{"id":41929,"date":"2026-04-01T06:19:08","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T06:19:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/41929\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T06:19:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T06:19:08","slug":"nove-druhy-drevin-ve-mestech-jsou-spojeny-s-riziky-varuji-olomoucti-vedci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/41929\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e9 druhy d\u0159evin ve m\u011bstech jsou spojeny s\u00a0riziky, varuj\u00ed olomou\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rizikem je podle v\u011bdc\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazn\u00edch druh\u016f rostlin nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u0159evin, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed alergenn\u00ed \u010di toxick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.<\/p>\n

Z jejich v\u00fdzkumu vyplynulo, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed klade na stromy extr\u00e9mn\u00ed n\u00e1roky. Nadzemn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti d\u0159evin \u010del\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdm sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm pom\u011br\u016fm, exhalac\u00edm i\u00a0\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu fyzick\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Nem\u00e9n\u011b problematick\u00e1 je situace pod povrchem, kde jsou ko\u0159eny omezeny zhutn\u011bnou p\u016fdou, in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fdmi s\u00edt\u011bmi a\u00a0nepropustn\u00fdmi povrchy. Tento takzvan\u00fd \u201ekv\u011btin\u00e1\u010dov\u00fd efekt\u201c v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje vitalitu strom\u016f. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201eDom\u00e1c\u00ed druhy, jako jsou l\u00edpy, javory nebo jasany, dnes v\u00a0m\u011bstsk\u00fdch ulic\u00edch \u010dasto vykazuj\u00ed siln\u00fd fyziologick\u00fd stres. Trp\u00ed nedostatkem vody, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b prosychaj\u00ed a\u00a0odum\u00edraj\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e stihnou vytvo\u0159it funk\u010dn\u00ed korunu,\u201c uvedl Pavel Klapka z\u00a0katedry geografie P\u0159F UPOL. Zat\u00edmco jednotliv\u00e9 stresuj\u00edc\u00ed faktory byly d\u0159eviny schopn\u00e9 v\u00a0minulosti zvl\u00e1dat, jejich sou\u010dasn\u00e1 kombinace je u\u017e pro n\u011b kritick\u00e1. <\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je biologick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost<\/p>\n

Urbanistick\u00e1 praxe proto st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji sah\u00e1 po nep\u016fvodn\u00edch d\u0159evin\u00e1ch z\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed Evropy, Asie \u010di Severn\u00ed Ameriky, kter\u00e9 d\u00edky genetick\u00e9 v\u00fdbav\u011b l\u00e9pe toleruj\u00ed sucho, vysok\u00e9 teploty i\u00a0zasolen\u00ed p\u016fd. V\u00a0ulic\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch m\u011bst tak p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u0159ezovce, jerl\u00edny, jinany nebo n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy dub\u016f a\u00a0javor\u016f. <\/p>\n

\u201eNejde u\u017e jen o\u00a0to, zda strom p\u0159e\u017eije klimatickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e. Mus\u00edme z\u00e1rove\u0148 hodnotit jeho biologickou bezpe\u010dnost pro obyvatele,\u201c upozornil Ren\u00e9 Jirmus z\u00a0katedry geografie.<\/p>\n

Nep\u016fvodn\u00ed druhy d\u0159evin toti\u017e mohou b\u00fdt toxick\u00e9, produkovat siln\u00e9 alergeny, m\u00edt trny nebo vykazovat invazn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bdci proto analyzuj\u00ed jejich dopady na m\u011bstsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed i\u00a0zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed a\u00a0poskytuj\u00ed samospr\u00e1v\u00e1m data pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0skladb\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zelen\u011b. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 zm\u011bna druh\u016f nesta\u010d\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 je i\u00a0prom\u011bna podzemn\u00edho prostoru, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed strom\u016fm umo\u017enit dostate\u010dn\u00fd r\u016fst a\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00fd vodn\u00ed i\u00a0vzdu\u0161n\u00fd re\u017eim.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum byl zam\u011b\u0159en i\u00a0na bezpe\u010dnost m\u011bstsk\u00e9 zelen\u011b z\u00a0pohledu biologick\u00fdch a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edch rizik. T\u00fdm, kter\u00fd se j\u00edm zab\u00fdval, vyvinul biologick\u00fd index nebezpe\u010dnosti rostlin, kter\u00fd hodnot\u00ed d\u0159eviny podle alergenn\u00edho potenci\u00e1lu, toxicity a\u00a0mechanick\u00fdch rizik, jako jsou trny. <\/p>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Olomouci anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee modern\u00ed v\u00fdsadby na d\u011btsk\u00fdch h\u0159i\u0161t\u00edch sice eliminuj\u00ed viditeln\u00e1 rizika, ale \u010dast\u011bji obsahuj\u00ed druhy s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed toxicitou, o\u00a0kter\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnost zat\u00edm nem\u00e1 tu\u0161en\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Zele\u0148 ovliv\u0148uje tak\u00e9 pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 zkoumali, jak lid\u00e9 vn\u00edmaj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost zelen\u00fdch prostor. \u201eHust\u00e9 a\u00a0nep\u0159ehledn\u00e9 porosty podporuj\u00ed ve dne rekreaci, v\u00a0noci v\u0161ak zvy\u0161uj\u00ed pocit ohro\u017een\u00ed. Omezen\u00e1 p\u0159ehlednost a\u00a0slab\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost osv\u011btlen\u00ed zvy\u0161uj\u00ed percepci (vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed) rizika kriminality. Design zelen\u011b tedy p\u0159\u00edmo ovliv\u0148uje chov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed i\u00a0jejich pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed,\u201c podotkl Klapka. <\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci z\u00e1rove\u0148 varovali p\u0159ed plo\u0161n\u00fdm odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm zelen\u011b z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00ed. Takov\u00fd postup m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bst a\u00a0zhor\u0161en\u00ed kvality \u017eivota. \u201eAbsence st\u00ednu p\u0159edstavuje \u010dasto v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed riziko ne\u017e samotn\u00e1 vegetace,\u201c zd\u016fraznil Jirmus.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu maj\u00ed pomoci m\u011bst\u016fm zvl\u00e1dnout prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed prom\u011bnu zelen\u00e9 infrastruktury. C\u00edlem je nastavit takovou skladbu a\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di o\u00a0zele\u0148, kter\u00e1 bude klimaticky odoln\u00e1, ekologicky funk\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pro obyvatele.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Rizikem je podle v\u011bdc\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazn\u00edch druh\u016f rostlin nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed d\u0159evin, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed alergenn\u00ed \u010di toxick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky.…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":41930,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,16491,11987,396,3440,6124,7584,6068,4095,9724],"class_list":{"0":"post-41929","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-ceska-republika","9":"tag-cesko","10":"tag-czech-republic","11":"tag-czechia","12":"tag-dreviny","13":"tag-invazni-druhy","14":"tag-olomouc","15":"tag-prirodovedecka-fakulta","16":"tag-rostliny","17":"tag-upol","18":"tag-vedci","19":"tag-vyzkum","20":"tag-zelen"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116328003385596750","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41929","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41929"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41929\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41929"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41929"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41929"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}