u00e9 i\u00a0slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n

To ale rozhodn\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by aplikace o\u00a0po\u010das\u00ed byly nepou\u017eiteln\u00e9. Naopak pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00edskat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informace o\u00a0po\u010das\u00ed. Je v\u0161ak dobr\u00e9 p\u0159istupovat k\u00a0t\u011bmto \u00fadaj\u016fm s\u00a0ur\u010ditou rezervou.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad aplikace uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee v\u00a0m\u00e9 obci bude v\u00a015:00\u00a0teplota \u22122\u00a0\u00b0C, neznamen\u00e1 to automaticky, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b tato hodnota skute\u010dn\u011b nastane. Re\u00e1ln\u00e1 teplota se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it i\u00a0o n\u011bkolik stup\u0148\u016f v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed lokalit\u011b, slo\u017eitosti situace nebo na d\u00e9lce p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00edho horizontu.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u011b je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 sledovat i\u00a0procentu\u00e1ln\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost sr\u00e1\u017eek. Ta \u010dasto poskytne v\u00edce informac\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00e1 ikonka mraku s\u00a0kapkami nebo sn\u011bhovou vlo\u010dkou.<\/p>\n

Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee jak \u00fadaje v\u00a0aplikac\u00edch, tak i\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 meteorologem p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nikoli re\u00e1ln\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed. Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159ipust\u00ed nejistotu, kter\u00e1 meteorologick\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi v\u017edy prov\u00e1z\u00ed, m\u00e1 nap\u016fl vyhr\u00e1no.<\/p>\n

Kde hledat \u201espr\u00e1vn\u00e9\u201c informace<\/p>\n

Druhou \u010d\u00e1st \u00fasp\u011bchu p\u0159edstavuje sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce zdroj\u016f a\u00a0komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jedin\u00e9 aplikace, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159edinstalovan\u00e1 v\u00a0telefonu, je sice nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euje \u0161anci na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed co nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch informac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 se z\u00e1kladn\u00ed orientac\u00ed v\u00a0meteorologii maj\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed. Ke zhodnocen\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed situace slou\u017e\u00ed synoptick\u00e9 mapy<\/a>, kter\u00e9 zobrazuj\u00ed tlakov\u00e9 \u00fatvary a\u00a0front\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my. Ty pom\u00e1haj\u00ed pochopit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed souvislosti v\u00fdvoje po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/p>\n

Synoptick\u00e1 mapa ukazuje polohu tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvaru a\u00a0front\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Sledovat lze tak\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy numerick\u00fdch model\u016f ve form\u011b map nebo meteogram\u016f. Velmi p\u0159ehledn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed se stovkami produkt\u016f nab\u00edz\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad ECMWF<\/a>. Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 specializovan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, na kter\u00fdch lze porovnat v\u00fdstupy v\u00edce model\u016f. Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed Wetterzentrale<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed jsou i\u00a0interaktivn\u00ed mapy v\u00a0aplikac\u00edch, jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 produkty Windy<\/a> \u010di Ventusky<\/a>. Ty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sledovat v\u00fdvoj po\u010das\u00ed v\u00a0prostoru a\u00a0l\u00e9pe ch\u00e1pat souvislosti mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi jevy. I\u00a0zde je v\u0161ak pot\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 mapa v\u011bt\u0161inou vych\u00e1z\u00ed pouze z\u00a0jednoho b\u011bhu modelu.<\/p>\n

Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu ve\u0159ejnosti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdrojem informac\u00ed textov\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi. Ty toti\u017e p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed kvalifikovan\u00ed meteorologov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i jejich tvorb\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nejen modelov\u00e1 data, ale tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledn\u00e1 p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f proto b\u00fdv\u00e1 obvykle p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00fd v\u00fdstup numerick\u00e9ho modelu. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je v\u011bnovat pozornost cel\u00e9mu textu, v\u010detn\u011b \u010dasov\u00fdch a\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edch up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00edch formulac\u00ed jako \u201eojedin\u011ble\u201c nebo \u201em\u00edsty\u201c. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Ani p\u0159es ve\u0161ker\u00fd pokrok v\u0161ak p\u0159edpov\u011bdi po\u010das\u00ed nikdy nebudou zcela dokonal\u00e9. Atmosf\u00e9ra je dynamick\u00fd a\u00a0chaotick\u00fd syst\u00e9m s\u00a0mnoha procesy, kter\u00e9 nelze s\u00a0absolutn\u00ed jistotou p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt. Mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je meteorologie pro mnoho lid\u00ed tak fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bdn\u00edm oborem.<\/p>\n

Kdy je po\u010das\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u00eddat?<\/p>\n

Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed letn\u00ed bou\u0159ky vznikaj\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9ho a\u00a0vlhk\u00e9ho vzduchu. \u010casto se vytvo\u0159\u00ed jen nad malou oblast\u00ed a\u00a0jejich p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u00edsto vzniku se t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ned\u00e1 ur\u010dit. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti m\u011bsta p\u0159ijde siln\u00fd lij\u00e1k a\u00a0o p\u00e1r kilometr\u016f d\u00e1l je \u00fapln\u011b sucho.<\/p>\n

P\u0159eh\u00e1\u0148ky v\u00a0nestabiln\u00edm vzduchu vznikaj\u00ed za studenou frontou v\u00a0podstat\u011b n\u00e1hodn\u011b podle m\u00edstn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Modely dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt sp\u00ed\u0161e pravd\u011bpodobnost jejich v\u00fdskytu ne\u017e p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u00edsto, kde se objev\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Poloha front\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f se t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1, proto\u017ee \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u011b jejich s\u00edly, trasy nebo rychlosti. Jak\u00e1koli mal\u00e1 zm\u011bna v\u00a0t\u011bchto aspektech m\u016f\u017ee znamenat velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl v\u00a0poloze fronty, a\u00a0tud\u00ed\u017e i\u00a0v charakteru po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rozhran\u00ed mezi de\u0161t\u011bm a\u00a0sn\u011bhem vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch kolem bodu mrazu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e o\u00a0typu sr\u00e1\u017eek \u010dasto rozhoduj\u00ed rozd\u00edly jen jednoho \u010di dvou stup\u0148\u016f. Tyto mal\u00e9 odchylky mohou znamenat z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi de\u0161t\u011bm, sn\u011b\u017een\u00edm nebo mrznouc\u00edmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami.<\/p>\n

N\u00edzk\u00e1 obla\u010dnost a\u00a0mlhy \u010dasto vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i inverzi teploty v\u00a0chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti roku pod vlivem tlakov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e. Modely n\u011bkdy obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b odhaduj\u00ed, kde se vytvo\u0159\u00ed nebo rozpust\u00ed. V\u00a0praxi tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt m\u00edsto slune\u010dn\u00e9ho dne zata\u017eeno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 cel\u00fd den.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm je \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky specifick\u00e9?<\/p>\n

Poloha ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b mezi oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdm klimatem z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy a\u00a0kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edm klimatem v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy po\u010das\u00ed. Do oblasti pronikaj\u00ed rozd\u00edln\u00e9 vzduchov\u00e9 hmoty, jejich\u017e st\u0159et\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje zv\u00fd\u0161enou dynamiku po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010cast\u00e9 p\u0159echody front\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f jsou tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobeny polohou. St\u0159edn\u00ed Evropa je pomyslnou \u201edopravn\u00ed k\u0159i\u017eovatkou\u201c tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f. Tlakov\u00e9 n\u00ed\u017ee a\u00a0jejich fronty \u010dasto postupuj\u00ed p\u0159es tuto oblast a\u00a0p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed rychl\u00e9 zm\u011bny po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010clenit\u00fd reli\u00e9f krajiny \u010ceska, kter\u00e9 je obklopeno horsk\u00fdmi p\u00e1smy, v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu. Velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mohou b\u00fdt v\u00a0teplotn\u00edch pom\u011brech a\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed a\u00a0typu sr\u00e1\u017eek mezi n\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00fdmi a\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011btrn\u00fdmi svahy a\u00a0mezi n\u00ed\u017einami a\u00a0horami.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam lok\u00e1ln\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch jev\u016f, jako jsou mlhy, teplotn\u00ed inverze, horsk\u00e9 proud\u011bn\u00ed, f\u00e9nov\u00fd efekt, mrazy v\u00a0kotlin\u00e1ch nebo m\u00edstn\u00ed bou\u0159ky, se v\u00a0\u010cesku projevuje pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b. Tyto jevy numerick\u00e9 modely zachycuj\u00ed jen omezen\u011b.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fb\u011bh leto\u0161n\u00ed zimy n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee po\u010das\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee b\u00fdt natolik nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9, \u017ee ani nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technika a\u00a0znalosti meteorolog\u016f n\u011bkdy…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38063,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[2591,15482,43,42,41,40,3516,10992,255,1440,12721,1314],"class_list":{"0":"post-38062","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-aplikace","9":"tag-atmosfera","10":"tag-ceska-republika","11":"tag-cesko","12":"tag-czech-republic","13":"tag-czechia","14":"tag-meteorologove","15":"tag-modely","16":"tag-pocasi","17":"tag-predpoved-pocasi","18":"tag-vykyvy-pocasi","19":"tag-zima"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116306010789950414","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38062"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38062\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}