{"id":40248,"date":"2026-03-30T14:02:12","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T14:02:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/40248\/"},"modified":"2026-03-30T14:02:12","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T14:02:12","slug":"stat-rozda-zbrane-na-sestrel-dronu-temelin-ci-letiste-by-nemusely-cekat-na-policii-a-armadu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/40248\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u00e1t rozd\u00e1 zbran\u011b na sest\u0159el dron\u016f. Temel\u00edn \u010di leti\u0161t\u011b by nemusely \u010dekat na policii a arm\u00e1du"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bezpilotn\u00ed prost\u0159edky se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed volbou agresor\u016f. A\u0165 u\u017e v plnoform\u00e1tov\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch na Ukrajin\u011b nebo v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu,<\/a>\u00a0v r\u00e1mci hybridn\u00edho p\u016fsoben\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f na ciz\u00edch \u00fazem\u00edch nebo b\u011bhem r\u016fzn\u00fdch incident\u016f kolem leti\u0161\u0165, v\u011bznic \u010di pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch are\u00e1l\u016f. Jako velmi efektivn\u00ed zbra\u0148 se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b ukazuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na zcela b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, men\u0161\u00ed, ve\u0159ejnosti dostupn\u00e9 levn\u00e9 drony,<\/a>\u00a0s jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed v\u0161ak lze nap\u00e1chat \u0161kody nesrovnateln\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnoty.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Naopak kapacity \u010desk\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdslovnou pravomoc aktivn\u011b zasahovat proti dron\u016fm v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u00fatok\u016f, tedy policie a arm\u00e1dn\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 policie, jsou logicky omezen\u00e9. Vzhledem k napjat\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situaci v Evrop\u011b a mo\u017en\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m chce sou\u010dasnou praxi zm\u011bnit v\u00fdbor pro protidronovou ochranu, dronovou regulaci a rozvoj.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 drony nad \u010ceskem<\/p>\n

\u201ePolicie a arm\u00e1da nemohou zasahovat v\u0161ude, prvk\u016f kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury je obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Jsme p\u0159ipraveni d\u00e1t zelenou k tomu, aby spr\u00e1vci prvk\u016f kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury m\u011bli ur\u010dit\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed a nemuseli \u010dekat na v\u00fdjezd policie nebo vojensk\u00e9 policie arm\u00e1dy,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Zden\u011bk Jel\u00ednek, \u0159editel odboru civiln\u00edho letectv\u00ed ministerstva dopravy. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v gesci tohoto resortu funguje zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd v\u00fdbor, kter\u00fd vznikl loni na podzim a je st\u00e1l\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm org\u00e1nem Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rady st\u00e1tu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1stupci ministerstev dopravy, vnitra, obrany a spravedlnosti, \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed letov\u00e9ho provozu, \u00da\u0159adu pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed letos rozhodnout mimo jin\u00e9 dv\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky: kdo se nov\u011b bude moci s\u00e1m br\u00e1nit v\u016f\u010di vzdu\u0161n\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m a jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00fdbor proto nyn\u00ed vypracov\u00e1v\u00e1 seznam prvk\u016f kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury, kter\u00e9 by se mohly br\u00e1nit po vlastn\u00ed ose. Typicky na seznamu figuruj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny, vodn\u00ed d\u00edla \u010di leti\u0161t\u011b. Zdaleka to neplat\u00ed pro v\u0161echny spr\u00e1vce kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury: mezi n\u011b se toti\u017e \u0159ad\u00ed jak prvky o v\u00fdznamu jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Temel\u00edn, tak ale i n\u011bkter\u00e9 silnice prvn\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd nebo velkochovy prasat.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Leti\u0161t\u011b V\u00e1clava Havla jako m\u011bkk\u00fd c\u00edl<\/p>\n

V\u00fdbor z\u00e1rove\u0148 pracuje i s variantou, \u017ee by st\u00e1t poskytoval licence k aktivn\u00ed obran\u011b proti dron\u016fm spole\u010dnostem \u010di agentur\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 by splnily pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. \u201ePodniky, kter\u00e9 by se cht\u011bly br\u00e1nit, by tak mohly na trhu poptat komplexn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Jel\u00ednek.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pravomoc k sebeobran\u011b proti dron\u016fm by automaticky m\u011bly z\u00edskat v\u0161echny st\u00e1tn\u00ed objekty spadaj\u00edc\u00ed pod ministerstvo obrany, jejich\u017e objekty \u010di \u00fazem\u00ed jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro obranu st\u00e1tu, domn\u00edv\u00e1 se \u0159editel st\u00e1tn\u00edho podniku LOM Praha Ji\u0159\u00ed Protiva: \u201eNa ministerstvu se dlouhodob\u011b hovo\u0159\u00ed o strategick\u00fdch podnic\u00edch v r\u00e1mci bezpe\u010dnosti dod\u00e1vek pro arm\u00e1du. To by se m\u011blo v jedn\u00e1n\u00edch zohlednit.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\n

K nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm takzvan\u00fdm \u201em\u011bkk\u00fdm c\u00edl\u016fm\u201c v \u010cesku pat\u0159\u00ed Leti\u0161t\u011b V\u00e1clava Havla, je\u017e se rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na plo\u0161e o v\u00edce ne\u017e dev\u00edti kilometrech \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch a jeho\u017e dva nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed body d\u011bl\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost a\u017e 4,5 kilometru.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eDron let\u00ed rychleji, ne\u017e jede auto. P\u0159ijet n\u011bkam zabere minuty. P\u0159edstava, \u017ee p\u0159ijedete na m\u00edsto a za\u010dnete st\u0159\u00edlet brokovnic\u00ed po n\u011b\u010dem, o \u010dem nev\u00edte, zda v\u00e1s ohro\u017euje, hrani\u010d\u00ed s p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enost\u00ed reakce,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed v nads\u00e1zce \u010dlen p\u0159edstavenstva Leti\u0161t\u011b Praha Martin Ku\u010dera. Dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed legislativa mus\u00ed tak\u00e9 ur\u010dit odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kody v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy by eliminovan\u00fd dron po\u0161kodil n\u011b\u010d\u00ed majetek, v hor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zdrav\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\u010cesk\u00e1<\/a>\u010cesk\u00e1 firma Primoco chyst\u00e1 prvn\u00ed obrann\u00fd dron s nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdmi st\u0159elami. Testy maj\u00ed skon\u010dit u\u017e letos<\/a><\/p>\n

Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enost reakce p\u0159edstavuje druhou kl\u00ed\u010dovou ot\u00e1zku, kterou se v\u00fdbor nyn\u00ed zab\u00fdv\u00e1. \u201eOpr\u00e1vnit ke st\u0159elb\u011b n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slo\u017eky by byl probl\u00e9m,\u201c konstatuje Jel\u00ednek. Vznik\u00e1 proto \u0161k\u00e1la r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mohly vyu\u017e\u00edt: nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159evz\u00edt kontrolu nad dronem vlastn\u00ed vys\u00edla\u010dkou, ru\u0161it sign\u00e1l agresora nebo dron fyzicky odchytit.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eM\u00e1lokdo si uv\u011bdomuje, \u017ee elektronick\u00e9 ru\u0161en\u00ed je dnes protiz\u00e1konn\u00e9,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0159editel \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed letov\u00e9ho provozu Jan Klas. St\u00e1tn\u00ed podnik letov\u00fdch dispe\u010der\u016f dlouhodob\u011b spolupracuje se spr\u00e1vci kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury. \u201eTy firmy stoj\u00ed p\u0159ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm, zda investovat des\u00edtky \u010di stovky milion\u016f korun do ochrany a detekce dron\u016f. \u010c\u00edm je p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm je i dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed. V regulaci mus\u00ed b\u00fdt naprosto jasno p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e tito velc\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di za\u010dnou investovat,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Klas.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsoby eliminace dron\u016f
\n Ru\u0161en\u00ed sign\u00e1lu (jamming) \u2013 nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metoda, kter\u00e1 p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed spojen\u00ed mezi pilotem a dronem nebo satelitn\u00ed navigaci. Dron pak obvykle p\u0159istane, nebo se vr\u00e1t\u00ed na m\u00edsto startu.P\u0159evzet\u00ed kontroly (takeover\/spoofing) \u2013 pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9my dok\u00e1\u017eou dron \u201ep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit\u201c, \u017ee komunikuj\u00ed s jeho vlastn\u00edm ovlada\u010dem, a bezpe\u010dn\u011b ho odv\u00e9st jinam.Z\u00e1chytn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad speci\u00e1ln\u00ed drony vyst\u0159eluj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 nebo za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dron fyzicky zachyt\u00ed. Pozemn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u2013 tzv. \u201eanti-drone guns\u201c nebo s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 pistole\/bazuky, kter\u00e9 dron zachyt\u00ed do s\u00edt\u011b a st\u00e1hnou k zemi.Kinetick\u00e9 prost\u0159edky \u2013 v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o sest\u0159elen\u00ed nebo interceptory (drony, kter\u00e9 lov\u00ed drony), ale to je sp\u00ed\u0161e krajn\u00ed varianta kv\u016fli riziku dopadu trosek.Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad pou\u017eit\u00ed vycvi\u010den\u00fdch dravc\u016f, co\u017e se testovalo v n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, ale v praxi se to p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neprosadilo.<\/p>\n

Ve st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9m horizontu by tak v \u010cesku mohl vzniknout trh v \u0159\u00e1du stovek milion\u016f korun, domn\u00edv\u00e1 se prezident Aliance pro bezpilotn\u00ed leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl Jakub Karas. Pokud by st\u00e1t roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il ochranu na leti\u0161t\u011b, energetiku, chemick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, logistick\u00e1 a datov\u00e1 centra a dal\u0161\u00ed, mno\u017estv\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch lokalit by \u010d\u00edtalo stovky prvk\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eV \u010cesku u\u017e dnes existuj\u00ed firmy z oblasti dron\u016f, radar\u016f, elektronick\u00e9ho boje nebo bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly \u0161anci se kvalifikovat. Re\u00e1ln\u011b by se mohlo jednat o jednotky a\u017e n\u00edzk\u00e9 des\u00edtky spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by dok\u00e1zaly splnit technick\u00e9, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b licen\u010dn\u00ed po\u017eadavky.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\n

Shodu na podob\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fapravy chce v\u00fdbor podle Jel\u00ednka nal\u00e9zt do konce tohoto roku, nejpozd\u011bji do poloviny p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho. Pot\u00e9 m\u00e1 zapo\u010d\u00edt samotn\u00fd legislativn\u00ed proces. Zd\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee drony coby modern\u00ed technologie d\u00e1vno p\u0159edlet\u011bly tuzemskou legislativu, lze nab\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00edm, \u017ee \u010cesko dosud nem\u00e1 data o re\u00e1ln\u00e9m pohybu dron\u016f v \u010dase. \u201eCo se t\u00fd\u010de statistik pohybu dron\u016f, sou\u010dasn\u00fd legislativn\u00ed a technick\u00fd r\u00e1mec neumo\u017e\u0148uje plo\u0161n\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed intenzity provozu,\u201c konstatuje mluv\u010d\u00ed \u00da\u0159adu pro civiln\u00ed letectv\u00ed Jitka Ungerov\u00e1. Samotn\u00fd v\u00fdbor pro protidronovou ochranu, regulaci a rozvoj ostatn\u011b vznikl loni na podzim.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Jen ofici\u00e1ln\u011b registrovan\u00fdch provozovatel\u016f dron\u016f p\u0159itom Agentura EU pro bezpe\u010dnost letectv\u00ed (EASA) eviduje p\u0159es dva miliony. V \u010cesku jich bylo koncem lo\u0148ska p\u0159es 85 tis\u00edc. I ty stroje z kategorie cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159itom disponuj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e slu\u0161n\u00fdmi parametry. K obl\u00edben\u00fdm model\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad Mini 5 Pro z d\u00edlny \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce DJI, kter\u00fd dominuje glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu trhu v segmentu dron\u016f \u201ena hran\u00ed\u201c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Schopnosti levn\u00fdch \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch dron\u016f DJI<\/p>\n

Stroj dle v\u00fdrobce v\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u010dtvrt kilogramu, dok\u00e1\u017ee vyvinout horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost a\u017e osmn\u00e1ct metr\u016f za vte\u0159inu, stoupat rychlost\u00ed a\u017e deset metr\u016f za vte\u0159inu, vylet\u011bt do v\u00fd\u0161ky \u0161esti kilometr\u016f (a pak se vyb\u00edt), ulet\u011bt a\u017e 21 kilometr\u016f a vydr\u017eet ve vzduchu p\u0159es 21 minut. U \u010desk\u00e9ho dovozce a distributora Telink si ho m\u016f\u017ee po\u0159\u00eddit kdokoliv, a to za aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed cenu 25 tis\u00edc korun, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje i dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed. Cena v\u00fdrazn\u011b pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch dron\u016f nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d trhem je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pouze o des\u00edtky tis\u00edc.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 e15 oslovila, do vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku neodpov\u011bd\u011bly na ot\u00e1zku, jak\u00fdmi kapacitami disponuj\u00ed na ochranu p\u0159ed drony. \u201eFlotila\u201c policejn\u00edch dron\u016f se nicm\u00e9n\u011b nem\u00e1 rozr\u016fstat z\u00e1vratn\u00fdm tempem \u2013 ve\u0159ejn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1 leteck\u00e1 koncepce policie do roku 2032 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s po\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm 112 dron\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed slou\u017eit v\u0161em mo\u017en\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, nikoliv v\u00fdhradn\u011b jako antidronov\u00e1 ochrana.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ministerstvo obrany aktu\u00e1ln\u011b sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed nadlimitn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnou zak\u00e1zku na antidronov\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro vojenskou policii, zat\u00edm bez zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku. Ministerstvo nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u017eaduje, aby pilot b\u011bhem test\u016f operoval ve vzd\u00e1lenosti t\u0159\u00ed a\u017e \u010dty\u0159 kilometr\u016f od chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho objektu, detekoval ciz\u00ed dron minim\u00e1ln\u011b na vzd\u00e1lenost t\u0159\u00ed kilometr\u016f a eliminoval ho p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm na vzd\u00e1lenost jednoho kilometru.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bezpilotn\u00ed prost\u0159edky se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed volbou agresor\u016f. A\u0165 u\u017e v plnoform\u00e1tov\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch na Ukrajin\u011b nebo v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu,\u00a0v…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40249,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[940,1014,16087,43,42,41,40,464,939,3209,923,325,1436],"class_list":{"0":"post-40248","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-armada","9":"tag-bezpecnost","10":"tag-bezpilotni-prostredky","11":"tag-ceska-republika","12":"tag-cesko","13":"tag-czech-republic","14":"tag-czechia","15":"tag-drony","16":"tag-letectvi","17":"tag-letouny","18":"tag-ministerstvo-obrany","19":"tag-policie","20":"tag-zbrane"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116318499505988614","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40248\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}