Indexu prosperity \u010ceska<\/a> ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9 do 29\u00a0let maj\u00ed k\u00a0vlastn\u00edmu bydlen\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b d\u00e1l. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina z\u00a0nich, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b 47\u00a0procent, st\u00e1le \u017eije s\u00a0rodi\u010di. Dal\u0161\u00edch 35\u00a0procent bydl\u00ed s\u00a0partnerem nebo ve spolubydlen\u00ed a\u00a0samostatn\u011b funguje jen 6\u00a0procent mlad\u00fdch. Vlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed tak pro velkou \u010d\u00e1st z\u00a0nich p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt samoz\u0159ejm\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm krokem a\u00a0st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se odsouv\u00e1 na neur\u010dito.<\/p>\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed probl\u00e9m je jednoduch\u00fd. Ceny nemovitost\u00ed rostou rychleji ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edjmy. Jen za posledn\u00edch deset let vzrostly v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru na v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobek. Sou\u010dasn\u011b pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hypot\u00e9ka p\u0159es\u00e1hla hranici \u010dty\u0159 milion\u016f korun a\u00a0spl\u00e1tky v\u00fdrazn\u011b narostly.<\/p>\n
\u201ePodle dat \u010cesk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banky je dnes pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 dluhov\u00e1 slu\u017eba u\u00a0nov\u00fdch hypot\u00e9k na \u00farovni 38\u00a0% p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f. Tedy aby se dom\u00e1cnost ve\u0161la do tohoto pr\u016fm\u011bru, mus\u00ed m\u00edt \u010dist\u00fd m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem p\u0159es 93\u00a0tis\u00edc korun. A\u00a0to u\u017e nen\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnost,\u201c uvedl k\u00a0v\u00fdsledk\u016fm Indexu prosperity vloni v\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00ed ekonom \u010cesk\u00e9 spo\u0159itelny David Navr\u00e1til.<\/p>\n
P\u0159ed \u0161esti lety sta\u010dilo m\u00edt pro dosa\u017een\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hypot\u00e9ky \u010dist\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem 54,4\u00a0tis\u00edce. K\u00a0dne\u0161ku ale kv\u016fli rostouc\u00edm cen\u00e1m byt\u016f pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hypot\u00e9ka vzrostla o\u00a070\u00a0%. Spl\u00e1tka dokonce o\u00a093\u00a0%.<\/p>\n
\u201eKombinace rostouc\u00edch cen nemovitost\u00ed a\u00a0\u00farokov\u00fdch sazeb ve v\u00fdsledku dostupnost vlastn\u00edho bydlen\u00ed dramaticky prom\u011bnila,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Navr\u00e1til.<\/p>\n
Jen dobr\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce nesta\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n
Odborn\u00edci p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee zm\u011bna dostupnosti bydlen\u00ed dnes u\u017e nen\u00ed jen o\u00a0\u010d\u00edslech, kter\u00e1 pro mladou generaci nevych\u00e1z\u00ed. Ale doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed prom\u011bn\u011b toho, jak se k\u00a0bydlen\u00ed dostat.<\/p>\n
\u201eVlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed u\u017e dnes skoro zpravidla nen\u00ed o\u00a0tom dost tvrd\u011b pracovat, ale sp\u00ed\u0161 se dob\u0159e narodit nebo pracovat ve velmi lukrativn\u00edm oboru,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Mikol\u00e1\u0161 Opletal z\u00a0Platformy pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed bydlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Podle n\u011bj v\u011bt\u0161ina mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed bez podpory rodiny na vlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed nedos\u00e1hne. \u201eMlad\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed dnes maj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed, ho z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161iny museli zd\u011bdit nebo dostat n\u011bjakou v\u00fdznamnou finan\u010dn\u00ed mezigenera\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdpomoc,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n
To potvrzuj\u00ed i\u00a0data z\u00a0pr\u016fzkumu agentury Ipsos mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi z\u00a0generace Z. V\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny z\u00a0nich u\u017e nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by se k\u00a0vlastn\u00edmu bydlen\u00ed dostaly klasickou cestou p\u0159es kari\u00e9rn\u00ed r\u016fst a\u00a0stabiln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem.<\/p>\n
Kupuj\u00edc\u00ed nemovitost\u00ed st\u00e1rnou<\/p>\n
Zm\u011bnu je dob\u0159e vid\u011bt p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0praxi hypote\u010dn\u00edho trhu. Podle hypote\u010dn\u00edho specialisty Jakuba Rotrekla dnes mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u010dasto na \u00fav\u011br bez podpory rodiny v\u016fbec nedos\u00e1hnou. \u201eS t\u00edmto se setk\u00e1v\u00e1m pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasto. Nutnost pou\u017eit\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed nemovitosti k\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je velmi \u010dast\u00e1,\u201c popisuje zku\u0161enost z\u00a0praxe.<\/p>\n
Zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se dostupnost vlastn\u00edho bydlen\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9ho za pomoci hypot\u00e9ky potvrzuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 data Golem Finance. Ta ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee pod\u00edl spl\u00e1tky hypot\u00e9ky na \u010dist\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmech dom\u00e1cnosti se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech dr\u017e\u00ed na v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch ne\u017e v\u00a0minulosti a\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u011b se pohybuje kolem 60\u00a0procent.<\/p>\n
Naopak nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly hypot\u00e9ky zhruba mezi lety 2010\u00a0a\u017e 2017, kdy se potkaly n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby s\u00a0tehdy je\u0161t\u011b relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdmi cenami nemovitost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u201eM\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed spl\u00e1tka na b\u011b\u017en\u00fd byt byla kolem necel\u00fdch dev\u00edti tis\u00edc korun a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edjmy u\u017e byly v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch letech,\u201c popisuje hypote\u010dn\u00ed expert Golem Finance Libor Ostatek.<\/p>\n
Sou\u010dasn\u011b se podle Rotrekla posouv\u00e1 i\u00a0v\u011bk \u017eadatel\u016f. \u201eMysl\u00edm si, \u017ee se do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry hranice v\u011bku, kdy si lid\u00e9 po\u0159izuj\u00ed bydlen\u00ed na hypot\u00e9ku, zv\u00fd\u0161ila,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1. Vlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed se tak st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji odsouv\u00e1 do pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze \u017eivota, kdy u\u017e maj\u00ed lid\u00e9 stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy nebo finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1zem\u00ed od rodiny.<\/p>\n
Pokud u\u017e se mlad\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky k\u00a0n\u00e1kupu dostanou, \u010dasto mus\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b slevit ze sv\u00fdch n\u00e1rok\u016f. \u201e\u010c\u00e1st kupuj\u00edc\u00edch mus\u00ed volit men\u0161\u00ed nebo dispozi\u010dn\u011b \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byty, ne\u017e jak\u00e9 by za p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednek preferovali,\u201c dopl\u0148uje \u0161\u00e9f JRD Jan Sadil.<\/p>\n
St\u00e1le men\u0161\u00ed byty<\/p>\n
Motivace vlastnit nemovitost je v\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti natolik zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e1, \u017ee se mlad\u00ed nebr\u00e1n\u00ed ani alternativ\u011b mal\u00fdch nemovitost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Podle pr\u016fzkumu spole\u010dnosti Broker Consulting a\u00a0agentury Ipsos by si 32\u00a0procent lid\u00ed z\u00a0generace Z\u00a0po\u0159\u00eddilo nemovitost jako investici, zat\u00edmco u\u00a0star\u0161\u00edch respondent\u016f je to jen 7\u00a0procent. My\u0161lenka, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk vlastn\u00ed byt, ale s\u00e1m v\u00a0n\u011bm nebydl\u00ed, tak pro velkou \u010d\u00e1st mlad\u00fdch nep\u0159edstavuje probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n
\u201eMlad\u00ed dnes nemovitosti nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed jen jako st\u0159echu nad hlavou, ale jako aktivum, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee dlouhodob\u011b pracovat pro jejich jistotu. \u010casto bydl\u00ed v\u00a0n\u00e1jmu, ale cht\u011bj\u00ed vlastnit byt na pron\u00e1jem, proto\u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed m\u00edt mo\u017enost volby,\u201c popisuje Petr \u010c\u00ed\u017eek, p\u0159edseda p\u0159edstavenstva spole\u010dnosti Investika.<\/p>\n
T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dtvrtina mlad\u00fdch nav\u00edc pl\u00e1nuje v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch p\u011bti letech koupit investi\u010dn\u00ed byt a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch 15\u00a0procent zva\u017euje investi\u010dn\u00ed d\u016fm.<\/p>\n
Navzdory pl\u00e1n\u016fm nemovitosti po\u0159izovat si zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se dostupnost vlastn\u00edho bydlen\u00ed uv\u011bdomuje velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st mlad\u00e9 generace. Podle pr\u016fzkumu Ipsos si v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny lid\u00ed z\u00a0generace Z\u00a0mysl\u00ed, \u017ee je dnes pro n\u011b po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo i\u00a0pron\u00e1jem bydlen\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pro generaci jejich rodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n
Ale jak to skute\u010dn\u011b je? Pohled na dlouhodob\u00fd v\u00fdvoj hypote\u010dn\u00edho trhu ukazuje, \u017ee odpov\u011b\u010f nen\u00ed \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e1. Tak\u00e9 90.\u00a0l\u00e9ta byla z\u00a0hlediska financov\u00e1n\u00ed bydlen\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Hypot\u00e9ky tehdy teprve vznikaly, banky s\u00a0nimi nem\u011bly zku\u0161enosti a\u00a0\u00fav\u011br byl sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u00fdsadou \u00fazk\u00e9 skupiny lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem byly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u00farokov\u00e9 sazby, kter\u00e9 se dlouhodob\u011b dr\u017eely nad deseti procenty a\u00a0na za\u010d\u00e1tku dek\u00e1dy se pohybovaly i\u00a0kolem 13\u00a0procent.<\/p>\n
D\u0159\u00edv drah\u00e9 \u00fav\u011bry, dnes drah\u00e9 byty<\/p>\n
V kombinaci s\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy to vedlo k\u00a0situaci, kter\u00e1 je dnes t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e1. \u201eNa za\u010d\u00e1tku 90.\u00a0let byla z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e spl\u00e1tky v\u016f\u010di p\u0159\u00edjm\u016fm klidn\u011b i\u00a0p\u0159es 100\u00a0procent. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, \u010dlov\u011bk by dal za hypot\u00e9ku v\u00edc ne\u017e cel\u00fd sv\u016fj m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem,\u201c popisuje Ostatek.<\/p>\n
Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla tento obraz potvrzuj\u00ed. V\u00a0roce 1995\u00a0odpov\u00eddala spl\u00e1tka zhruba 145\u00a0procent\u016fm pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy. Je\u0161t\u011b o\u00a0n\u011bkolik let pozd\u011bji se pohybovala kolem hranice 100\u00a0procent.<\/p>\n
\u201eHypot\u00e9ky tehdy \u010derpali lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed podnikali nebo m\u011bli v\u00edc zdroj\u016f p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f. Museli b\u00fdt sezdan\u00ed – proto\u017ee dru\u017eky a\u00a0druhov\u00e9 nepro\u0161li – a\u00a0prokazateln\u011b dokl\u00e1dat p\u0159\u00edjmy. Prost\u011b \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd model dostupnosti,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Ostatek.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0dne\u0161kem se ale ukazuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd fakt. Pokud by dne\u0161n\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hypot\u00e9ka p\u0159es \u010dty\u0159i miliony korun nesla \u00faroky typick\u00e9 pro 90.\u00a0l\u00e9ta, m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed spl\u00e1tka by se pohybovala kolem 46\u00a0tis\u00edc korun, tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na \u00farovni cel\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu. Dnes se pod\u00edl spl\u00e1tky dr\u017e\u00ed zhruba kolem 40\u00a0procent.<\/p>\n
Z p\u0159\u00edkladu je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed situaci slo\u017eit\u00e9 dostupnosti bydlen\u00ed nen\u00ed hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem samotn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e \u00farokov\u00fdch sazeb, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ceny nemovitost\u00ed. \u201eSou\u010dasn\u00e9 sazby nejsou probl\u00e9m. Probl\u00e9m jsou ceny nemovitost\u00ed, ty jsou prost\u011b obrovsk\u00e9,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Ostatek.<\/p>\n
Posun je dob\u0159e vid\u011bt i\u00a0na v\u00fd\u0161i pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho \u00fav\u011bru. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0polovin\u011b 90.\u00a0let si lid\u00e9 p\u016fj\u010dovali na bydlen\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru kolem 780\u00a0tis\u00edc korun, dnes pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 hypot\u00e9ka p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1 hranici \u010dty\u0159 milion\u016f.<\/p>\n
St\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory<\/p>\n
S t\u00edm souvis\u00ed i\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bna podm\u00ednek. D\u0159\u00edve bylo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9, zda dom\u00e1cnost zvl\u00e1dne m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed spl\u00e1tku. Dnes je pro mnoho lid\u00ed rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, zda se v\u016fbec dostanou k\u00a0pot\u0159ebn\u00e9mu vstupn\u00edmu kapit\u00e1lu. Zat\u00edmco na za\u010d\u00e1tku tis\u00edcilet\u00ed bylo b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 financovat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 celou hodnotu nemovitosti, dnes mus\u00ed m\u00edt \u017eadatel \u010d\u00e1st prost\u0159edk\u016f naspo\u0159enou. U\u00a0lid\u00ed do 36\u00a0let jde minim\u00e1ln\u011b o\u00a010\u00a0procent z\u00a0ceny nemovitosti, u\u00a0star\u0161\u00edch je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce.<\/p>\n
V konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch \u010d\u00edslech to znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdraznou bari\u00e9ru. U\u00a0bytu o\u00a0velikosti 70\u00a0metr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch s\u00a0cenou kolem 90\u00a0tis\u00edc korun za metr mus\u00ed z\u00e1jemce po\u010d\u00edtat s\u00a0vlastn\u00edmi prost\u0159edky p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00edmi 600\u00a0tis\u00edc korun.<\/p>\n
\u201eNaspo\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00edch zdroj\u016f vn\u00edm\u00e1m jako naprosto nerovn\u00fd boj. Mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u010dasto z\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed n\u00e1jem a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00ed se dohnat rostouc\u00ed ceny nemovitost\u00ed, co\u017e je pro \u0159adu z\u00a0nich t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9,\u201c podot\u00fdk\u00e1 Rotrekl.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V \u010cesku dlouhodob\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed je standard. Podle statistik v\u00a0n\u011bm \u017eij\u00ed zhruba t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Jen\u017ee…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":62422,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[67,68,4772,3165,1984,3044,5662],"class_list":{"0":"post-62421","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-byznys","8":"tag-business","9":"tag-byznys","10":"tag-ceny-nemovitosti","11":"tag-dostupnost-bydleni","12":"tag-hypoteky","13":"tag-mladi-lide","14":"tag-uver"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116446711116100392","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62421\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}