{"id":50312,"date":"2026-04-09T17:51:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T17:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/50312\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T17:51:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T17:51:12","slug":"hormuz-neni-cerne-more-zopakovat-ukrajinsky-boj-proti-blokade-by-bylo-slozite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/50312\/","title":{"rendered":"Hormuz nen\u00ed \u010cern\u00e9 mo\u0159e. Zopakovat ukrajinsk\u00fd boj proti blok\u00e1d\u011b by bylo slo\u017eit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zat\u00edmco administrativa\u00a0americk\u00e9ho prezidenta Donalda Trumpa hled\u00e1 cestu, jak bez nasazen\u00ed pozemn\u00edch sil znovu doc\u00edlit \u00fapln\u00e9ho otev\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu, do pop\u0159ed\u00ed se vrac\u00ed zku\u0161enost z\u00a0roku 2022. <\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b dohoda mezi Ukrajinou a\u00a0Ruskem, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla obnovit v\u00fdvoz obil\u00ed z\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e. Pr\u00e1v\u011b ona dnes slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edklad, kdy diplomacie ve v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na sv\u00e9 limity a\u00a0mus\u00ed ji doplnit s\u00edla, napsal den\u00edk Wall Street Journal<\/a> (WSJ).<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi lety vznikla po m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed iniciativa, je\u017e do\u010dasn\u011b odblokovala kl\u00ed\u010dovou \u010dernomo\u0159skou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed trasu. Pozd\u011bji se ov\u0161em uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 dohoda nesta\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0k\u00a0jej\u00edmu faktick\u00e9mu napln\u011bn\u00ed bylo nakonec zapot\u0159eb\u00ed zm\u011bnit situaci na boji\u0161ti.<\/p>\n

Zlom p\u0159i\u0161el a\u017e v\u00a0roce 2024, kdy ukrajinsk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed drony zatla\u010dily ruskou flotilu mimo hlavn\u00ed trasy. Z\u00a0toho je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee dohody mohou otev\u0159\u00edt dve\u0159e, ale bez bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed garance je nedok\u00e1\u017eou udr\u017eet, poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 WSJ. <\/p>\n

Na tuto zku\u0161enost upozornil i\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00fd ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u00a0Andrij Sybiha. Podle n\u011bj si \u201eteroristick\u00e9 re\u017eimy p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy\u201c a\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1n se pou\u010dil z\u00a0rusk\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9m mo\u0159i.<\/p>\n

Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv, j\u00edm\u017e p\u0159ed \u00fanorov\u00fdm za\u010d\u00e1tkem americko-izraelsk\u00e9ho \u00fatoku na \u00cdr\u00e1n proch\u00e1zela zhruba p\u011btina sv\u011btov\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek ropy, dnes \u010del\u00ed faktick\u00e9 blok\u00e1d\u011b ze strany Teher\u00e1nu. Ten vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kombinaci dron\u016f, raket a\u00a0rychl\u00fdch \u010dlun\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e bez form\u00e1ln\u00edho uzav\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016flivu destabilizuje glob\u00e1ln\u00ed trhy.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 unie se pokusila hledat inspiraci pr\u00e1v\u011b na v\u00fdchod\u011b Evropy. Minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc \u0161\u00e9fka zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky Evropsk\u00e9 unie Kaja Kallasov\u00e1 uvedla, \u017ee s\u00a0gener\u00e1ln\u00edm tajemn\u00edkem OSN Ant\u00f3niem Guterresem, kter\u00fd zm\u00edn\u011bnou dohodu p\u0159ed lety pom\u00e1hal zprost\u0159edkovat, diskutovala o\u00a0mo\u017enosti zopakovat model z\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e i\u00a0v Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu.<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n v\u0161ak trv\u00e1 na restriktivn\u00edm re\u017eimu pr\u016fjezdu a\u00a0po\u017eaduje poplatky<\/a>, \u010d\u00edm\u017e fakticky legitimizuje kontrolu nad strategickou tepnou.<\/p>\n

Teher\u00e1nu nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 i\u00a0geografick\u00fd p\u016fdorys pr\u016flivu. Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv je \u00fazk\u00fd, p\u0159ehledn\u00fd a\u00a0zraniteln\u00fd prostor, kde by doprovod tanker\u016f znamenal vysok\u00e9 riziko eskalace. Na rozd\u00edl od \u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e nespol\u00e9h\u00e1 prim\u00e1rn\u011b na flotilu, ale na prost\u0159edky rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Plavidla z\u00e1rove\u0148 mus\u00ed proplouvat okolo \u0159et\u011bzce men\u0161\u00edch ostrov\u016f. T\u011bch \u00cdr\u00e1n kontroluje des\u00edtky a\u00a0systematicky je prom\u011bnil v\u00a0siln\u011b opevn\u011bn\u00e9 body, jak krom\u011b WSJ popisuj\u00ed den\u00edk\u00a0The New York Times<\/a>\u00a0(NYT) \u010di televize CNN<\/a>. <\/p>\n

U\u017e p\u0159ed st\u0159ede\u010dn\u00edm uzav\u0159en\u00edm dvout\u00fddenn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed se mluvilo o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9m americk\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu na obsazen\u00ed sedmi z\u00a0t\u011bchto ostrov\u016f, \u0161lo by ale o\u00a0mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b riskantn\u00ed operaci. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty by podle zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed musely z\u00edskat kontrolu nad cel\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ostrov\u016f, zni\u010dit podzemn\u00ed z\u00e1kladny a\u00a0\u010delit \u00fatok\u016fm z\u00a0\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9 pevniny.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Kombinace diplomacie a\u00a0vojensk\u00e9ho tlaku<\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00fd prezident\u00a0Volodymyr Zelenskyj\u00a0p\u0159ed \u010dasem p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee samotn\u00e9 otev\u0159en\u00ed koridoru je jen prvn\u00ed krok. \u201eNejde jen o\u00a0odblokov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i\u00a0o jeho udr\u017een\u00ed, nastaven\u00ed pravidel a\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ochrany,\u201c \u0159ekl b\u011bhem cesty na Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b absence t\u011bchto faktor\u016f vedla k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed obiln\u00e1 dohoda po roce zkolabovala. Rusko za\u010dalo blokovat inspekce a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b ji odm\u00edtlo prodlou\u017eit, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se export op\u011bt zastavil.<\/p>\n

Kyjev tehdy improvizoval, vyu\u017eil \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed trasy, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak byly dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0kapacitn\u011b omezen\u00e9. A\u017e kombinace diplomacie a\u00a0vojensk\u00e9ho tlaku umo\u017enila n\u00e1vrat k\u00a0efektivn\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159eprav\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ukrajinci sice nab\u00eddli pomoc s\u00a0odblokov\u00e1n\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu, \u010dernomo\u0159sk\u00fd model ale navzdory paralel\u00e1m nelze jednodu\u0161e p\u0159en\u00e9st do Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu. Rozd\u00edln\u00e1 geografie i\u00a0vojensk\u00e9 kapacity znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee zat\u00edmco Ukrajina c\u00edlila na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed flotilu, \u00cdr\u00e1n operuje rozpt\u00fdlen\u011b a\u00a0asymetricky, upozor\u0148uje WSJ.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n

To z\u00e1sadn\u011b komplikuje jak\u00fdkoli pokus o\u00a0vojensk\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bez \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed eskalace. N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed doprovody by v\u00a0\u00fazk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu mohly situaci sp\u00ed\u0161e zhor\u0161it ne\u017e stabilizovat. Zku\u0161enost z\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e ukazuje, \u017ee v\u00a0konfliktn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed diplomacie sama o\u00a0sob\u011b nesta\u010d\u00ed. Funguje pouze tehdy, pokud je podlo\u017eena schopnost\u00ed vynutit jej\u00ed dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 lo\u010fstvo, letectvo a\u00a0vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u016fstanou nasazeny v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti \u00cdr\u00e1nu a\u017e do doby, ne\u017e bude uzav\u0159ena a\u00a0pln\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1na skute\u010dn\u00e1 m\u00edrov\u00e1 dohoda. Na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti to ve st\u0159edu pozd\u011b ve\u010der napsal americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump.<\/p>\n

Pro sou\u010dasnou krizi v\u00a0Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu to znamen\u00e1 jedin\u00e9: bez zm\u011bny mocensk\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy z\u016fstane jak\u00e1koli dohoda k\u0159ehk\u00e1. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b to je hlavn\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 si dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u011bt z\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti m\u016f\u017ee odn\u00e9st.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zat\u00edmco administrativa\u00a0americk\u00e9ho prezidenta Donalda Trumpa hled\u00e1 cestu, jak bez nasazen\u00ed pozemn\u00edch sil znovu doc\u00edlit \u00fapln\u00e9ho otev\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":50313,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[4495,6387,7825,10105,6131,18603,54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-50312","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-blizky-vychod","9":"tag-hormuzsky-pruliv","10":"tag-konflikt-usa-izrael-iran","11":"tag-lodni-doprava","12":"tag-persky-zaliv","13":"tag-plavidlo","14":"tag-svet","15":"tag-world","16":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116376022772084069","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50312"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50312\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50313"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}