{"id":57543,"date":"2026-04-17T08:29:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T08:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/57543\/"},"modified":"2026-04-17T08:29:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T08:29:11","slug":"mirotvurce-bez-zavazku-v-akci-cina-uchopila-roli-v-iranskem-konfliktu-po-svem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/57543\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00edrotv\u016frce bez z\u00e1vazk\u016f v\u00a0akci. \u010c\u00edna uchopila roli v\u00a0\u00edr\u00e1nsk\u00e9m konfliktu po sv\u00e9m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed USA s\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nem zprost\u0159edkoval P\u00e1kist\u00e1n, kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v\u00a0z\u00e1kulis\u00ed v\u0161ak sehr\u00e1l Peking, kter\u00fd se tak znovu pokou\u0161\u00ed profilovat jako glob\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00edrotv\u016frce\u00a0\u2013 av\u0161ak podle vlastn\u00edch pravidel. <\/p>\n

I p\u0159es \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou akci si \u010c\u00edna d\u00e1l udr\u017euje odstup\u00a0\u2013 p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed je st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 k\u0159ehk\u00e9, ter\u00e9n neprob\u00e1dan\u00fd a\u00a0riziko p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho zapojen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Obraz \u010c\u00edny jako\u017eto aktivn\u00ed a\u00a0\u201edosp\u011bl\u00e9\u201c velmoci se hod\u00ed i\u00a0dom\u00e1c\u00ed propagand\u011b. Nap\u0159\u00edklad nacionalistick\u00fd port\u00e1l Kuan-\u010dcha ned\u00e1vno citoval<\/a> zahrani\u010dn\u00ed m\u00e9dia a\u00a0napsal, \u017ee bez zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny, P\u00e1kist\u00e1nu a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed by k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u016fbec nedo\u0161lo. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 i\u00a0ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed linie Pekingu.<\/p>\n

O p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u00edce zde:<\/a><\/p>\n

Podle mluv\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho ministerstva zahrani\u010d\u00ed Peking \u201eaktivn\u011b usiloval\u201c o\u00a0ukon\u010den\u00ed konfliktu a\u00a0p\u0159ipomn\u011bla, \u017ee ministr zahrani\u010d\u00ed Wang I\u00a0uskute\u010dnil 26\u00a0telefon\u00e1t\u016f se sv\u00fdmi zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi prot\u011bj\u0161ky. \u201eJako odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 velmoc bude \u010c\u00edna i\u00a0nad\u00e1le hr\u00e1t konstruktivn\u00ed roli a\u00a0pozitivn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k\u00a0obnoven\u00ed m\u00edru a\u00a0klidu v\u00a0oblasti Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu a\u00a0na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b,\u201c uvedla<\/a> mluv\u010d\u00ed Mao Ning na tiskov\u00e9 konferenci.<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 strana tak doufala, \u017ee by \u010c\u00edna v\u00a0t\u00e9to dohod\u011b mohla vystupovat jako garant\u00a0\u2013 to v\u0161ak Peking v\u00a0soukrom\u00ed odm\u00edtl<\/a> s\u00a0odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na sv\u00e9 omezen\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0mediac\u00ed a\u00a0s c\u00edlem vyhnout se zapleten\u00ed do konfliktu.<\/p>\n

Role garanta by toti\u017e znamenala nejen dohled nad dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm dohody, ale i\u00a0ochotu vyv\u00edjet tlak \u010di uplat\u0148ovat sankce\u00a0\u2013 tedy z\u00e1vazky, kter\u00fdm se \u010c\u00edna dlouhodob\u011b vyh\u00fdb\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd z\u00e1vazek<\/p>\n

Podle \u0159editelky \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho programu v\u00a0think-tanku Stimson Center Yun Sun \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 pln\u00ed svou roli podle toho, co jim vyhovuje\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0Peking se ji sna\u017e\u00ed definovat velmi flexibiln\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201ePokud strany konfliktu vyj\u00e1d\u0159\u00ed souhlas a\u00a0vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010c\u00ednu, aby v\u00a0konfliktu zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1vala, ji\u017e se to nepova\u017euje za zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c uvedla pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy. Zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed tak v\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nen\u00ed \u201eintervenc\u00ed\u201c, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e formou \u201ezapojen\u00ed\u201c. <\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 dodala, \u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 role nikdy nen\u00ed zcela neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed. \u201eNeutralita je o\u0161emetn\u00fd pojem, d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je nestrannost. A\u00a0\u010c\u00edna m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nestrann\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di stran\u00e1m konfliktu,\u201c uvedla Yun Sun. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Jak pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy uvedl analytik a\u00a0\u0159editel Centra mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch studi\u00ed J. Masaryka Jeremy Garlick, \u010c\u00edna nevn\u00edm\u00e1, \u017ee by se odpov\u011bdnosti zbavovala, jen na sebe bere \u201eodpov\u011bdnost jin\u00e9ho druhu\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee se sna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it model m\u00edrov\u00e9ho, st\u00e1tem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho rozvoje, kter\u00fd by mohly n\u00e1sledovat ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b. Naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed to budov\u00e1n\u00edm \u201aspole\u010denstv\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 budoucnosti\u2018, co\u017e je jejich slogan. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee tento p\u0159\u00edstup t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b nejv\u00edce prosp\u00edv\u00e1 \u010c\u00edn\u011b,\u201c \u0159ekl pro SZ.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 podle n\u011bj up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee jejich alternativn\u00ed model glob\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u00a0ekonomick\u00e9ho rozvoje bude prosp\u00edvat i\u00a0partnersk\u00fdm zem\u00edm, kter\u00e9 se k\u00a0nim p\u0159ipoj\u00ed ve snaze vytvo\u0159it p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro vz\u00e1jemn\u011b v\u00fdhodnou spolupr\u00e1ci. \u201e\u010c\u00edna se sna\u017e\u00ed prosazovat model rozvoje, kter\u00fd maj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e n\u00e1sledovat, ne\u017e aby jim byl vnucov\u00e1n,\u201c dodal Garlick.<\/p>\n

Flexibiln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0odpov\u011bdnosti<\/p>\n

V ot\u00e1zce p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnosti by pak \u010c\u00edna mohla pouk\u00e1zat i\u00a0na z\u00e1padn\u00ed velmoci. <\/p>\n

\u201eChovaj\u00ed se USA jako odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 velmoc, kdy\u017e \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na \u00cdr\u00e1n a\u00a0un\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed prezidenta Venezuely v\u00a0rozporu s\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem? D\u011bl\u00e1 EU n\u011bco konstruktivn\u00edho nebo smyslupln\u00e9ho, aby prok\u00e1zala, \u017ee je odpov\u011bdnou velmoc\u00ed? Jsou ostatn\u00ed velmoci opravdu \u201azodpov\u011bdn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u2018 ne\u017e \u010c\u00edna? Nen\u00ed \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd dlouhodob\u00fd model autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho, shora \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9ho rozvoje\u00a0\u2013 i\u00a0kdy\u017e se mnoha lidem nel\u00edb\u00ed, proto\u017ee nen\u00ed demokratick\u00fd\u00a0\u2013 zodpov\u011bdn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem k\u00a0dosa\u017een\u00ed m\u00edru a\u00a0prosperity pro co nejv\u00edce lid\u00ed? V\u0161echno tohle si \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 mysl\u00ed,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Garlick.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 \u201eflexibilita\u201c ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 odhaluje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozpor jej\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu. Princip nezasahov\u00e1n\u00ed neopou\u0161t\u00ed, ale uplat\u0148uje selektivn\u011b podle toho, kde se prot\u00edn\u00e1 s\u00a0ekonomick\u00fdmi a\u00a0strategick\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy Pekingu. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech \u010c\u00edna zd\u016fraz\u0148uje suverenitu a\u00a0zdr\u017eenlivost, jinde aktivn\u011b vstupuje do diplomatick\u00fdch proces\u016f a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed se utv\u00e1\u0159et jejich v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edstup je patrn\u00fd i\u00a0v dal\u0161\u00edch regionech. V\u00a0Myanmaru \u010c\u00edna po vojensk\u00e9m p\u0159evratu v\u00a0roce 2021\u00a0opakovan\u011b zd\u016fraz\u0148ovala princip nezasahov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0blokovala tvrd\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed tlak na tamn\u00ed re\u017eim, z\u00e1rove\u0148 si v\u0161ak udr\u017euje \u00fazk\u00e9 vztahy s\u00a0vojenskou juntou a\u00a0pokra\u010duje v\u00a0infrastrukturn\u00edch a\u00a0energetick\u00fdch projektech.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rusk\u00e9 invaze na Ukrajinu Peking na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 k\u00a0respektov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed integrity st\u00e1t\u016f, z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale odm\u00edt\u00e1 Moskvu otev\u0159en\u011b kritizovat a\u00a0prohlubuje s\u00a0n\u00ed ekonomickou spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00fd vzorec lze sledovat i\u00a0v \u0159ad\u011b africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kde \u010c\u00edna deklaruje respekt k\u00a0suverenit\u011b, zat\u00edmco prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm investic a\u00a0p\u016fj\u010dek buduje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd politick\u00fd i\u00a0ekonomick\u00fd vliv.<\/p>\n

Dohody za zav\u0159en\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi<\/p>\n

Peking doned\u00e1vna reagoval zdr\u017eenliv\u011b i\u00a0na v\u00e1lku v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu. Odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, pro\u010d se \u010c\u00edna rozhodla do d\u011bn\u00ed vstoupit pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f, je pom\u011brn\u011b jasn\u00e1 a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pragmatick\u00e1. Peking se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b rozhodl ujmout role m\u00edrotv\u016frce, proto\u017ee v\u00e1lka v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu ohro\u017euje pro Si \u0164in-pchinga d\u016fle\u017eitou stabilitu. \u010c\u00edna pot\u0159ebuje stabiln\u00ed sv\u011btovou ekonomiku, nebo\u0165 se p\u0159i snaze o\u017eivit upadaj\u00edc\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed siln\u011b spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na prodej zbo\u017e\u00ed do cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

\u201ePokud se zbytek sv\u011bta za\u010dne ekonomicky zpomalovat kv\u016fli energetick\u00e9mu \u0161oku, bude to pro \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny a\u00a0v\u00fdvozce t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9,\u201c uvedl pro The Guardian<\/a> Matt Pottinger, p\u0159edseda \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho programu Nadace na obranu demokracie.<\/p>\n

Podle Jeremyho Garlicka pak nejde ani tak o\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed obrat, jako sp\u00ed\u0161 o\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 strategie Pekingu. \u010c\u00edna se sna\u017e\u00ed budovat partnerstv\u00ed s\u00a0co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem zem\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na s\u00a0t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 disponuj\u00ed strategick\u00fdmi surovinami. Stabilita, obchod a\u00a0investice jsou v\u00a0tomto pojet\u00ed n\u00e1strojem, jak posilovat vlastn\u00ed vliv.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201e\u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 r\u00e1di vedou diplomacii a\u00a0uzav\u00edraj\u00ed dohody za zav\u0159en\u00fdmi dve\u0159mi a\u00a0buduj\u00ed vliv u\u00a0elitn\u00edch skupin, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e aby v\u0161echny karty vylo\u017eili na st\u016fl na ve\u0159ejnosti, jak to maj\u00ed ve zvyku Ameri\u010dan\u00e9. Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0velmi odli\u0161n\u00fd styl ekonomick\u00e9 a\u00a0politick\u00e9 diplomacie ne\u017e ten, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na USA,\u201c uvedl Garlick pro SZ.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost ekonomick\u00e9 a\u00a0z\u00e1kulisn\u00ed diplomacii p\u0159ed otev\u0159en\u00fdm politick\u00fdm \u010di vojensk\u00fdm tlakem\u00a0\u2013 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 investice, infrastrukturu i\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje k\u00a0budov\u00e1n\u00ed vztah\u016f a\u00a0vlivu, ani\u017e by p\u0159eb\u00edrala p\u0159\u00edmou odpov\u011bdnost typickou pro tradi\u010dn\u00ed velmoci.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Tento model podle n\u011bj vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee dlouhodob\u00fd, st\u00e1tem \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd rozvoj m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt alternativou k\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edmu pojet\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace tak zapad\u00e1 do \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho kontextu \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiky. Peking se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech sna\u017e\u00ed profilovat jako diplomatick\u00e1 velmoc, posiluje svou roli v\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch instituc\u00edch a\u00a0nab\u00edz\u00ed zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0konfliktech od jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie po Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod.<\/p>\n

Rozpor s\u00a0dlouhodobou diplomatickou politikou Pekingu zalo\u017eenou na nezasahov\u00e1n\u00ed byl patrn\u00fd i\u00a0v minulosti<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0\u010c\u00edna zprost\u0159edkovala obnoven\u00ed diplomatick\u00fdch vztah\u016f mezi Sa\u00fadskou Ar\u00e1bi\u00ed a\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159isp\u011bla ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed. <\/p>\n

O\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji hostila jedn\u00e1n\u00ed palestinsk\u00fdch frakc\u00ed, jejich\u017e v\u00fdsledkem bylo alespo\u0148 deklarativn\u00ed vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vl\u00e1dy n\u00e1rodn\u00ed jednoty. V\u00a0obou p\u0159\u00edpadech \u0161lo sp\u00ed\u0161e o\u00a0diplomatick\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy ne\u017e o\u00a0hlubok\u00e9 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny, p\u0159esto pos\u00edlily obraz \u010c\u00edny jako relevantn\u00edho akt\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n

I tento p\u0159\u00edstup m\u00e1 ale sv\u00e9 limity. S\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdm partnerstv\u00edm se nepoj\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed z\u00e1ruky ani vojensk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost srovnateln\u00e1 se Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Zat\u00edmco USA maj\u00ed z\u00e1kladny po cel\u00e9m Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu, \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 infrastruktura v\u00a0regionu je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kladna v\u00a0D\u017eibuti slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm logistick\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b m\u00edrov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed USA s\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nem zprost\u0159edkoval P\u00e1kist\u00e1n, kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v\u00a0z\u00e1kulis\u00ed v\u0161ak sehr\u00e1l Peking, kter\u00fd se tak znovu pokou\u0161\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":57544,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[202,752,212,7825,998,54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-57543","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-cina","9":"tag-diplomacie","10":"tag-donald-trump","11":"tag-konflikt-usa-izrael-iran","12":"tag-si-tin-pching","13":"tag-svet","14":"tag-world","15":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116419111575884361","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57543\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}