{"id":55896,"date":"2026-04-15T16:52:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T16:52:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/55896\/"},"modified":"2026-04-15T16:52:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T16:52:07","slug":"evropa-se-pod-hrozbou-dalsi-energeticke-krize-snazi-urychlit-vyvoj-malych-reaktoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/55896\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropa se pod hrozbou dal\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00e9 krize sna\u017e\u00ed urychlit v\u00fdvoj mal\u00fdch reaktor\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Konflikt na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b op\u011bt rozproudil debatu o budoucnosti evropsk\u00e9 energetiky<\/a>.\u00a0Velk\u00e1 pozornost sm\u011b\u0159uje i k mal\u00fdm modul\u00e1rn\u00edm reaktor\u016fm (SMR). Jejich zast\u00e1nci v nich vid\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pro datov\u00e1 centra, jejich\u017e po\u017eadavky na elekt\u0159inu rychle rostou. Skeptici ale tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee dokud nebudou prvn\u00ed projekty skute\u010dn\u011b funk\u010dn\u00ed, je t\u0159eba dr\u017eet se s pl\u00e1ny na vyu\u017eit\u00ed mal\u00fdch blok\u016f p\u0159i zemi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Technologii SMR je siln\u011b naklon\u011bna nap\u0159\u00edklad britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 zku\u0161enosti se zdlouhavou v\u00fdstavbou velk\u00fdch reaktor\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena, \u017ee v\u00e1lka v \u00cdr\u00e1nu je dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou nutnosti urychlit p\u0159echod zem\u011b od fosiln\u00edch paliv k \u010dist\u00fdm dom\u00e1c\u00edm zdroj\u016fm. Tento t\u00fdden vl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace Great British Energy \u2013 Nuclear\u00a0podepsala dohodu<\/a>\u00a0se spole\u010dnost\u00ed Rolls-Royce SMR, spoluvlastn\u011bnou \u010deskou energetickou firmou \u010cEZ, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje okam\u017eit\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed prac\u00ed na dod\u00e1vce t\u0159\u00ed mal\u00fdch modul\u00e1rn\u00edch reaktor\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n

St\u00e1t budou v lokalit\u011b Wylfa na ostrov\u011b Anglesey v severn\u00edm Walesu a m\u011bly by dodat dostatek energie pro nap\u00e1jen\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed milion\u016f dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed po \u0161est dek\u00e1d. \u201eV dob\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nestability je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd miln\u00edk pro energetickou bezpe\u010dnost Brit\u00e1nie,\u201c konstatoval ministr energetiky Ed Miliband. \u201eV kontextu, v jak\u00e9m se dnes nach\u00e1z\u00edme, to ukazuje, jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je takov\u00e1 smlouva a takov\u00e1 technologie,\u201c komentovala krok i ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Rachel Reevesov\u00e1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Polsko chce mal\u00e9 reaktory na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech<\/p>\n

Firma p\u0159itom zd\u016fraznila i sv\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 ambice. \u201eS pl\u00e1ny na a\u017e \u0161est dal\u0161\u00edch blok\u016f v \u010cesku toto ozn\u00e1men\u00ed \u010din\u00ed z Rolls-Royce SMR jedinou spole\u010dnost s v\u00edcen\u00e1sobn\u00fdmi z\u00e1vazky v Evrop\u011b,\u201c\u00a0podotkl<\/a>\u00a0jej\u00ed \u0161\u00e9f Chris Cholerton. Prvn\u00ed z nich by m\u011bl vzniknout vedle Jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Temel\u00edn p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v polovin\u011b t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nejde p\u0159itom o jedin\u00fd evropsk\u00fd pokrok v oblasti mal\u00fdch reaktor\u016f b\u011bhem sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho konfliktu, kter\u00fd omezil dostupnost \u010d\u00e1sti fosiln\u00edch paliv v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. V Polsku na za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna spole\u010dnost SGE\u00a0dojednala<\/a>\u00a0s firmami Polimex Mostostal a ATEC Group memorandum o spolupr\u00e1ci ve v\u00fdvoji a nasazen\u00ed mal\u00fdch modul\u00e1rn\u00edch reaktor\u016f ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se designu BWRX-300, vyvinut\u00e9ho spole\u010dnost\u00ed GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Vlajkov\u00fd projekt bude v Polsku, kde SGE spole\u010dn\u011b s energetick\u00fdm gigantem Orlen p\u0159ipravuje t\u0159i samostatn\u00e9 lokality: W\u0142oc\u0142awek ve st\u0159edn\u00edm Polsku, Ostro\u0142\u0119ka na severov\u00fdchod\u011b a Stawy Monowskie na jihu zem\u011b. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee prvn\u00ed blok bude dokon\u010den do roku 2032. Polsk\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd institut (PIE) aktu\u00e1ln\u011b\u00a0vyzval<\/a>\u00a0k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed jasn\u00e9ho a stabiln\u00edho r\u00e1mce pro ve\u0159ejnou podporu investic do v\u00fdstavby men\u0161\u00edch blok\u016f. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za strategickou mo\u017enost, nikoli za kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu nedostatku kapacity.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 SMR Valleys s da\u0148ov\u00fdmi pob\u00eddkami<\/p>\n

\u0160\u00e9fka Evropsk\u00e9 komise Ursula von der Leyenov\u00e1 v b\u0159eznu p\u0159ipustila, \u017ee \u00fastup od j\u00e1dra na kontinentu byl chybn\u00fdm krokem. Brusel\u00a0p\u0159edstavil<\/a>\u00a0strategii k urychlen\u00ed v\u00fdvoje a zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed men\u0161\u00edch reaktor\u016f. \u201eLogika je velmi jasn\u00e1. Jakmile bude bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 je nasadit, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt snadn\u00e9 je nasadit v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b,\u201c uvedla von der Leyenov\u00e1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Brusel mal\u00e9 reaktory vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako vhodnou technologii ke kombinaci s obnoviteln\u00fdmi zdroji na cest\u011b k dekarbonizaci sedmadvac\u00edtky. Podot\u00fdk\u00e1, \u017ee oproti velk\u00fdm blok\u016fm maj\u00ed v\u00fdhodu v mo\u017enosti tov\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdroby a dovozu tak\u0159ka hotov\u00fdch produkt\u016f nebo jejich komponent\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo na m\u00edsto k fin\u00e1ln\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017ei.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eS dobrou koordinac\u00ed by mohly mobilizovat cel\u00e9 hodnotov\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d n\u011bkolika zem\u011bmi EU a r\u016fzn\u00fdmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi a st\u00e1t se jedn\u00edm z dal\u0161\u00edch velk\u00fdch projekt\u016f pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho rozvoje v Evrop\u011b,\u201c je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena Evropsk\u00e1 komise. Jej\u00ed projekce po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee celkov\u00e1 kapacita SMR v EU by mohla do roku 2050 dos\u00e1hnout 17 a\u017e 53 gigawatt\u016f. Komise vyb\u00edz\u00ed zem\u011b ke spolupr\u00e1ci, koordinaci politik, zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed byrokracie a ochran\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho du\u0161evn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chce vytvo\u0159it podm\u00ednky k flotilov\u00e9 v\u00fdstavb\u011b, kter\u00e1 by umo\u017enila s\u00e9riovou v\u00fdrobu. Hovo\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 o mo\u017en\u00e9m vzniku geografick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, takzvan\u00fdch SMR Valleys, kde by fungovaly podp\u016frn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro v\u00fdrobu nebo mont\u00e1\u017e mal\u00fdch reaktor\u016f v\u010detn\u011b da\u0148ov\u00fdch pob\u00eddek.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Bavorsk\u00e1 laborato\u0159 jadern\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/p>\n

Francie, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd propag\u00e1tor velk\u00fdch i mal\u00fdch reaktor\u016f na kontinentu, v b\u0159eznu ozn\u00e1mila<\/a>\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed poradn\u00edho sboru FINABe, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 pomoci s financov\u00e1n\u00edm j\u00e1dra ve v\u0161ech podob\u00e1ch. \u201ePro mnoho zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zva\u017euj\u00ed nov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 programy, je nyn\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jako v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 technologie,\u201c podotkl u t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Claude Laruelle z energetick\u00e9ho gigantu EDF.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e1 francouzsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00a0pl\u00e1nuje<\/a>\u00a0m\u00edt v provozu alespo\u0148 t\u0159ic\u00edtku SMR do poloviny stolet\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed prototyp by m\u011bl b\u00fdt hotov\u00fd v roce 2035. Cesta k n\u011bmu ale nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1. EDF p\u0159ed \u010dasem uvedla, \u017ee v reakci na po\u017eadavky z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f upou\u0161t\u00ed od sv\u00fdch p\u016fvodn\u00edch inovativn\u00edch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f a bude se soust\u0159edit na existuj\u00edc\u00ed prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 technologie.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e1 debata o j\u00e1dru se v sou\u010dasnosti vede i v N\u011bmecku. Kancl\u00e9\u0159 Friedrich Merz (CDU)\u00a0dlouhodob\u011b pova\u017euje odstaven\u00ed reaktor\u016f v zemi za pochyben\u00ed,<\/a>\u00a0je v\u0161ak skeptick\u00fd ke zvratu. Bavorsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r z CSU Markus S\u00f6der v\u0161ak hovo\u0159\u00ed o tom, \u017ee by se bohat\u00e1 spolkov\u00e1 zem\u011b mohla st\u00e1t jadernou laborato\u0159\u00ed. \u201eJe \u010das na novou \u00e9ru jadern\u00e9 energie. Jadern\u00e1 energie 2.0 neznamen\u00e1 n\u00e1vrat ke star\u00e9 technologii, ale novou kapitolu bez d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b nov\u00e9 mal\u00e9 modul\u00e1rn\u00ed reaktory a jadern\u00e1 f\u00faze,\u201c citoval ho minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc Bild<\/a>.\u00a0Dodal, \u017ee Bavorsko je p\u0159ipraveno na pilotn\u00ed projekt.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Jsou v\u011b\u010dn\u011b ve v\u00fdvoji, argumentuj\u00ed odp\u016frci<\/p>\n

Naproti tomu soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie, koali\u010dn\u00ed partner CDU\/CSU, nechce nic sly\u0161et ani o reaktorech v miniverzi. \u201eTyto mal\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed ji\u017e des\u00edtky let, ale st\u00e1le nedo\u0161lo k pr\u016flomu a st\u00e1le se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed se zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm dotac\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl podle\u00a0Deutsche Welle<\/a>\u00a0(DW) ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Carsten Schneider.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Zest\u00e1tn\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>Zest\u00e1tn\u011bn\u00ed \u010cEZ startuje u\u017e v \u010dervnu. Jak m\u016f\u017ee vypadat a kolik dostanou men\u0161inov\u00ed akcion\u00e1\u0159i?<\/a><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00fdm optimismem ohledn\u011b brzk\u00e9ho rozjezdu mal\u00fdch reaktor\u016f p\u0159itom varuj\u00ed i odborn\u00edci. \u201eProjekty SMR v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm s velmi omezenou dostupnost\u00ed, v praxi jsou st\u00e1le hlavn\u011b v pilotn\u00edch a demonstra\u010dn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch,\u201c uvedl ve sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze i zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Polsk\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd institut.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Propag\u00e1to\u0159i obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f jsou v\u016f\u010di t\u011bmto technologi\u00edm mnohdy vylo\u017een\u011b nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee investice do nich jsou akor\u00e1t pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00edm prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt vyu\u017eity na slibn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eJadern\u00e1 energie nen\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00fdm partnerem pro syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch,\u201c \u0159ekl\u00a0DW<\/a>\u00a0Luke Haywood ze s\u00edt\u011b ekologick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed European Environmental Bureau. Takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m podle n\u011bj pot\u0159ebuje flexibilitu, tedy elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 rychle regulovat, a ne reaktory, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed b\u011b\u017eet neust\u00e1le, aby byly ekonomick\u00e9. \u201eV\u00fdstavba j\u00e1dra je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pomal\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drah\u00e1 a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 riskantn\u00ed. Mal\u00e9 modul\u00e1rn\u00ed reaktory jsou je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce pozadu: od nasazen\u00ed ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku jsou vzd\u00e1leny roky, ne-li desetilet\u00ed,\u201c dodal.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Konflikt na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b op\u011bt rozproudil debatu o budoucnosti evropsk\u00e9 energetiky.\u00a0Velk\u00e1 pozornost sm\u011b\u0159uje i k mal\u00fdm modul\u00e1rn\u00edm reaktor\u016fm…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":55897,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[150,491,109,108,106,249,571,4075,1009,117,476,10994,882,574,11737,19910],"class_list":{"0":"post-55896","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-evropa","8":"tag-energetika","9":"tag-energie","10":"tag-europa","11":"tag-europe","12":"tag-evropa","13":"tag-evropska-komise","14":"tag-evropska-unie","15":"tag-geopolitika","16":"tag-jadro","17":"tag-polsko","18":"tag-projekt","19":"tag-smr","20":"tag-technologie","21":"tag-ursula-von-der-leyenova","22":"tag-valka-v-iranu","23":"tag-vlada-spojeneho-kralovstvi"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116409764577354542","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55896\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}