Ropa a\u00a0zemn\u00ed plyn poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed sv\u011bt. Pohonn\u00e9 hmoty, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed i\u00a0v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika se sice postupn\u011b v\u00edce spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, p\u0159esto jsou prim\u00e1rn\u00edm zdrojem energie fosiln\u00ed paliva, tedy uhl\u00ed, ropa a\u00a0zemn\u00ed plyn.<\/p>\n
Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi producenty ropy a\u00a0zemn\u00edho plynu jsou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, Rusko, \u00cdr\u00e1n, Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie a\u00a0Kanada. V\u0161echny tyto st\u00e1ty vyt\u011b\u017e\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i\u00a0miliardy barel\u016f ropn\u00e9ho ekvivalentu ro\u010dn\u011b. <\/p>\n
Nalezi\u0161t\u011b ropy a\u00a0zemn\u00edho plynu jsou pouze v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch, na z\u00e1klad\u011b stovky milion\u016f let dlouh\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch proces\u016f. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed producenti se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u00edm p\u00e1dem d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi export\u00e9ry. <\/p>\n
Nejv\u00edce surov\u00e9 ropy vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, a\u00a0to do \u010c\u00edny, Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje, Japonska a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch asijsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Do Evropsk\u00e9 unie m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed nejv\u00edce ropy ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, Norska, Kazachst\u00e1nu a\u00a0Libye. <\/p>\n
Kudy sv\u011btov\u00e1 ropa proud\u00ed? Ropa se dopravuje prim\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00a0tankerech po mo\u0159i a\u00a0ropovody. Mo\u0159sk\u00e1 doprava je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed pro glob\u00e1ln\u00ed trh se surovou ropou, ropovody jsou hlavn\u00edm kan\u00e1lem pro pozemn\u00ed p\u0159epravu v\u00a0r\u00e1mci st\u00e1t\u016f nebo bli\u017e\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem, kter\u00fd je posledn\u00ed t\u00fddny v\u00a0centru d\u011bn\u00ed, proud\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b a\u017e p\u011btina sv\u011btov\u00e9 ropy, hlavn\u011b ta poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu. Dal\u0161\u00edmi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi body jsou Malack\u00fd pr\u016fliv, Mys Dobr\u00e9 nad\u011bje nebo Suezsk\u00fd pr\u016fplav. Ten byl zablokovan\u00fd v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2021, kdy se v\u00a0n\u011bm zasekla n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lo\u010f Ever Given.<\/p>\n
Ropovody jsou tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159epravy ropy. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed objem ropy p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed sa\u00fadskoarabsk\u00fd ropovod V\u00fdchod-Z\u00e1pad, \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako Petroline. \u010cesko dlouho vyu\u017e\u00edvalo sov\u011btsk\u00fd ropovod Dru\u017eba, jeden z\u00a0nejdel\u0161\u00edch na sv\u011bt\u011b. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na rusk\u00e9 rop\u011b se v\u0161ak p\u0159estal pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n
Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b do \u010ceska te\u010de ropa z\u00a0jihu ropovodem IKL (Ingolstadt Kralupy Litv\u00ednov), kter\u00fd nahradil dod\u00e1vky ropovodem Dru\u017eba.<\/p>\n
Druh\u00fdm z\u00e1sadn\u00edm energetick\u00fdm zdrojem je zemn\u00ed plyn. Hlavn\u00ed potrubn\u00ed cesta vede do \u010ceska z\u00a0Norska. To se stalo hlavn\u00edm dodavatelem po odstaven\u00ed rusk\u00fdch dod\u00e1vek plynu v\u00a0lednu 2025.<\/p>\n
Druh\u00fdm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm export\u00e9rem plynu do \u010ceska jsou Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Plyn sem dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ve zkapaln\u011bn\u00e9 form\u011b (LNG) p\u0159es oce\u00e1n do p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00fdch termin\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou napojeny na evropsk\u00e9 plynovody.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ropa a\u00a0zemn\u00ed plyn poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed sv\u011bt. Pohonn\u00e9 hmoty, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed i\u00a0v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomika se sice postupn\u011b v\u00edce spol\u00e9h\u00e1 na…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":59766,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[67,68,492,8382,205,2261],"class_list":{"0":"post-59765","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-byznys","8":"tag-business","9":"tag-byznys","10":"tag-plyn","11":"tag-plynovody","12":"tag-ropa","13":"tag-ropovody"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116432563424841483","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59765"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59765\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}