{"id":60404,"date":"2026-04-20T09:59:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T09:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/60404\/"},"modified":"2026-04-20T09:59:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T09:59:12","slug":"cesko-rekordne-vycistilo-reky-porad-jsou-vsak-plne-neviditelneho-zla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/60404\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cesko rekordn\u011b vy\u010distilo \u0159eky. Po\u0159\u00e1d jsou v\u0161ak pln\u00e9 neviditeln\u00e9ho zla"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na konci 80.\u00a0let tekla Vltavou v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m Krumlov\u011b voda, ze kter\u00e9 byl c\u00edtit pap\u00edrensk\u00fd odpad<\/a>. Na hladin\u011b plavaly hn\u011bd\u00e9 skvrny, v\u00a0z\u00e1hybech b\u0159ehu se dr\u017eela b\u00edl\u00e1 p\u011bna. Nikdo se v\u00a0n\u00ed nekoupal\u00a0\u2013 lid\u00e9 chodili na rybn\u00edk. <\/p>\n

O \u010dty\u0159i sta kilometr\u016f d\u00e1le po proudu a\u00a0po soutoku s\u00a0Labem prot\u00e9kala tahle sm\u011bs H\u0159enskem do N\u011bmecka. Profil H\u0159ensko\/Schmilka je dodnes m\u00edstem, kde se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed odtok vody z\u00a0\u010ceska. A\u00a0je to v\u00a0podstat\u011b koncov\u00fd audit cel\u00e9 zem\u011b. Co tudy prote\u010de, nese otisk v\u0161eho, co v\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 krajin\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1me.<\/p>\n

Hydrobiolog Josef Fuksa z\u00a0V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho T. G. Masaryka, kter\u00fd \u010desk\u00e9 \u0159eky sleduje des\u00edtky let, vid\u00ed i\u00a0druhou stranu: \u201eZmizel amoniak\u00e1ln\u00ed dus\u00edk, ale nahradil jej dusi\u010dnan, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve v\u00a0\u0159ek\u00e1ch prakticky nebyl.\u201c<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh \u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek tedy nen\u00ed jen o\u00a0tom, jak jsme je vy\u010distili. Je to p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o\u00a0tom, jak se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed prom\u011b\u0148uje. A\u00a0jak se m\u011bn\u00ed i\u00a0na\u0161e p\u0159edstava v\u00a0ot\u00e1zce, co vlastn\u011b \u010dist\u00e1 voda je.<\/p>\n

\u0158eka bez kysl\u00edku<\/p>\n

Na p\u0159elomu 80.\u00a0a\u00a090.\u00a0let se v\u00a0\u010deskoslovensk\u00e9m vodn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed vytvo\u0159il pro na\u0161e vody toxick\u00fd mix: t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd pr\u016fmysl s\u00a0vysok\u00fdmi emisemi, n\u00edzk\u00e1 m\u00edra \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed komun\u00e1ln\u00edch odpadn\u00edch vod a\u00a0slab\u00e9 vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pravidel.<\/p>\n

Chemi\u010dky na severu \u010cech odv\u00e1d\u011bly do vody rtu\u0165, olovo a\u00a0kadmium. Pap\u00edrny a\u00a0textilky sytily Vltavu a\u00a0Labe chlorem a\u00a0barvivy. Na Ostravsku tekly do \u0159ek ropn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a\u00a0fenoly. Z\u00a0m\u011bst m\u00ed\u0159ila v\u011bt\u0161ina spla\u0161k\u016f do tok\u016f \u010dasto bez jak\u00e9hokoli \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed mechanismus zk\u00e1zy p\u0159itom nebyl vid\u011bt p\u0159\u00edmo. Organick\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0amoniak p\u0159i rozkladu spot\u0159ebov\u00e1valy v\u00a0\u0159ece kysl\u00edk. Kdy\u017e jeho hladina klesla pod kritickou mez, ryby za\u010daly hynout a\u00a0\u017eivot ust\u00e1val. \u0158eky nefungovaly jako ekosyst\u00e9m, ale jako stoka.<\/p>\n

Geograf Jakub Langhammer, kter\u00fd zpracoval dlouhodobou synt\u00e9zu v\u00fdvoje jakosti vody v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek\u00e1ch<\/a>, konstatuje, \u017ee kvalita dos\u00e1hla nejslab\u0161\u00edch hodnot pr\u00e1v\u011b na konci 80.\u00a0let a\u00a0\u017ee n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0evropsk\u00e9m kontextu mezi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u201eskoky\u201c ve zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V jedn\u00e9 v\u011bci ale 80.\u00a0l\u00e9ta paradoxn\u011b pomohla: Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0161lo dob\u0159e vid\u011bt a\u00a0c\u00edtit. P\u011bna na hladin\u011b, z\u00e1pach, olejov\u00e9 skvrny\u2026 Lidsk\u00fd mozek reaguje na to, co vn\u00edm\u00e1 smysly, a\u00a0smysly volaly po akci. Tato kognitivn\u00ed zkratka se ale vr\u00e1t\u00ed i\u00a0ve 21.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, jen s\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00fdm znam\u00e9nkem: Nov\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je neviditeln\u00e9, a\u00a0proto je politicky mnohem t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00edm n\u011bco ud\u011blat.<\/p>\n

Velk\u00fd zlom<\/p>\n

Situace \u010desk\u00fdch vodstev se za\u010d\u00ednala lehce zlep\u0161ovat od poloviny 80.\u00a0let, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Josef Fuksa: \u201eV roce 1990\u00a0pak zkrachovala \u0159ada firem\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed pochopily, \u017ee se mus\u00ed starat. B\u011bhem pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby se v\u0161echny klasick\u00e9 parametry zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostaly trvale pod normu.\u201c Zm\u011bnil se p\u0159\u00edstup spole\u010dnosti spolu s\u00a0d\u016fkladnou kontrolou, zda podniky dodr\u017euj\u00ed pravidla.<\/p>\n

Foto: Petr Van\u011b\u010dek, Mapy.com<\/p>\n

Z Vltavy v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m Krumlov\u011b b\u00fdval c\u00edtit pap\u00edrensk\u00fd odpad. Pap\u00edrna ve V\u011bt\u0159n\u00ed nad m\u011bstem, kter\u00e1 vloni ozn\u00e1mila ukon\u010den\u00ed provozu. <\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed impulz ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed tedy p\u0159inesla recese. \u010c\u00e1st t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu se restrukturalizovala nebo zanikla a\u00a0s n\u00ed zmizely i\u00a0emise. V\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch transforma\u010dn\u00edch zem\u00edch je to zn\u00e1m\u00fd vzorec: Zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed je nejd\u0159\u00edve \u201evykoupeno\u201c ekonomick\u00fdm propadem.<\/p>\n

Ve velk\u00e9m do\u0161lo i\u00a0na investice. \u010cesko v\u00a090.\u00a0letech a\u00a0po roce 2000\u00a0postavilo nebo zrekonstruovalo stovky \u010dist\u00edren odpadn\u00edch vod, do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry za podpory evropsk\u00fdch fond\u016f. <\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky jsou v\u00a0\u010d\u00edslech mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9. Podle zpr\u00e1vy o\u00a0\u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR<\/a> kleslo mezi roky 1990\u00a0a\u00a02023\u00a0v\u00a0mnoha kategori\u00edch mno\u017estv\u00ed vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 90\u00a0procent. Od roku 2000\u00a0klesla tak\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 koncentrace amoniak\u00e1ln\u00edho dus\u00edku o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch 72,5\u00a0procenta a\u00a0celkov\u00e9ho fosforu o\u00a044,8\u00a0procenta. <\/p>\n

Prom\u011bnliv\u00e1 \u201e\u0161p\u00edna\u201c<\/p>\n

Situace se zlep\u0161ovala hlavn\u011b do roku 2010, pot\u00e9 je sp\u00ed\u0161 stabiln\u00ed. \u00dasp\u011bch nen\u00ed dokonal\u00fd ani trval\u00fd. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka toti\u017e nezn\u00ed: \u201eJe voda \u010dist\u00e1?\u201c\u00a0\u2013 to nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b nikdy\u00a0\u2013 ale: \u201eOd jak\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b za\u010dneme mluvit o\u00a0zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed?\u201c A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b tato hranice se neust\u00e1le posouv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159isp\u011bly k\u00a0tomu nov\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky o\u00a0\u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, lep\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed metody i\u00a0tlak ve\u0159ejnosti. Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se od \u201ep\u011bny a\u00a0z\u00e1pachu\u201c posunulo o\u00a0vn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed cizorod\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v\u00a0koncentrac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsme doned\u00e1vna neum\u011bli zm\u011b\u0159it, nebo o\u00a0zm\u011bnu fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed, t\u0159eba teploty.<\/p>\n

\u201eNov\u00e9 polutanty vypou\u0161t\u00edme do pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dist\u00e9 vody. D\u0159\u00edve jsme je neum\u011bli stanovit, nezm\u011bn\u00ed celkovou m\u00edru zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0m\u00e1me jin\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria i\u00a0jin\u00e9 technick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nezmizelo\u00a0\u2013 zm\u011bnilo tvar,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Josef Fuksa. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Jakmile laborato\u0159e zvl\u00e1dnou detekovat \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b men\u0161\u00ed koncentrace, \u201enaroste\u201c i\u00a0probl\u00e9m, i\u00a0kdyby se re\u00e1ln\u00e9 emise nezm\u011bnily. A\u00a0spole\u010dn\u00fdm znakem nov\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f je, \u017ee jejich zdrojem je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed provoz spole\u010dnosti, nikoli hav\u00e1rie. Nemus\u00ed selhat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 fabrika. Sta\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee miliony lid\u00ed r\u00e1no spolknou l\u00e9k, umyj\u00ed n\u00e1dob\u00ed a\u00a0spl\u00e1chnou z\u00e1chod.<\/p>\n

\u0160est tun metforminu v\u00a0H\u0159ensku<\/p>\n

Nejzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm mezi nov\u00fdmi typy zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jsou farmaka neboli l\u00e9\u010diva: Proto\u017ee je nelze zak\u00e1zat a\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0n\u00e1s je jejich zdrojem. <\/p>\n

Data ukazuj\u00ed<\/a>, \u017ee obdob\u00ed 2010\u20132020\u00a0se v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek\u00e1ch standardn\u011b prokazuje vysokou hladinou zbytk\u016f p\u016fvodn\u011b l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdch l\u00e1tek (farmak) z\u00a0komun\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010dist\u00edren. N\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, nap\u0159\u00edklad rezistentn\u00ed farmaka jako gabapentin, metformin, oxipurinol \u010di karbamazepin, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do Prahy u\u017e z\u00a0ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech. Proch\u00e1zej\u00ed celou Vltavskou kask\u00e1dou a\u00a0v \u0159ece se d\u00e1l nerozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed. Jejich transport odpov\u00edd\u00e1 hlavn\u011b po\u010dtu obyvatel v\u00a0povod\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 je to t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 chemick\u00fd \u201eotisk prstu\u201c spole\u010dnosti v\u00a0\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vod\u011b.<\/p>\n

Fuksa uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, kter\u00fd probl\u00e9m zhu\u0161\u0165uje do jednoho \u010d\u00edsla: \u201eV \u010cesku se ro\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 asi 200\u00a0tun metforminu proti cukrovce druh\u00e9ho typu. Z\u00a0t\u011bla se tato l\u00e1tka vylou\u010d\u00ed prakticky stoprocentn\u011b. Je to l\u00e9k, kter\u00fd miliony lid\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0p\u0159esn\u011b proto je v\u00a0\u0159ece.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st zachyt\u00ed \u010dist\u00edrny, \u010d\u00e1st se rozlo\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0\u0159ece, ale p\u0159esto zhruba \u0161est tun ro\u010dn\u011b prote\u010de nap\u0159\u00edklad H\u0159enskem do N\u011bmecka. A\u00a0tam pak p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed do vody dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010diva. <\/p>\n

Foto: Mojm\u00edr Holek, Mapy.com<\/p>\n

\u0158eka Labe u\u00a0H\u0159enska.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd \u010desk\u00fd ob\u010dan ro\u010dn\u011b spot\u0159ebuje p\u0159es 600\u00a0definovan\u00fdch denn\u00edch d\u00e1vek r\u016fzn\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div. Po pou\u017eit\u00ed je po\u0161le kanalizac\u00ed do \u010dist\u00edrny a\u00a0zaplat\u00ed za to sto\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d si s\u00a0t\u00edm \u010dist\u00edrny neporad\u00ed? \u201e\u010cist\u00edrna je v\u00a0podstat\u011b bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed reaktor,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Josef Fuksa. Farmaka jsou ale tak vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, \u017ee pro bakterie v\u00a0\u010dist\u00edrn\u011b nem\u00e1 smysl se nau\u010dit je \u201ej\u00edst\u201c, jak to d\u011blaj\u00ed u\u00a0jin\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek. \u201eJe popsan\u00fdch asi deset experiment\u00e1ln\u00edch technologi\u00ed na odstran\u011bn\u00ed farmak, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 zat\u00edm nefunguje v\u00a0praxi na odpadn\u00ed vodu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Josef Fuksa. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

U \u010dist\u00e9 vody to jde\u00a0\u2013 na \u017delivce filtruj\u00ed p\u0159es aktivn\u00ed uhl\u00ed. Ale ve vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 odpadn\u00ed vod\u011b je st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed. \u010cist\u00edrna d\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u011b to, na co byla navr\u017eena. Farmaka do tohoto designu prost\u011b nepat\u0159ila.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinky v\u00a0\u0159ece jsou p\u0159itom prokazateln\u00e9. Od 90.\u00a0let v\u011bdci publikovali des\u00edtky studi\u00ed o\u00a0l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch funkci hormon\u016f, takzvan\u00fdch endokrinn\u00edch disruptorech, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ryb, o\u00a0\u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed pred\u00e1tor\u016f u\u00a0kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f, o\u00a0vlivu psychofarmak na \u00fanikov\u00e9 reakce vodn\u00edch organism\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eV 90.\u00a0letech se \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee za feminizaci ryb (samci produkuj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny jako samice p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji vaj\u00ed\u010dek\u00a0\u2013 pozn. red.) mohou antikoncep\u010dn\u00ed hormony. Dnes v\u00edme, \u017ee to d\u011bl\u00e1 cel\u00e1 \u0159ada l\u00e1tek\u00a0\u2013 t\u0159eba bisfenoly. Maj\u00ed sice men\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1l, ale je jich v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed mnohem v\u00edc,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Josef Fuksa.<\/p>\n

Bisfenoly se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b plastov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, jako jsou obaly, n\u00e1dob\u00ed a\u00a0oble\u010den\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bch variant, u\u00a0kter\u00fdch m\u00e1me dolo\u017eenou \u0161kodlivost, se postupn\u011b omezuje, ale nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda n\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 ne\u0161kod\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Od pol\u00ed, z\u00a0trubek, odev\u0161ad<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed, a\u00a0tak\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eko odstranitelnou obt\u00ed\u017e p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pesticidy a\u00a0jim podobn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. V\u00a0roce 2022\u00a0nalezli v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch povrchov\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch<\/a> celkem 153\u00a0pesticid\u016f a\u00a0jejich metabolit\u016f\u00a0\u2013 l\u00e1tek vznikl\u00fdch jejich p\u0159em\u011bnou \u010di rozkladem. Vyskytly se v\u00a094,7\u00a0procenta sledovan\u00fdch profil\u016f a\u00a0v 84,6\u00a0procenta vzork\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pesticidy p\u0159itom neunikaj\u00ed z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 trubky\u00a0\u2013 vstupuj\u00ed do vody p\u0159es p\u016fdu, odtok, dren\u00e1\u017ee a\u00a0erozn\u00ed splachy z\u00a0tis\u00edc\u016f hektar\u016f. Je to p\u0159esn\u00fd opak probl\u00e9mu z\u00a090.\u00a0let: Tehdy se da\u0159ilo omezovat bodov\u00e9 zdroje, dnes se pot\u00fdk\u00e1me s\u00a0ot\u00e1zkou zdroj\u016f plo\u0161n\u00fdch, kde je vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Relativn\u011b novou kategori\u00ed jsou takzvan\u00e9 v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie (PFAS). Do roku 2022\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 laborato\u0159e soustavn\u011b sledovaly pouze dv\u011b l\u00e1tky z\u00a0jejich rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 skupiny\u00a0\u2013 PFOS a\u00a0PFOA. Teprve od roku 2023\u00a0se v\u00a0povod\u00edch zav\u00e1d\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed monitoring<\/a>, analyticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd a\u00a0vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed. Vl\u00e1da v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0za\u0159adila PFAS do re\u017eimu ohla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do integrovan\u00e9ho registru zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd krok od obecn\u00e9ho varov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0evidenci konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u00fanik\u016f.<\/p>\n

Mikroplasty zase ilustruj\u00ed bitvu o\u00a0metodiku. Studie v\u00a0Environmental Sciences Europe<\/a> nalezla mikroplasty v\u00a057\u00a0z\u00a058\u00a0vzork\u016f \u010desk\u00e9 pitn\u00e9 vody s\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi koncentracemi kolem 65\u00a0a\u017e 68\u00a0\u010d\u00e1stic na litr. Auto\u0159i studie cituj\u00ed pilotn\u00ed \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0upraven\u00e9 pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b nach\u00e1zelo stovky \u010d\u00e1stic na litr. Zdravotn\u00ed rizika ale zat\u00edm nejsou jednozna\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1na. A\u00a0probl\u00e9m se nejsp\u00ed\u0161e rozhodne a\u017e pot\u00e9, co se v\u011bdci shodnou, jak mno\u017estv\u00ed mikroplast\u016f p\u0159esn\u011b stanovit a\u00a0jak\u00e9 riziko p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed jen chemie<\/p>\n

Zanedbateln\u00e9 nen\u00ed ani nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u010dist\u011b biologick\u00e9. Bakterii E. coli s\u00a0prok\u00e1zanou rezistenc\u00ed v\u016f\u010di antibiotik\u016fm se v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 studii<\/a> poda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt v\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100\u00a0procentech testovan\u00fdch vzork\u016f povrchov\u00e9 a\u00a0odpadn\u00ed vody. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem se uk\u00e1zaly b\u00fdt v\u00fdust\u011b z\u00a0\u010dist\u00edren. Jde o\u00a0nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fd dopad modern\u00edho zdravotnictv\u00ed. \u201eZne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u201c zkr\u00e1tka d\u00e1vno nen\u00ed jen chemie.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zku je\u0161t\u011b komplikuje zm\u011bna klimatu. Za posledn\u00ed zhruba t\u0159i des\u00edtky let vzrostly teploty povrchov\u00e9 vody<\/a> ve 35\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru zhruba o\u00a01,8\u00a0stupn\u011b Celsia. P\u0159itom kdy\u017e je vody m\u00e9n\u011b a\u00a0je teplej\u0161\u00ed, stejn\u00e1 d\u00e1vka zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed efekt.\u201eNormy pro vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jsou d\u011blan\u00e9 na pr\u016fm\u011bry. Jen\u017ee pr\u016ftok i\u00a0teploty v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku kol\u00edsaj\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0jak moc, to se s\u00a0klimatickou zm\u011bnou m\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Josef Fuksa. <\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee zat\u00edmco \u010dist\u00edrny vypou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed cel\u00fd rok stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed odpadu, ten proud\u00ed poka\u017ed\u00e9 do \u0159eky s\u00a0jin\u00fdm pr\u016ftokem. S\u00a0t\u00edm, jak v\u00a0d\u016fsledku zm\u011bn klimatu v\u00a0\u010cesku ub\u00fdv\u00e1 sr\u00e1\u017eek, p\u0159itom v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a\u00a0bude za\u017e\u00edvat del\u0161\u00ed such\u00e1 obdob\u00ed ne\u017e d\u0159\u00edve. <\/p>\n

Voda, kter\u00e1 dnes odt\u00e9k\u00e1 H\u0159enskem, je tedy \u010dist\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdykoli za posledn\u00ed p\u016flstolet\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 m\u011b\u0159eno parametry, kter\u00e9 jsme um\u011bli sledovat v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed. M\u011b\u0159eno t\u00edm, co um\u00edme sledovat dnes, v\u0161ak zb\u00fdv\u00e1 hodn\u011b pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed f\u00e1ze ochrany \u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek se postarala, aby p\u0159estaly b\u00fdt stokou pro pr\u016fmysl a\u00a0m\u011bsta. Pokles zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 90\u00a0procent za t\u0159i desetilet\u00ed je v\u00a0evropsk\u00e9m kontextu mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek. Dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze nem\u00e1 jedno \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed typu \u201epostav\u00edme dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dist\u00edrny\u201c, vy\u017eaduje \u0159adu krok\u016f. <\/p>\n

Josef Fuksa nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by se seznam nov\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b zkracoval. Naopak, spektrum zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se bude roz\u0161i\u0159ovat. \u201eV\u017edycky se objev\u00ed n\u011bco, na co nejsme p\u0159ipraveni,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u0158eky jsme vy\u010distili od p\u011bn, tak\u017ee na pohled vypadaj\u00ed mnohem l\u00e9pe ne\u017e v\u00a0minulosti. Ale poda\u0159\u00ed se n\u00e1m je vy\u010distit od zla, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed vid\u011bt? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Na konci 80.\u00a0let tekla Vltavou v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9m Krumlov\u011b voda, ze kter\u00e9 byl c\u00edtit pap\u00edrensk\u00fd odpad. Na hladin\u011b plavaly hn\u011bd\u00e9…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":60405,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,21036,41,40,1976,3708,593],"class_list":{"0":"post-60404","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-ceska-republika","9":"tag-cesko","10":"tag-cisticky-odpadnich-vod-cov","11":"tag-czech-republic","12":"tag-czechia","13":"tag-ekologie","14":"tag-reka","15":"tag-znecisteni"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116436452460958744","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60404"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60404\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}