{"id":58890,"date":"2026-04-18T17:22:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T17:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/58890\/"},"modified":"2026-04-18T17:22:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T17:22:11","slug":"pristi-tyden-nastane-maximum-meteorickeho-roje-lyridy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/58890\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed t\u00fdden nastane maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Lyridy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b dubna se m\u016f\u017eeme, dovol\u00ed-li to po\u010das\u00ed, pokochat rojem Lyrid. Na\u0161e Zem\u011b toti\u017e prol\u00e9t\u00e1 meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00edm proudem drobn\u00fdch prachov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic uvoln\u011bn\u00fdch v\u00a0minul\u00fdch stalet\u00edch z\u00a0j\u00e1dra komety C\/1861\u00a0G1 (Thatcher). Jejich radiant, tedy m\u00edsto, odkud na obloze zd\u00e1nliv\u011b vyl\u00e9taj\u00ed, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lyry, proto se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Lyridy. Tento roj ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b vrchol\u00ed kolem 22.\u00a0dubna.<\/p>\n

Nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed budou letos v\u00a0noci z\u00a022.\u00a0na 23.\u00a0dubna. Jak na sv\u00e9m webu uv\u00e1d\u00ed<\/a> Hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna a\u00a0planet\u00e1rium Brno, M\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0tuto dobu zapad\u00e1 u\u017e kolem p\u016flnoci. Jeliko\u017e radiant Lyrid (souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lyry) stoup\u00e1 vysoko nad obzor a\u017e v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci, bude obloha pro hlavn\u00ed sledov\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b tmav\u00e1 a\u00a0neru\u0161en\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm svitem.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e roj vrchol\u00ed v\u00a0no\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 22.\u00a0dubna (vrchol je p\u0159edpov\u011bzen na 21:40\u00a0SEL\u010c), jeho maximum nen\u00ed nijak ostr\u00e9 a\u00a0d\u00e1 se tedy sledovat jak v\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed, tak n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed noci. Nejv\u00edce meteor\u016f se uk\u00e1\u017ee v\u00a0noci 22.\/23.\u00a0dubna 2026.\u00a0Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je meteory z\u00a0Lyry vyhl\u00ed\u017eet v\u00a0\u010dasn\u00fdch rann\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b od 2.\u00a0hodiny do rozb\u0159esku, tedy v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy u\u017e je radiant v\u00a0souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lyry vysoko nad obzorem.<\/p>\n

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Roj nem\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysokou aktivitu, podle informac\u00ed<\/a> Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu Slezsk\u00e9 univerzity v\u00a0Opav\u011b obvykle okolo 18\u00a0meteor\u016f v\u00a0hodin\u011b (vz\u00e1cn\u011b ale m\u016f\u017ee kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b vystoupat nad 90\u00a0za hodinu, jako tomu bylo nap\u0159. v\u00a0letech 1922\u00a0\u010di 1982). V\u00a0roce 2026\u00a0nicm\u00e9n\u011b m\u00e1me velmi dobr\u00e9 pozorovac\u00ed podm\u00ednky, jeliko\u017e p\u0159i jeho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nebude p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ru\u0161it sv\u00fdm svitem M\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n

\u201eLyridy jsou sice m\u00e9n\u011b vydatn\u00e9 ne\u017e lednov\u00e9 Kvadrantidy nebo srpnov\u00e9 Perseidy, ale p\u00e1r kousk\u016f byste mohli zahl\u00e9dnout. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b si najd\u011bte m\u00edsto daleko od pouli\u010dn\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed s\u00a0dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdhledem na nebe,\u201c rad\u00ed d\u00e1le brn\u011bn\u0161t\u00ed astronomov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u201eK pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed je pot\u0159eba vybrat m\u00edsto alespo\u0148 50\u00a0kilometr\u016f od m\u011bst, ide\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00a0hor\u00e1ch nebo na vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch m\u00edstech s\u00a0dokonal\u00fdm v\u00fdhledem, nebo\u0165 meteory vyl\u00e9taj\u00ed ve sm\u011bru od souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Lyry n\u00e1hodn\u011b po cel\u00e9 obloze a\u00a0jsou pom\u011brn\u011b slab\u00e9. Z\u00a0m\u011bst prakticky nem\u00e1 v\u00fdznam roj sledovat\u00a0\u2013 z\u00e1\u0159 sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho smogu p\u0159esv\u00edt\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu meteor\u016f a\u00a0\u010dlov\u011bk uvid\u00ed jen jeden dva za celou noc,\u201c dopl\u0148uj\u00ed odborn\u00edci z\u00a0Opavy.<\/p>\n

Lyridy jsou jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejstar\u0161\u00edch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch meteorick\u00fdch roj\u016f. Prvn\u00ed z\u00e1znamy o\u00a0nich poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny z\u00a0roku 687\u00a0p\u0159. n. l., kdy kronik\u00e1\u0159i zapsali, \u017ee \u201ehv\u011bzdy padaly jako d\u00e9\u0161\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n

Srpen s\u00a0jeho astronomick\u00fdm \u201ednem D\u201c<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00edch pozoruhodn\u00fdch nebesk\u00fdch jev\u016f, tak kup\u0159\u00edkladu 9.\u00a0\u010dervna se nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy\u00a0\u2013 Venu\u0161e a\u00a0Jupiter\u00a0\u2013 na ve\u010dern\u00ed obloze p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na \u00fahlovou vzd\u00e1lenost jen zhruba t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch \u00fapl\u0148k\u016f vedle sebe.<\/p>\n

Pomysln\u00fdm astronomick\u00fdm \u201ednem D\u201c ale ur\u010dit\u011b bude 12.\u00a0srpen. Po roce a\u00a0p\u016fl se nad tuzemskem odehraje \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce.<\/p>\n

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\u201eDne 12.\u00a0srpna z\u00a0na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed uvid\u00edme ve\u010der \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce\u00a0\u2013 bude zakryto a\u017e necel\u00fdch 90\u00a0procent pr\u016fm\u011bru slune\u010dn\u00edho kotou\u010de. Zejm\u00e9na ve \u0160pan\u011blsku bude pozorovateln\u00e9 jako \u00fapln\u00e9,\u201c shrnul u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve pro Novinky Pavel Suchan z\u00a0Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR.<\/p>\n

P\u016fjde o\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce pozorovateln\u00e9 i\u00a0z Evropy od roku 1999, o\u00a0nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce pozorovateln\u00e9 ze st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy a\u017e do roku 2075\u00a0a\u00a0tak\u00e9 nejbl\u00ed\u017ee polo\u017een\u00e9 \u00fapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce k\u00a0\u010cesku a\u00a0Slovensku do roku 2081.\u00a0Jako \u00fapln\u00e9 bude pozorovateln\u00e9 v\u00a0\u00fazk\u00e9m p\u00e1su v\u00a0Gr\u00f3nsku, na Islandu a\u00a0hlavn\u011b ve \u0160pan\u011blsku.<\/p>\n

Foto: Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/ESO, Miloslav Druckm\u00fcller, Peter Aniol<\/p>\n

\u00dapln\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce n\u00edzko nad obzorem 2.\u00a0\u010dervence 2019.\u00a0Podobn\u00fd pohled se naskytne pozorovatel\u016fm ve \u0160pan\u011blsku 12.\u00a0srpna 2026.<\/p>\n

Na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed jev za\u010dne okolo 19:19\u00a0SEL\u010c, kdy se z\u00a0prav\u00e9ho spodn\u00edho okraje za\u010dne do slune\u010dn\u00edho disku \u201ezakusovat\u201c silueta tmav\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0novu. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce na v\u00fdchod se budeme nach\u00e1zet, t\u00edm pozd\u011bji \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 zatm\u011bn\u00ed za\u010dne a\u00a0t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b ze zatm\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 bude vid\u011bt. Maximum \u00fakazu prob\u011bhne kolem 20:11\u00a0SEL\u010c podle polohy pozorovatele, ne v\u0161ude ale bude viditeln\u00e9\u00a0\u2013 na v\u00fdchod\u011b \u010ceska a\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b Slovenska prob\u011bhne nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed u\u017e pod obzorem.<\/p>\n

Z d\u016fvodu zakryt\u00ed Slunce M\u011bs\u00edcem odspodu bude podle Petra Hor\u00e1lka z\u00a0opavsk\u00e9ho Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat dvoj\u00ed soumrak. \u201eV pr\u016fb\u011bhu maxima \u00fakazu nastane men\u0161\u00ed \u0161ero, po z\u00e1padu Slunce se op\u011bt obloha je\u0161t\u011b tro\u0161ku rozsv\u00edt\u00ed a\u00a0teprve potom za\u010dne prob\u00edhat klasick\u00fd soumrak,\u201c vysv\u011btlil.<\/p>\n

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Na zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce nav\u00edc bude navazovat maximum meteorick\u00e9ho roje Perseidy. V\u00a0roce 2026\u00a0by podle astronom\u016f m\u011bly nastat, nepokaz\u00ed-li to po\u010das\u00ed, jedny z\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednek k\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto roje za posledn\u00ed dv\u011b dek\u00e1dy. Nejv\u00edce meteor\u016f uvid\u00edme b\u011bhem maxima z\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd 12.\u00a0na st\u0159edu 13.\u00a0srpna, kdy m\u00e1 smysl roj sledovat celou noc. Za dobr\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci zaz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 50\u201380\u00a0meteor\u016f za hodinu.<\/p>\n

Na konci srpna se pak do\u010dk\u00e1me dal\u0161\u00edho zatm\u011bn\u00ed, tentokr\u00e1t M\u011bs\u00edce. Nep\u016fjde o\u00a0zatm\u011bn\u00ed \u00fapln\u00e9, ale jen o\u00a0velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9. Z\u00a0na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed jej budeme moci pozorovat na rann\u00ed obloze n\u00edzko nad z\u00e1pado-jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem ji\u017e za pokro\u010dil\u00e9ho sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1mkou bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edho se zatm\u011bn\u00ed bude 28.\u00a0srpna p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve 4:20\u00a0SEL\u010c pomalu se otupuj\u00edc\u00ed jas lev\u00e9ho horn\u00edho okraje M\u011bs\u00edce. Tento jev bude s\u00edlit a\u00a0ohla\u0161ovat brzk\u00fd po\u010d\u00e1tek \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed; to p\u0159ijde ve 4:33.\u00a0Jak bude sv\u00edtat, bude z\u00e1rove\u0148 M\u011bs\u00edc klesat k\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edmu obzoru a\u00a0no\u0159it se st\u00e1le hloub\u011bji do zemsk\u00e9ho st\u00ednu. Pod\u00edvan\u00e1 skon\u010d\u00ed zhruba v\u00a06:17\u00a0z\u00e1padem extr\u00e9mn\u011b \u00fazk\u00e9ho M\u011bs\u00edce, co\u017e bude jen \u010dty\u0159i minuty po maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1zi \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zatm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Foto: Pavel Gabzdyl, Petr Hor\u00e1lek\/Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav v\u00a0Opav\u011b\/EAI\/Stellarium<\/p>\n

Simula\u010dn\u00ed sn\u00edmek maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze zatm\u011bn\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce 28.\u00a0srpna 2026<\/p>\n

P\u0159ehled t\u011bch nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch \u00fakaz\u016f roku 2026\u00a0najdete v\u00a0tomto na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku:<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b dubna se m\u016f\u017eeme, dovol\u00ed-li to po\u010das\u00ed, pokochat rojem Lyrid. Na\u0161e Zem\u011b toti\u017e prol\u00e9t\u00e1 meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00edm proudem…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":58891,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[13],"tags":[2727,43,20732,20733,74,73,78,75,77,76,1540,6032,20734],"class_list":["post-58890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-veda-a-technika","tag-astronomie","tag-ceska-republika","tag-lyridy","tag-meteoricky-roj","tag-science","tag-science-technology","tag-technika","tag-technology","tag-veda","tag-veda-a-technika","tag-vesmir","tag-zatmeni-mesice","tag-zatmeni-slunce"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116426869685864567","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58890"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58890\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/58891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}