{"id":42227,"date":"2026-04-01T11:39:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T11:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/42227\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T11:39:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T11:39:14","slug":"jak-funguji-volby-v-madarsku-a-proc-nahravaji-orbanovi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/42227\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguj\u00ed volby v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku a pro\u010d nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed Orb\u00e1novi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Co zde najdete:Jak se v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku vol\u00edHlasov\u00e1n\u00ed Ma\u010far\u016f doma a\u00a0v zahrani\u010d\u00edHlasov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch men\u0161inKdy byl p\u0159ijat sou\u010dasn\u00fd volebn\u00ed syst\u00e9mStranick\u00fd syst\u00e9m a\u00a0hlavn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i<\/p>\n

Ma\u010farsk\u00fd parlament, tedy N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed (Orsz\u00e1ggy\u0171l\u00e9s), je hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fd org\u00e1n st\u00e1tu. P\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 z\u00e1kony a\u00a0usnesen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b zm\u011bn \u00fastavy, a\u00a0vol\u00ed premi\u00e9ra na n\u00e1vrh prezidenta. <\/p>\n

Volby do parlamentu se konaj\u00ed v\u00a0jednom kole. Den voleb v\u00a0roce 2026\u00a0p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na ned\u011bli 12.\u00a0dubna.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>Jak se v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku vol\u00ed<\/p>\n

Volebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m do Ma\u010farsk\u00e9ho parlamentu kombinuje dva typy volby. Ze 199\u00a0poslanc\u016f je 106\u00a0voleno v\u00a0jednomand\u00e1tov\u00fdch obvodech (egy\u00e9ni v\u00e1laszt\u00f3ker\u00fclet). V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice je takto voleno do Sen\u00e1tu. V\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m obvod\u011b je jenom jeden v\u00edt\u011bz. Sta\u010d\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina hlas\u016f, aby v\u00edt\u011bz s\u00e1m z\u00edskal cel\u00fd obvod.<\/p>\n

Zbyl\u00fdch 93\u00a0mand\u00e1t\u016f je voleno z\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edch listin (orsz\u00e1gos lista). N\u00e1rodn\u00ed listiny odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed volb\u00e1m do Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovny v\u00a0\u010cR. Voli\u010di vol\u00ed celou kandid\u00e1tku, mand\u00e1ty se p\u0159epo\u010dtem rozd\u011bl\u00ed mezi strany, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed volebn\u00ed klauzuli, tedy minim\u00e1ln\u00ed procento z\u00edskan\u00fdch hlas\u016f. Je stejn\u00e9 jako v\u00a0\u010cR, tedy p\u011bt procent (koalice maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hranici). Oproti \u010cR je rozd\u00edl v\u00a0tom, \u017ee v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku nejsou preferen\u010dn\u00ed hlasy pro zm\u011bnu po\u0159ad\u00ed kandid\u00e1t\u016f. Hlasy se p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u2019Hondtovou metodou, kter\u00e1 se do roku 2021\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvala i\u00a0v \u010desk\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch do Sn\u011bmovny.<\/p>\n

Jednomand\u00e1tov\u00e9 obvody zv\u00fdhod\u0148uj\u00ed siln\u00e9 strany a\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku trestaj\u00ed rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bnou opozici. To je je\u0161t\u011b zv\u00fdrazn\u011bno t\u00edm, \u017ee \u201ep\u0159eb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed hlasy\u201c v\u00edt\u011bz\u016f (t\u00f6red\u00e9kszavazatok) v\u00a0jednomand\u00e1tov\u00fdch obvodech jsou p\u0159i\u010dteny do voleb z\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edch listin. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, od celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu z\u00edskan\u00fdch hlas\u016f v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta se ode\u010dte po\u010det hlas\u016f, kter\u00fd z\u00edskal druh\u00fd kandid\u00e1t, a\u00a0to jsou hlasy \u201enav\u00edc\u201c, kter\u00e9 nebyly pot\u0159eba k\u00a0v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. Ty se p\u0159i\u010dtou stran\u011b v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta v\u00a0druh\u00e9m typu voleb, ve volb\u00e1ch z\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edch listin. <\/p>\n

Propadl\u00e9 hlasy pora\u017een\u00fdch kandid\u00e1t\u016f z\u00a0jednomand\u00e1tov\u00fdch obvod\u016f se p\u0159ipo\u010dtou stran\u011b dan\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta do pom\u011brn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti volby sice v\u0161echny, ale to v\u00a0praxi nevykompenzuje \u201ezisk mand\u00e1tu s\u00a0bonusem\u201c pro v\u00edt\u011bze. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>Hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed Ma\u010far\u016f doma a\u00a0v zahrani\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n

Voli\u010d s\u00a0bydli\u0161t\u011bm v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku m\u00e1 standardn\u011b dva hlasy: (a) pro kandid\u00e1ta v\u00a0jednomand\u00e1tov\u00e9m obvodu a (b) pro stranickou listinu.<\/p>\n

Ob\u010dan bez bydli\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku hlasuje pouze pro stranickou listinu. Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed tak neovliv\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jednomand\u00e1tov\u00e9 obvody. Tento typ volby se t\u00fdk\u00e1 po\u010detn\u00e9 skupiny etnick\u00fdch Ma\u010far\u016f v\u00a0sousedn\u00edch zem\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed se z\u00a0historick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f ocitli mimo hranice Ma\u010farska. V\u00a0roce 2022\u00a0podle Reuters 94\u00a0procent t\u011bchto hlas\u016f \u0161lo Fideszu. <\/p>\n

Hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch men\u0161in<\/p>\n

Specificky je upraven re\u017eim voli\u010d\u016f z\u00a0n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch men\u0161in. Ob\u010dan zapsan\u00fd jako n\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed voli\u010d hlasuje pro kandid\u00e1ta ve sv\u00e9m jednomand\u00e1tov\u00e9m\u00a0obvodu a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 pro n\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed listinu. V\u00a0Ma\u010farsku \u017eije 13\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uznan\u00fdch men\u0161in, kam pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159. N\u011bmci, Slov\u00e1ci nebo Romov\u00e9. <\/p>\n

N\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed listiny nekandiduj\u00ed jako politick\u00e9 strany, ale jako listiny n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch samospr\u00e1v. Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed mand\u00e1tu maj\u00ed zv\u00fdhodn\u011bnou kv\u00f3tu, nikoli b\u011b\u017enou p\u011btiprocentn\u00ed klauzuli. Pokud mand\u00e1t nez\u00edskaj\u00ed, zastupuje je v\u00a0parlamentu n\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed mluv\u010d\u00ed (sz\u00f3sz\u00f3l\u00f3), kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee vystupovat, ale nem\u016f\u017ee volit a\u00a0hlasovat. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>Kdy byl p\u0159ijat sou\u010dasn\u00fd volebn\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/p>\n

V roce 2010\u00a0Fidesz v\u00a0parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch zv\u00edt\u011bzil natolik, \u017ee mohl p\u0159ijmout novou \u00fastavu (Alapt\u00f6rv\u00e9ny). Reformu volebn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu z\u00a0let 2011\u00a0a\u017e 2012 (a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed volebn\u00ed procedur\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy) si tak navrhl \u201ena m\u00edru\u201c. Zru\u0161eno bylo\u00a0d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch 386\u00a0mand\u00e1t\u016f, zru\u0161eny byly dvoukolov\u00e9 volby a\u00a0p\u0159eps\u00e1na byla i\u00a0mapa obvod\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b Fidesz zavedl syst\u00e9m v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdch p\u0159ebytk\u016f. Zm\u011bna volebn\u00edho z\u00e1kona z\u00a0roku 2020\u00a0d\u00e1l zt\u00ed\u017eila situaci rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 opozici, proto\u017ee zp\u0159\u00edsnila podm\u00ednky pro pod\u00e1n\u00ed celost\u00e1tn\u00ed kandid\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n

Stranick\u00fd syst\u00e9m a\u00a0hlavn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159iOrb\u00e1n\u016fv blok: Fidesz a\u00a0KDNP<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed blok tvo\u0159\u00ed od roku 2010\u00a0aliance Fidesz\u2013KDNP, kter\u00e1 je form\u00e1ln\u011b koalic\u00ed dvou odd\u011blen\u00fdch stran. V\u00a0praxi jde o\u00a0siln\u011b asymetrick\u00e9 partnerstv\u00ed: Fidesz Viktora Orb\u00e1na je dominantn\u00ed mocensk\u00e1 s\u00edla, zat\u00edmco KDNP funguje jako men\u0161\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165anskodemokratick\u00fd partner, kter\u00fd koalici dod\u00e1v\u00e1 ideologick\u00e9 a\u00a0person\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

KDNP je zkratka strany Kereszt\u00e9nydemokrata N\u00e9pp\u00e1rt, neboli K\u0159es\u0165anskodemokratick\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 strany, a\u00a0jej\u00ed p\u0159edseda Zsolt Semj\u00e9n je v\u00a0Orb\u00e1nov\u011b kabinetu m\u00edstop\u0159edsedou vl\u00e1dy a\u00a0ministrem bez portfeje.<\/p>\n

Kter\u00e9 strany stoj\u00ed proti Orb\u00e1noviTISZA: Dnes hlavn\u00ed opozi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edla kolem P\u00e9tera Magyara, je sp\u00ed\u0161 st\u0159edoprav\u00e1 a\u017e konzervativn\u00ed opozi\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edla ne\u017e klasick\u00e1 liber\u00e1ln\u00ed opozice. Na rozd\u00edl od Orb\u00e1na je ale proevropsk\u00e1. Klade d\u016fraz na boj s korupc\u00ed. Demokratick\u00e1 koalice (DK): Zaveden\u00e1 liber\u00e1ln\u011b-levicov\u00e1, proevropsk\u00e1 opozice. Nedok\u00e1zala v\u0161ak prorazit a jej\u00ed voli\u010dsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l se vy\u010derpal.Momentum: Liber\u00e1ln\u00ed, proevropsk\u00e1 strana, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na m\u011bstsk\u00e9 a mlad\u00e9 voli\u010de, mimo ne\u017e ale nedok\u00e1zala prorazit. Jobbik: D\u0159\u00edve siln\u00e1 pravicov\u00e1 opozi\u010dn\u00ed strana, p\u016fvodn\u011b radik\u00e1ln\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se pozd\u011bji pokusila o posun ke st\u0159edu a t\u00edm ztratila \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed identity i voli\u010d\u016f.MSZP: Socialist\u00e9, historick\u00e1 opozi\u010dn\u00ed strana, dnes u\u017e sp\u00ed\u0161 okrajov\u00e1. Vl\u00e1da MSZP v letech 2006-2010 byla tak nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed, \u017ee pomohla Orb\u00e1novi z\u00edskat \u00fastavn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu.Mi Haz\u00e1nk: Opozice z \u0159ad radik\u00e1ln\u00ed pravice; na rozd\u00edl od Orb\u00e1na maj\u00ed bl\u00ed\u017e k tvrd\u0161\u00edm protestn\u00edm a extremistick\u00fdm poloh\u00e1m.Dvouocas\u00fd pes (MKKP): Satirick\u00e1 protestn\u00ed strana, kter\u00e1 oslovuje \u010d\u00e1st antiestablishmentov\u00fdch a m\u011bstsk\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Co zde najdete:Jak se v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku vol\u00edHlasov\u00e1n\u00ed Ma\u010far\u016f doma a\u00a0v zahrani\u010d\u00edHlasov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodnostn\u00edch men\u0161inKdy byl p\u0159ijat sou\u010dasn\u00fd volebn\u00ed syst\u00e9mStranick\u00fd syst\u00e9m…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42228,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[2818,2819,2820,54,799,797,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-42227","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-fidesz-madarska-obcanska-unie","9":"tag-peter-magyar","10":"tag-respekt-a-svoboda-tisza","11":"tag-svet","12":"tag-viktor-orban","13":"tag-volby-v-madarsku","14":"tag-world","15":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116329261688652373","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42227","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42227"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42227\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}