{"id":46814,"date":"2026-04-06T08:49:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T08:49:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/46814\/"},"modified":"2026-04-06T08:49:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T08:49:18","slug":"osel-cz-prulom-v-evoluci-zivocichu-v-cine-objevili-prechod-mezi-ediakarou-a-kambriem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/46814\/","title":{"rendered":":: OSEL.CZ :: &#8211; Pr\u016flom v\u00a0evoluci \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f: V\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b objevili p\u0159echod mezi ediakarou a kambriem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u016flom v\u00a0evoluci \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f: V\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b objevili p\u0159echod mezi ediakarou a kambriem \u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=43964&amp;img=1_782.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Okno do d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Kredit: Xiaodong Wang.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/s_1_782.jpeg\" alt=\"Okno do d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Kredit: Xiaodong Wang.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Okno do d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Kredit: Xiaodong Wang.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e rozt\u00e1la Zem\u011b Sn\u011bhov\u00e1 koule (cca 635 mil. let), objevila se fauna ediakara (asi 610 mil. let). Ur\u010dit\u011b to jsou n\u011bjac\u00ed tvorov\u00e9, vizu\u00e1ln\u011b jsou okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed, ale nikdo po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nev\u00ed, co jsou vlastn\u011b za\u010d. Pak p\u0159i\u0161lo kambrium (prvn\u00ed jasn\u00e9 fosilie cca 535 mil. let), v\u00a0n\u011bm u\u017e nach\u00e1z\u00edme spoustu d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch skupin \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f. Jako by najednou explodovali do fosiln\u00edho z\u00e1znamu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=43965&amp;img=2_667.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u011bco jako Haootia, \u010dili ran\u00fd \u017eahavec? Kredit: Gaorong Li.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/s_2_667.jpeg\" alt=\"N\u011bco jako Haootia, \u010dili ran\u00fd \u017eahavec? Kredit: Gaorong Li.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u011bco jako Haootia, \u010dili ran\u00fd \u017eahavec? Kredit: Gaorong Li.<\/p>\n<p>Ediakarsk\u00e1 fauna a fauny kambria na sebe moc nenavazuj\u00ed, ale s\u00a0tou exploz\u00ed to nen\u00ed zase tak hork\u00e9. Existuj\u00ed sice pokusy hledat po\u010d\u00e1tky kambrick\u00fdch skupin v\u00a0ediaka\u0159e a zbytky ediakarsk\u00fdch tvor\u016f v\u00a0kambriu, ale oboj\u00ed bylo a\u017e doposud s\u00a0hodn\u011b otazn\u00edky. Te\u010f se to v\u0161echno radik\u00e1ln\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Gaorong Li, toho \u010dasu na Oxford University, a jeho kolegov\u00e9 ned\u00e1vno zaznamenali fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch a objevili faunu, kter\u00e1 vypad\u00e1 jako p\u0159echod mezi ediakarou a kambriem, pokud jde o typy \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f. Je to poprv\u00e9, kdy bylo nalezeno mnoho \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, doposud zn\u00e1m\u00fdch z\u00a0kambria, p\u0159ed form\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u010d\u00e1tkem kambria, a to spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u011b divn\u00fdmi tvory z\u00a0ediakary. Potvrzuje to v\u00fdsledky molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed fylogeneze, podle nich\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 kambrick\u00e1 exploze nebyly a hlavn\u00ed linie dne\u0161n\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f vznikly p\u0159ed kambriem.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=43966&amp;img=3_634.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"N\u011bjak\u00fd kambroernid, baz\u00e1ln\u00ed Ambulacraria? Kredit: Gaorong Li &amp; Xiaodong Wang.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/s_3_634.jpeg\" alt=\"N\u011bjak\u00fd kambroernid, baz\u00e1ln\u00ed Ambulacraria? Kredit: Gaorong Li &amp; Xiaodong Wang.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>N\u011bjak\u00fd kambroernid, baz\u00e1ln\u00ed Ambulacraria? Kredit: Gaorong Li &amp; Xiaodong Wang.<\/p>\n<p>Jedinou vadou na kr\u00e1se je \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1zev, na n\u011bm\u017e si lid\u00e9 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b budou l\u00e1mat jazyk, ale co se d\u00e1 d\u011blat, paleontologie je te\u010f do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry \u010d\u00ednskou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Nov\u011b objeven\u00e1 fauna se jmenuje \u0164ien-\u010dchuan (Jiangchuan Biota), podle stejnojmenn\u00e9ho okresu v provincii J\u00fcn-nan v jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 obdob\u00ed zhruba p\u0159ed 554 a\u017e 539 miliony let, tedy t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed hranic\u00ed kambria a cel\u00fdch prvohor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Je tam toho spousta, v\u010detn\u011b fakt divn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. Paleontology \u010dekaj\u00ed desetilet\u00ed pln\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy. U\u017e te\u010f se nap\u0159\u00edklad zd\u00e1, \u017ee tam jsou nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00ed druho\u00fast\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 (Deuterostomia), poprv\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00ed z\u00a0doby p\u0159ed kambriem. M\u011bli by tam b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1stupci linie Ambulacraria, kter\u00e1 dneska zahrnuje polostrunatce (Hemichordata) a ostnoko\u017ece (Echinodermata).<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Mnoho fosili\u00ed z \u0164ien-\u010dchuanu nese divn\u00e9 kombinace anatomick\u00fdch znak\u016f, kter\u00e9 se nepodobaj\u00ed ni\u010demu, co zn\u00e1me z\u00a0ediakary ani ni\u010demu z\u00a0kambria. Chutn\u00fdm bonusem pro paleontology je, \u017ee se fosilie v \u0164ien-\u010dchuanu zachovaly podobn\u011b jako v\u00a0legend\u00e1rn\u00edch kanadsk\u00fdch Burgess Shales, tedy do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry trojrozm\u011brn\u011b a s\u00a0anatomick\u00fdmi detaily. Je to doslova dar z\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch nebes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Video: The Jiangchuan Biota&#8230; complex animals in the Ediacaran?!<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Video: The Other Explosion You Should Know About<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Literatura<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ox.ac.uk\/news\/2026-04-03-spectacular-fossil-treasure-trove-pushes-back-origins-complex-animals\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Oxford University 3. 4. 2026.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.adu2291\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Science 392: 63\u201368.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Pr\u016flom v\u00a0evoluci \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f: V\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b objevili p\u0159echod mezi ediakarou a kambriem \u00a0 Okno do d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Kredit: Xiaodong&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":46815,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[17771,7121,17770,54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-46814","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-evoluce","9":"tag-ocean","10":"tag-paleontolog","11":"tag-svet","12":"tag-world","13":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116356904821304251","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46814"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46814\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}