{"id":49141,"date":"2026-04-08T15:04:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T15:04:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/49141\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T15:04:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T15:04:12","slug":"iran-zase-zastavuje-hormuz-nastroje-k-jeho-ochromeni-stale-ma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/49141\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdr\u00e1n zase zastavuje Hormuz. N\u00e1stroje k\u00a0jeho ochromen\u00ed st\u00e1le m\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1n sice uzav\u0159ely dvout\u00fddenn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed, jeho podm\u00ednkou je v\u0161ak \u201e\u00fapln\u00e9, okam\u017eit\u00e9 a\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u00ed\u201c Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu.<\/p>\n

Prezident Donald Trump sou\u010dasn\u011b ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee USA budou \u201epom\u00e1hat s\u00a0nahromad\u011bnou lodn\u00ed dopravou\u201c. \u201eDo\u010dk\u00e1me se spousty pozitivn\u00edch krok\u016f! Vyd\u011blaj\u00ed se velk\u00e9 pen\u00edze,\u201c uvedl na s\u00edti Truth Social<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 dodal, \u017ee americk\u00e9 s\u00edly budou v\u00a0oblasti \u201ez\u016fst\u00e1vat, aby zajistily, \u017ee v\u0161e prob\u011bhne hladce\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee pr\u016fliv um\u00ed kontrolovat<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n ale nem\u00e1 v\u00a0\u00famyslu<\/a> se kontroly nad kl\u00ed\u010dovou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed tepnou vzd\u00e1t. Pozastaven\u00e1 v\u00e1lka uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee vliv na Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv poskytuje Teher\u00e1nu mo\u017enost dramaticky m\u011bnit sv\u011btov\u00e9 ceny ropy, a\u00a0t\u00edm i\u00a0stabilitu glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky. Pro Teher\u00e1n tak jde o\u00a0d\u016fle\u017eitou vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u00e1ku do budoucna.<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Abb\u00e1s Arak\u010d\u00ed dal najevo<\/a>, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoli pr\u016fjezd bude i\u00a0b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed podm\u00edn\u011bn koordinac\u00ed s\u00a0\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fdmi ozbrojen\u00fdmi silami. Teher\u00e1n si tak fakticky nad\u00e1le n\u00e1rokuje roli regul\u00e1tora provozu.<\/p>\n

Co uk\u00e1zalo p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed:<\/a><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm sign\u00e1lem \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/a> je pl\u00e1n vyb\u00edrat spolu s\u00a0Om\u00e1nem poplatky za pr\u016fjezd, upozor\u0148uje CNN. Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv toti\u017e nen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vod, ale zhruba polovina pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0v\u00fdsostn\u00fdm vod\u00e1m \u00cdr\u00e1nu (fakticky tak jde p\u0159\u00edmo o\u00a0\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed), druh\u00e1 polovina pak Om\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n

Podle \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 agentury Tasn\u00edm maj\u00ed zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 poplatky sm\u011b\u0159ovat na pov\u00e1le\u010dnou obnovu zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e b\u011bhem konfliktu se objevily zpr\u00e1vy, \u017ee \u00cdr\u00e1n po\u017eaduje a\u017e dva miliony dolar\u016f za pr\u016fjezd jednoho tankeru. N\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, nap\u0159\u00edklad P\u00e1kist\u00e1n \u010di Indie, si nav\u00edc vyjednaly individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdjimky.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d Charg k\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzu nepom\u016f\u017ee<\/p>\n

V\u00a0praxi tak vznikl syst\u00e9m, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e Teher\u00e1n selektivn\u011b rozhoduje, kdo pr\u016flivem projede. Dok\u00e1\u017ee to i\u00a0d\u00edky kontrole nad mal\u00fdmi ostrovy v\u00a0Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu.<\/p>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu v\u00e1lky se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t spekulovalo o\u00a0mo\u017enosti, \u017ee by Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 mohli obsadit ostrov Charg, hlavn\u00ed \u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00fd exportn\u00ed uzel ropy, odkud poch\u00e1z\u00ed asi devades\u00e1t procent v\u00fdvozu. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd podnikly \u00fadery na vojensk\u00e9 c\u00edle na Chargu<\/a> a\u00a0prezident Trump p\u0159edt\u00edm hrozil jeho zni\u010den\u00edm \u010di obsazen\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u0160imon, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Ostrov Charg. <\/p>\n

Ani p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 dobyt\u00ed Chargu by ale automaticky neznamenalo otev\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016flivu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b naopak: takov\u00e1 operace by z\u0159ejm\u011b vy\u017eadovala zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed dopravn\u00ed tepny p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm pro vojensk\u00e9 lod\u011b.<\/p>\n

Charg toti\u017e le\u017e\u00ed hluboko v\u00a0Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu – zhruba 800\u00a0kilometr\u016f od Hormuzu. V\u00fdsadek americk\u00fdch oboj\u017eiveln\u00fdch sil, kter\u00e9 by z\u0159ejm\u011b byly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jak\u00e9koli pozemn\u00ed operace, by pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b musel nejd\u0159\u00edv p\u0159ekonat pr\u016fliv.<\/p>\n

\u201eProto si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee nejprve by mohlo doj\u00edt k\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016flivu,\u201c uvedl u\u017e p\u0159ed \u010dasem v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0\u00favahami o\u00a0americk\u00e9m v\u00fdsadku pro CNN b\u00fdval\u00fd plukovn\u00edk n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u011bchoty Mark Cancian, kter\u00fd v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti pracuje jako analytik v\u00a0think tanku Centrum pro strategick\u00e1 a\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed studia.<\/p>\n

Sedm d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch ostrov\u016f<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00fd kl\u00ed\u010d k\u00a0Hormuzu tak le\u017e\u00ed na \u0159et\u011bzci men\u0161\u00edch ostrov\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0pr\u016flivu. \u00cdr\u00e1n jich kontroluje des\u00edtky a\u00a0systematicky je prom\u011bnil v\u00a0siln\u011b opevn\u011bn\u00e9 body, jak popisuj\u00ed den\u00edk New York Times<\/a> (NYT), stanice CNN<\/a> nebo list The Wall Street Journal<\/a> (WSJ). <\/p>\n

\u201ePlavba Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem vy\u017eaduje dr\u017eet se ur\u010dit\u00e9 trasy. Ta vede mezi ostrovy, kter\u00e9 kontroluje \u00cdr\u00e1n,\u201c upozornil pro WSJ Josi Kupervaser, b\u00fdval\u00fd \u0161\u00e9f v\u00fdzkumu izraelsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky a\u00a0nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159editel institutu Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security.<\/p>\n

Zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli hraje sedm ostrov\u016f tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edch takzvanou obloukovou obranu \u00cdr\u00e1nu: Ab\u00fa M\u00fasa, Velk\u00fd Tunb, Mal\u00fd Tunb, Heng\u00e1m, Ke\u0161m, L\u00e1rak a\u00a0Hormuz. <\/p>\n

Foto: \u0160imon, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Sedm ostrov\u016f tvo\u0159\u00edc\u00edch takzvanou obloukovou obranu \u00cdr\u00e1nu. <\/p>\n

Experti En\u00e1j\u00e1toll\u00e1h Jazd\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0Ma Janzhe ve sv\u00e9 studii pro organizaci Canadian Center of Science and Education z\u00a0roku 2022\u00a0uvedli, \u017ee jejich pomysln\u00e9 propojen\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed linii, kter\u00e1 d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00cdr\u00e1nu strategickou p\u0159evahu nad bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed pr\u016flivu.<\/p>\n

Teher\u00e1n tyto ostrovy ozna\u010duje za \u201enepotopiteln\u00e9 letadlov\u00e9 lod\u011b\u201c a\u00a0vybavil je radary, raketami, p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00edmi drahami i\u00a0z\u00e1kladnami pro rychl\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dluny, popsali experti ve studii citovan\u00e9 CNN.<\/p>\n

Zejm\u00e9na trojice Ab\u00fa M\u00fasa, Velk\u00fd Tunb a\u00a0Mal\u00fd Tunb je podle expert\u016f kritick\u00e1. Kv\u016fli mal\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi nimi a\u00a0hloubce vody v\u00a0jinak p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b m\u011blk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu jsou \u201evelk\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 lod\u011b i\u00a0tankery nuceny proplouvat t\u011bsn\u011b kolem\u201c t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed ostrov\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podle zpr\u00e1vy think-tanku Foundation for Defense of Democracies Revolu\u010dn\u00ed gardy loni ozn\u00e1mily, \u017ee posiluj\u00ed svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost pr\u00e1v\u011b na t\u011bchto ostrovech.<\/p>\n

Foto: Gallo Images\/“USGS\/NASA, Getty Images<\/p>\n

Ab\u00fa M\u00fasa, Velk\u00fd Tunb a\u00a0Mal\u00fd Tunb. <\/p>\n

Podle analytika Carla Schustera<\/a>, b\u00fdval\u00e9ho \u0161\u00e9fa zpravodajsk\u00e9ho centra americk\u00e9ho Pacifick\u00e9ho velen\u00ed, strategick\u00e9 um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto ostrov\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00cdr\u00e1nu kontrolovat ve\u0161kerou lodn\u00ed dopravu.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm bodem je L\u00e1rak, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed jako centrum pro sledov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu.<\/p>\n

Max Meizlish z\u00a0Foundation for Defense of Democracies pro WSJ popsal, \u017ee ostrov p\u0159edstavuje \u201eopera\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 koridoru\u201c. \u00cdr\u00e1n odtud monitoruje lodn\u00ed dopravu a\u00a0podle analytik\u016f tak\u00e9 postupn\u011b p\u0159esm\u011broval plavbu bl\u00ed\u017ee ke sv\u00e9mu pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e svou kontrolu je\u0161t\u011b pos\u00edlil.<\/p>\n

Podle Cedrica Leightona, vojensk\u00e9ho analytika CNN, p\u0159edstavuje L\u00e1rak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed hrozbu: \u201e\u00cdr\u00e1n m\u016f\u017ee od\u0159\u00edznout v\u0161e, co pr\u016flivem proplouv\u00e1. Jde o\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd vojensk\u00fd c\u00edl.\u201c<\/p>\n

U\u017e p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00edm se mluvilo o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9m americk\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu na obsazen\u00ed t\u011bchto sedmi ostrov\u016f. Takov\u00e1 operace by ale byla mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rizikov\u00e1. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty by musely obsadit cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m ostrov\u016f, zni\u010dit podzemn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny a\u00a0\u010delit \u00fatok\u016fm z\u00a0\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 pevniny, upozor\u0148uj\u00ed NYT a\u00a0CNN. <\/p>\n

\u201eMus\u00ed je obsadit v\u0161echny,\u201c uvedl pro NYT Farzin Nadim\u00ed z\u00a0think tanku The Washington Institute. Pokud by se Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 rozhodli pro del\u0161\u00ed dr\u017een\u00ed ostrov\u016f, riskovali by nav\u00edc vysok\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty a\u00a0mo\u017enost vlekl\u00e9 opot\u0159ebov\u00e1vac\u00ed v\u00e1lky.<\/p>\n

Foto: Ren\u00e9 Matou\u0161, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv. <\/p>\n

Ani \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 operace by p\u0159itom nezaru\u010dila n\u00e1vrat lodn\u00ed dopravy. \u201eJe t\u0159eba ujistit n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edky, lodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti i\u00a0poji\u0161\u0165ovny, \u017ee je dostate\u010dn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 tudy proplouvat,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Andreas Krieg z\u00a0King\u2019s College v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b. Bez t\u00e9to d\u016fv\u011bry z\u016fstane pr\u016fliv omezen\u00fd bez ohledu na vojenskou situaci.<\/p>\n

Z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed paradox sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee se form\u00e1ln\u011b jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0krok ke stabilizaci, \u00cdr\u00e1n si fakticky udr\u017euje kontrolu nad Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm s\u00edt\u011b mal\u00fdch, ale strategicky kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ostrov\u016f.<\/p>\n