{"id":6001,"date":"2026-02-24T09:40:18","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T09:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/6001\/"},"modified":"2026-02-24T09:40:18","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T09:40:18","slug":"osel-cz-zahada-jeskynni-bakterie-proc-je-psychrobakter-z-ledu-odolny-vuci-antibiotikum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/6001\/","title":{"rendered":":: OSEL.CZ :: – Z\u00e1hada jeskynn\u00ed bakterie: Pro\u010d je psychrobakter z\u00a0ledu odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di antibiotik\u016fm?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Z\u00e1hada jeskynn\u00ed bakterie: Pro\u010d je psychrobakter z\u00a0ledu odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di antibiotik\u016fm? \u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Ledov\u00e1<\/a><\/p>\n

Ledov\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b Sc\u0103ri\u0219oara. Kredit: Paun V.I.<\/p>\n

Vlastn\u011b to ani nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00e1hada. Jenom kupa \u0161patn\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f. Mikrobiolo\u017eka Cristina Purcarea z\u00a0Institute of Biology Bucharest Rumunsk\u00e9 akademie a jej\u00ed kolegov\u00e9 m\u011bli pozoruhodn\u00fd n\u00e1pad. Odjeli do malebn\u00e9 Ledov\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b Sc\u0103ri\u0219oara v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edm Rumunsku, kde vyvrtali 25 metr\u016f hlubok\u00e9 ledov\u00e9 j\u00e1dro.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Cristina<\/a><\/p>\n

Cristina Purcarea, Kredit: C. Purcarea.<\/p>\n

Ve vyvrtan\u00e9m ledu, kter\u00fd byl star\u00fd 5 tis\u00edc let, na\u0161li bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed kolonie oran\u017eov\u00e9 a r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 barvy, co\u017e byl, jak se uk\u00e1zalo, kmen SC65A.3 bakterie rodu Psychrobacter. V\u00a0podobn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech nejde o zamrzl\u00e9 fosilie, ale \u017eiv\u00e9 bakterie, kter\u00e9 si daly del\u0161\u00ed pauzu.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ihned p\u0159e\u010detli genom tohohle psychrobaktera, co\u017e je v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b rutina. Na\u0161li v\u00a0n\u011bm 45 gen\u016f s\u00a0adaptacemi na \u017eivot v\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, rovn\u011b\u017e geny pro slan\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pak tak\u00e9 v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 gen\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s\u00a0rezistenc\u00ed v\u016f\u010di antibiotik\u016fm, d\u00edky nim\u017e je tenhle psychrobakter imunn\u00ed proti deseti dnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm antibiotik\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"Vrt\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/p>\n

Vrt\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0ledov\u00e9 jeskyni. Kredit: Itcus C.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0m\u00e9di\u00edch to vzbudilo rozruch. Jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prav\u011bk\u00e1 bakterie odoln\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di dne\u0161n\u00edm antibiotik\u016fm? Ve skute\u010dnosti to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed. To, \u010demu\u017e \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me \u201emodern\u00ed antibiotika,\u201c jsou vlastn\u011b \u0161ikovn\u00e9, ale u\u017e d\u00e1vno pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 zbran\u011b jin\u00fdch organism\u016f, typicky bakteri\u00ed nebo hub, proti bakteri\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsme si, ehm\u2026 vyp\u016fj\u010dili. A pon\u011bkud pozapomn\u011bli, \u017ee proti osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdm zbran\u00edm bude stoprocentn\u011b existovat osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1 obrana. Modern\u00ed antibiotika jsou asi tak modern\u00ed jako Stonehenge, i kdy\u017e to jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b moc p\u011bkn\u00e9 megality.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eModern\u00ed\u201c antibiotika jsou l\u00e1tky a jejich rozmanit\u00e9 varianty, jimi\u017e se mikroorganismy navz\u00e1jem masakruj\u00ed u\u017e cel\u00e9 eony. Psychrobakter m\u00e1 prost\u011b k\u00a0dispozici bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed obrann\u00fd arzen\u00e1l. Podobn\u011b pochopiteln\u00e9 je, \u017ee psychrobakter m\u00e1 i \u00fato\u010dn\u00e9 zbran\u011b, jimi\u017e rozd\u00e1v\u00e1 molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed r\u00e1ny druh\u00fdm. Mikrosv\u011bt je jako d\u017eungle, jen to z\u00a0na\u0161eho pohledu nen\u00ed hned patrn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Bakterie jsou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pragmatici a m\u00edvaj\u00ed jen takov\u00e9 v\u011bci, jak\u00e9 doopravdy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Pro\u010d m\u00e1 psychrobakter takov\u00fd arzen\u00e1l? Bakterie t\u00e9hle skupiny jsou proslul\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed rozmanit\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b extr\u00e9m\u016f. Taky dovedou sice vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, ale p\u011bkn\u011b hnusn\u00e9 a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u011b \u010dasto fat\u00e1ln\u00ed infekce u lid\u00ed. S\u00a0takov\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem se ob\u010das pot\u0159ebujete zbavit nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 konkurence, tak\u017ee se nejsp\u00ed\u0161 hod\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdbava pro \u00fatok i obranu. Pro n\u00e1s je to velmi cenn\u00fd zdroj biotechnologick\u00e9 inspirace.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Video: Scarisoara ice glacier, the biggest underground glacier in Europe\/ chill music<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Literatura<\/p>\n

The Scientist 17. 2. 2026.<\/a><\/p>\n

Frontiers in Microbiology 16: 1713017.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1hada jeskynn\u00ed bakterie: Pro\u010d je psychrobakter z\u00a0ledu odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di antibiotik\u016fm? \u00a0 Ledov\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b Sc\u0103ri\u0219oara. Kredit: Paun V.I. Vlastn\u011b…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6002,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[4261,54,4262,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-6001","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-bakterie","9":"tag-svet","10":"tag-vir","11":"tag-world","12":"tag-world-news"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6001"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6001\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}