{"id":4629,"date":"2026-02-22T17:20:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-22T17:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/4629\/"},"modified":"2026-02-22T17:20:12","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T17:20:12","slug":"evropa-ceka-chladny-a-destivy-zacatek-jara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/4629\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa \u010dek\u00e1 chladn\u00fd a\u00a0de\u0161tiv\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek jara"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Ni\u00f1a, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje ochlazen\u00edm povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Pacifiku, obvykle nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd vliv na po\u010das\u00ed v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, ale tentokr\u00e1t se zd\u00e1, \u017ee za\u010d\u00e1tek jara na kontinentu poznamen\u00e1, upozornil server Severe Weather Europe<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Meteorologick\u00e9 jaro trv\u00e1 od za\u010d\u00e1tku b\u0159ezna do konce kv\u011btna. U\u00a0takto dlouhodob\u00fdch p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed je velk\u00e1 m\u00edra nejistoty, modely ale mohou leccos nazna\u010dit. <\/p>\n

Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek tohoto obdob\u00ed p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed nad Evropou oblast n\u00edzk\u00e9ho tlaku vzduchu a\u00a0oblast vysok\u00e9ho tlaku daleko na severu. To je typick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f na ja\u0159e po konci La Ni\u00f1y, jak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00a0dat z\u00a0minulosti.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Foto: ECMWF<\/p>\n

ENSO se podle p\u0159edpov\u011bdi letos dostane do f\u00e1ze El Ni\u00f1o<\/p>\n

Oblast n\u00edzk\u00e9ho tlaku vzduchu p\u0159inese zv\u00fd\u0161enou vlhkost z\u00a0Atlantiku a\u00a0St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e, co\u017e p\u0159inese v\u00edce sr\u00e1\u017eek do z\u00e1padn\u00ed, st\u0159edn\u00ed a\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed Evropy.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdzy teplot p\u0159i podobn\u00fdch situac\u00edch v\u00a0minulosti pak ukazuj\u00ed v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0koncem La Ni\u00f1i tendenci chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho b\u0159ezna v\u00a0Evrop\u011b. <\/p>\n

El Ni\u00f1o\u00a0\u2013 Ji\u017en\u00ed oscilace (ENSO)<\/p>\n

El Ni\u00f1o\u00a0\u2013 Ji\u017en\u00ed oscilace (ENSO) je nepravideln\u00fd periodick\u00fd jev ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed oblasti tropick\u00e9ho Pacifiku, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u011b povrchov\u00fdch teplot mo\u0159e a\u00a0naru\u0161en\u00ed Walkerovy cirkulace, b\u011bhem n\u00ed\u017e m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0oslaben\u00ed, nebo dokonce obr\u00e1cen\u00ed pas\u00e1t\u016f. To m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vliv nejen na region\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale i\u00a0na celosv\u011btov\u00e9 klima. F\u00e1zi ENSO ur\u010dujeme podle teplotn\u00edch anom\u00e1li\u00ed (teplej\u0161\u00ed nebo chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed) v\u00a0oblasti mezi 120\u00b0 a\u00a0180\u00b0 z\u00e1padn\u00ed d\u00e9lky. <\/p>\n

El Ni\u00f1o je tepl\u00e1 f\u00e1ze ENSO, kter\u00e1 nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se povrchov\u00e9 vody v\u00a0Tich\u00e9m oce\u00e1nu u\u00a0rovn\u00edku v\u00fdznamn\u011b oh\u0159ej\u00ed. Nav\u00edc rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u011btry tla\u010d\u00ed teplou vodu sm\u011brem na v\u00fdchod, tedy opa\u010dn\u00fdm sm\u011brem ne\u017e obvykle. Tento jev naru\u0161uje b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vzory atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 cirkulace, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady na po\u010das\u00ed. B\u011bhem El Ni\u00f1a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0siln\u00fdm sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech (nap\u0159. Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerika) a\u00a0suchu v\u00a0jin\u00fdch (nap\u0159. Austr\u00e1lie a\u00a0jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie). Jev se objevuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fdch 2\u20137\u00a0let.<\/p>\n

La Ni\u00f1a je studen\u00e1 f\u00e1ze ENSO, kter\u00e1 je opakem El Ni\u00f1a. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00ed k\u00a0ochlazen\u00ed povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu a\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u011btry tla\u010d\u00ed teplou vodu naopak siln\u011bji sm\u011brem na z\u00e1pad. Tento jev posiluje b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vzory atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 cirkulace, co\u017e tak\u00e9 vede ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edm dopad\u016fm na po\u010das\u00ed. La Ni\u00f1a zp\u016fsobuje sucho v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe, zat\u00edmco v\u00a0Austr\u00e1lii, jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed intenzivn\u00ed de\u0161t\u011b a\u00a0z\u00e1plavy.<\/p>\n

Nebude to tak divn\u00e9, proto\u017ee z\u00e1v\u011br zimy se teplotn\u011b vyda\u0159\u00ed – zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00ed a\u00a0st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b doprovod\u00ed konec \u00fanora velmi nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty, kter\u00e9 mohou stoupat a\u017e k\u00a020\u00a0\u00b0C. <\/p>\n

Velk\u00e9 mrazy u\u017e se v\u00a0b\u0159eznu ne\u010dekaj\u00ed. Kombinace chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vzduchu a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek ale bude m\u00edt vliv na mo\u017enost sn\u011b\u017een\u00ed na za\u010d\u00e1tku jara, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1le p\u0159ekvapit severn\u00ed, st\u0159edn\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy.<\/p>\n

Foto: severe-weather.eu\/ECMWF<\/p>\n

B\u0159ezen by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u00a0Evrop\u011b d\u00edky vlivu La Ni\u00f1a je\u0161t\u011b chladn\u00fd<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e start jara lze \u010dekat sp\u00ed\u0161 chladn\u00fd, jako celek by toto obdob\u00ed podle modelov\u00fdch odhad\u016f m\u011blo b\u00fdt teplotn\u011b kolem norm\u00e1lu, nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e lehce nad norm\u00e1lem. To zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy. <\/p>\n

Rozlo\u017een\u00ed tlakov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f by ov\u0161em mohlo i\u00a0v\u00a0dubnu a\u00a0kv\u011btnu z\u016fstat podobn\u00e9 jako v\u00a0b\u0159eznu, a\u00a0tak m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1le doch\u00e1zet k\u00a0pronik\u00e1n\u00ed chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vzduchu do Evropy a\u00a0po kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 obdob\u00ed tak mohou teploty spadnout i\u00a0na podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hodnoty. <\/p>\n

Foto: ECMWF<\/p>\n

Podle dlouhodob\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u011bdi by m\u011blo b\u00fdt jaro s\u00a0lehce nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi teplotami<\/p>\n

Na sr\u00e1\u017eky by mohlo b\u00fdt jaro celkem bohat\u00e9, nebo by minim\u00e1ln\u011b nem\u011blo b\u00fdt such\u00e9. D\u016fvodem je op\u011bt o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd vliv p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho n\u00edzk\u00e9ho tlaku vzduchu nad Evropou a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edliv vlhk\u00e9ho vzduchu z\u00a0Atlantiku. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"La Ni\u00f1a, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje ochlazen\u00edm povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0rovn\u00edkov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Pacifiku, obvykle nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd vliv na po\u010das\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4630,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[109,108,106,3499,255,1440,1441],"class_list":{"0":"post-4629","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-evropa","8":"tag-europa","9":"tag-europe","10":"tag-evropa","11":"tag-la-nina","12":"tag-pocasi","13":"tag-predpoved-pocasi","14":"tag-teploty"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4629\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}