{"id":62401,"date":"2026-04-22T04:53:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T04:53:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/62401\/"},"modified":"2026-04-22T04:53:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T04:53:09","slug":"na-sireni-sovetske-lzi-o-masakru-v-katyni-se-podileli-i-spojenci-rekl-historik-bydon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/62401\/","title":{"rendered":"Na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00e9 l\u017ei o\u00a0masakru v\u00a0Katyni se pod\u00edleli i\u00a0spojenci, \u0159ekl historik Bydo\u0144"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201eTato historie je st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00e1, po\u0159\u00e1d se vrac\u00ed. Nen\u00ed a\u00a0nebude uzav\u0159en\u00e1, dokud budou \u017e\u00edt vzpom\u00ednky v\u00a0pam\u011btech ob\u011bt\u00ed. Pam\u011b\u0165 je dnes kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1,\u201c uvedl v\u00a0rozhovoru Bydo\u0144, kter\u00fd pracuje v\u00a0Muzeu Katy\u0144skie.<\/p>\n

\u201eMus\u00edme si pamatovat, \u017ee ob\u011b\u0165mi byli ob\u010dan\u00e9 Polsk\u00e9 republiky r\u016fzn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu i\u00a0vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed, s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdm majetkem a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edho statutem. Vedle uniformovan\u00fdch ob\u011bt\u00ed, tedy voj\u00e1k\u016f, policist\u016f, str\u00e1\u017en\u00edk\u016f, pohrani\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00fdch dozorc\u016f, mezi nimi byli civilist\u00e9 a\u00a0taky \u017eeny. Net\u00fdkal se jen zajatc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli v\u00a0t\u00e1borech NKVD, ale i\u00a0civiln\u00edch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f ve v\u011bznic\u00edch NKDV, jednalo se o\u00a0likvidaci elit,\u201c zm\u00ednil \u0161\u00ed\u0159i cel\u00e9ho masakru.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00fd po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed dodnes nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m. \u201ePohybuje se okolo 22\u00a0000\u00a0lid\u00ed. \u010c\u00edslo je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9, proto\u017ee je tu nakonec ot\u00e1zka, o\u00a0kolika m\u00edstech je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00edme a\u00a0kolik lid\u00ed bylo t\u0159eba na takzvan\u00e9m b\u011blorusk\u00e9m katy\u0148sk\u00e9m seznamu. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed dva, t\u0159i nebo dokonce \u010dty\u0159i tis\u00edce nov\u00fdch jmen,\u201c up\u0159esnil Bydo\u0144.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00dadaje o\u00a0ob\u011btech poch\u00e1zej\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00a0takzvan\u00fdch transportn\u00edch seznam\u016f, kter\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ila p\u0159\u00edmo NKVD. \u201eMus\u00edme ale vz\u00edt v\u00a0\u00favahu, \u017ee Sov\u011bti d\u011blali chyby v\u00a0dokumentech, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed p\u0159episovali z\u00a0latinky do azbuky a\u00a0my zase sov\u011btsk\u00e9 seznamy p\u0159episujeme zp\u011bt do latinky, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e mohou vznikat dal\u0161\u00ed chyby,\u201c dodal polsk\u00fd historik. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fadaje pak poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0m\u00edst n\u00e1lez\u016f poz\u016fstatk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podle Bydo\u0144a se zlo\u010din dot\u00fdk\u00e1 jen tis\u00edc\u016f ob\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0tis\u00edc\u016f jejich bl\u00edzk\u00fdch, ale i\u00a0masov\u00e9 deportace obyvatel.<\/p>\n

Katy\u0148sk\u00e1 le\u017e<\/p>\n

\u201eSou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zlo\u010dinu je i\u00a0utajov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f, pokus o\u00a0svalen\u00ed viny na – v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b – nevinn\u00e9 N\u011bmce,\u201c vysv\u011btlil Bydo\u0144. \u201eV tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0psychick\u00e9 \u00fatrapy psychick\u00e9 mu\u010den\u00ed rodin. Ob\u011bt\u00ed t\u00e9to l\u017ei byly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm matky a\u00a0man\u017eelky, kter\u00e9 hledaly pravdu, do konce \u017eivota p\u00e1traly po sv\u00fdch man\u017eel\u00edch, ale nedost\u00e1valy relevantn\u00ed informace.\u201c<\/p>\n

Sov\u011bti odpov\u011bdnost za masakr pop\u00edrali a\u017e do 13.\u00a0dubna 1990\u00a0a\u00a0p\u0159ipisovali ho N\u011bmc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0Polsku vra\u017edili nejen \u017didy, ale i\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b polsk\u00e9 elity. U\u017e v\u00a0roce 1939\u00a0v\u00a0r\u00e1mci operac\u00ed Tannenberg povra\u017edili 20\u00a0tis\u00edc\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f elit a\u00a0p\u0159i n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed Intelligenzaktion povra\u017edili sto tis\u00edc Pol\u00e1k\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e 60\u00a0tis\u00edc\u00a0pat\u0159ilo k\u00a0elit\u00e1m. Katy\u0148sk\u00fd masakr nicm\u00e9n\u011b prob\u00edhal zcela v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9 re\u017eii.<\/p>\n

Foto: Novinky<\/p>\n

Historik Bart\u0142omiej Bydo\u0144 <\/p>\n

\u201eJakmile se komunist\u00e9 v\u00a0Polsku dostali k\u00a0moci a\u00a0upevnili sv\u00e9 pozice, tak v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0t\u00edm, co tvrdila sov\u011btsk\u00e1 Burd\u011bnkova komise, tedy \u017ee se zlo\u010din\u016f dopustili N\u011bmci na podzim roku 1941, vystavovali pro man\u017eelky \u00famrtn\u00ed listy s\u00a0t\u00edmto datem. Nem\u00e1me v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee by kdokoli z\u00a0t\u011bch, co zahynuli v\u00a0Katyni, zem\u0159el pozd\u011bji ne\u017e v\u00a0roce 1940,\u201c \u0159ekl Bydo\u0144. <\/p>\n

Zm\u00ednil p\u0159itom sov\u011btskou vy\u0161et\u0159ovac\u00ed komisi, ustavenou na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1944, kterou vedl chirurg Nikolaj Burd\u011bnko. Ta uvedla, \u017ee Pol\u00e1ky zabili N\u011bmci pro p\u0159epaden\u00ed Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu v\u00a0roce 1941.\u00a0P\u0159itom i\u00a0na nalezen\u00fdch e\u0161usech nebo poln\u00edch lahv\u00edch \u010di tabat\u011brk\u00e1ch, kam si v\u011bzni vyr\u00fdvali v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti nen\u00ed nic o\u00a0ud\u00e1lostech po roce 1940.<\/p>\n

\u201eHovo\u0159it o\u00a0katy\u0148sk\u00e9m zlo\u010dinu bylo na \u00fazem\u00ed v\u00fdchodn\u00edho bloku zak\u00e1zan\u00e9. Kdo to poru\u0161il, tak byl perzekvov\u00e1n,\u201c p\u0159ipomn\u011bl polsk\u00fd expert. \u201eD\u011btem byl t\u0159eba odep\u0159en p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9mu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed.\u201c I\u00a0tak se objevovaly na symbolick\u00fdch hrobech se jm\u00e9ny ob\u011bt\u00ed stuhy s\u00a0n\u00e1pisem Zahynul v\u00a0Katyni. \u201eByly to sign\u00e1ly, \u017ee to v\u00edme a\u00a0chceme si to p\u0159ipom\u00ednat,\u201c dodal historik.<\/p>\n

Vinu na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed katy\u0148sk\u00e9 l\u017ei v\u0161ak nevid\u00ed Bydo\u0144 jen na stran\u011b Sov\u011bt\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00ed za\u010dali hned, jak N\u011bmci v\u00a0roce 1943\u00a0zve\u0159ejnili n\u00e1lez m\u011blk\u00fdch hromadn\u00fdch hrob\u016f v\u00a0les\u00edch u\u00a0Katyn\u011b. <\/p>\n

Sov\u011btskou le\u017e podporovali spojenci<\/p>\n

\u201eJedn\u00e1 se nejen o\u00a0l\u017ei komunist\u016f, ale bohu\u017eel \u0161lo tak\u00e9 o\u00a0l\u017ei spojenc\u016f. Spojenci v\u011bd\u011bli, jak to bylo. N\u011bmci p\u0159ivezli k\u00a0exhumovan\u00fdm t\u011bl\u016fm dva Ameri\u010dany. Byla tu zpr\u00e1va plukovn\u00edka Johna Van Vlieta a\u00a0kapit\u00e1na Donalda Stewarda. Tak\u017ee Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 to v\u011bd\u011bli, Britov\u00e9 to v\u011bd\u011bli,\u201c p\u0159ipomn\u011bl Bydo\u0144.<\/p>\n

Zobrazit v\u0161e<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u201eTato historie je st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00e1, po\u0159\u00e1d se vrac\u00ed. Nen\u00ed a\u00a0nebude uzav\u0159en\u00e1, dokud budou \u017e\u00edt vzpom\u00ednky v\u00a0pam\u011btech ob\u011bt\u00ed. Pam\u011b\u0165…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":62402,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[2209,20424,19867,375,117,21516,9258,54,21515,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-62401","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-druha-svetova-valka","9":"tag-katyn","10":"tag-nacisticke-nemecko","11":"tag-nemecko","12":"tag-polsko","13":"tag-ruda-armada","14":"tag-sssr","15":"tag-svet","16":"tag-treti-rise","17":"tag-world","18":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116446573674261226","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62401\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}