{"id":63619,"date":"2026-04-23T07:14:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T07:14:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/63619\/"},"modified":"2026-04-23T07:14:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T07:14:10","slug":"subaru-x-100-melo-dojet-z-floridy-do-kalifornie-na-jednu-nadrz-zvladlo-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/63619\/","title":{"rendered":"Subaru X-100 m\u011blo dojet z Floridy do Kalifornie na jednu n\u00e1dr\u017e. Zvl\u00e1dlo to?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zat\u00edmco historick\u00e9 Subaru 360 zn\u00e1 skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd, koncept podivn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edkolky X-100 podobaj\u00edc\u00ed se letadlu je v na\u0161ich kon\u010din\u00e1ch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezn\u00e1m\u00fd. \u0160lo o super\u00fasporn\u00fd demonstr\u00e1tor z dob prvn\u00ed ropn\u00e9 krize v USA.<\/p>\n

Japonsk\u00e1 firma Subaru proslula v\u00fdrobou aut s pohonem v\u0161ech kol, ale tak\u00e9 motory do mal\u00fdch letadel \u010di dokonce jejich v\u00fdrobou v r\u00e1mci mate\u0159sk\u00e9ho koncernu FHI (Fuji Heavy Industries). Ned\u00e1vno firma uk\u00e1zala na facebooku n\u011bkolik historick\u00fdch model\u016f. A zat\u00edmco Subaru 360 je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e9, podivn\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edkolka doutn\u00edkov\u00e9ho tvaru p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed trup letadla ozna\u010den\u00e1 X-100 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezn\u00e1m\u00e1. O co tedy jde?<\/p>\n

Ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201e100\u201c m\u011blo ukazovat na hlavn\u00ed smysl cel\u00e9ho konceptu, kter\u00fdm byla spot\u0159eba benzinu 100 MPG (miles per galon), tedy ujet sto mil na pouh\u00fd jeden galon benzinu. Prost\u00fdm p\u0159epo\u010dtem to je 2,35 litru na 100 km. Dnes pro plug-in hybridy nic nedosa\u017eiteln\u00e9ho. Jen\u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Subaru X-100 se bav\u00edme o prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 70. let.<\/p>\n

\"Vysm\u00edvan\u00e9<\/a>Vysm\u00edvan\u00e9 Subaru 360 z roku 1969 se prodalo za \u0161\u00edlen\u00fdch 1,2 milionu K\u010d<\/a><\/p>\n

Rok 1973 se v z\u00e1padn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b nesl ve znamen\u00ed prvn\u00ed ropn\u00e9 krize. Ta zp\u016fsobila rapidn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ceny fosiln\u00edch paliv b\u011bhem velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou byla Jomkipursk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka, v po\u0159ad\u00ed u\u017e p\u00e1t\u00fd arabsko-izraelsk\u00fd konflikt. Dne 6. \u0159\u00edjna 1973, ve sv\u00e1tek Jom kipur do\u0161lo k napaden\u00ed Izraele sousedn\u00ed S\u00fdri\u00ed a Egyptem, kter\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u011b podporovaly dal\u0161\u00ed (v\u011bt\u0161ina) arabsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, mnoh\u00e9 z nich z \u201eropn\u00e9ho\u201c sdru\u017een\u00ed OPEC. A tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b v\u00fdchodn\u00edho bloku v\u010detn\u011b SSSR. Na stran\u011b Izraele st\u00e1ly p\u0159irozen\u011b USA. A pr\u00e1v\u011b to zp\u016fsobilo rapidn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen ropy na z\u00e1pad\u011b a zejm\u00e9na v USA. Cel\u00e1 situace velmi p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 sou\u010dasnost, kdy Izrael s USA v\u00e1l\u010d\u00ed s \u00cdr\u00e1nem, kter\u00fd je rovn\u011b\u017e sv\u011btov\u00fd v\u00fdvozce ropy.<\/p>\n

To p\u0159im\u011blo motoristy, aby za\u010dali \u0159e\u0161it hospod\u00e1rnost p\u0159i cest\u00e1ch se sv\u00fdmi vozy. Zejm\u00e9na v USA \u0161lo o v\u011bc do t\u00e9 doby nev\u00eddanou. Najednou za\u010dali automobilky hledat cesty jak sn\u00ed\u017eit pokud mo\u017eno v\u00fdrazn\u011b spot\u0159ebu pohonn\u00fdch hmot.<\/p>\n

Aerodynamika zlep\u0161uje hospod\u00e1rnost<\/p>\n

Projekt Subaru X-100 m\u011bl uk\u00e1zat cestu k velmi hospod\u00e1rn\u00e9mu vozidlu. My\u0161lenka postavit takov\u00e9 auto se zrodila v hlav\u011b automobilov\u00e9ho design\u00e9ra Alexe Tremuluse. Ten se ve sv\u00fdch d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1vrz\u00edch v\u017edy sna\u017eil o aerodynamicky \u010dist\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed karoseri\u00ed voz\u016f. To je z\u0159ejm\u00e9 z jeho n\u00e1vrh\u016f karoserie vozu Cord 812 Phaeton, nebo je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce z konceptu Ford Thunderbird Mexico z roku 1956. Jeho nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00edlo p\u0159edstavuje Tucker 48, rozm\u011brn\u00fd sedan vyroben\u00fd v po\u010dtu pouh\u00fdch 50 kus\u016f, jeho\u017e tvary dodnes okouzl\u00ed. Ostatn\u011b jeho zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jm\u00e9no Torpedo je velmi trefn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"Zapomenut\u00fd<\/a>Zapomenut\u00fd Citro\u00ebn Eole m\u011bl skv\u011blou aerodynamiku i super techniku. Ale v podivn\u00e9m h\u00e1vu<\/a><\/p>\n

Koncem 70. let pracoval Tremulus jako konzultant Subaru of America. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b oslovil gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele Subaru of America Harveyho Lamma s my\u0161lenkou efektn\u00edho t\u0159\u00edkolov\u00e9ho vozu, kter\u00fd by byl hospod\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cokoliv, co do t\u00e9 doby vzniklo. C\u00edlem byla ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 spot\u0159eba paliva 100 MPG, je\u017e by z\u00e1rove\u0148 zaru\u010dila schopnost vozu urazit vzd\u00e1lenost p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2500 mil mezi Kaliforni\u00ed a Floridou bez tankov\u00e1n\u00ed, tedy na jednu plnou n\u00e1dr\u017e. P\u0159i t\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti cht\u011bl Tremulus vyu\u017e\u00edt uschovanou starou n\u00e1dr\u017e z k\u0159\u00eddla letadla. Letadla jej tak\u00e9 inspirovala p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed X-100. To tak m\u011blo svislou ocasn\u00ed plochu (obdobu vertik\u00e1ln\u00edho stabiliz\u00e1toru letounu) a tak\u00e9 bo\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stavce, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly k\u0159\u00eddla, by\u0165 byla velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 a prim\u00e1rn\u011b slou\u017eila pro aerodynamick\u00e9 zakryt\u00ed p\u00e1ru zadn\u00edch hnac\u00edch kol.<\/p>\n

\"Vykl\u00e1p\u011bc\u00ed<\/a>Vykl\u00e1p\u011bc\u00ed sv\u011btlomety b\u00fdvaly b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 nejen u spor\u0165\u00e1k\u016f. Pro\u010d u\u017e se dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed?<\/a><\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd podvozek tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednal letadlo s podvozkem takzvan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00ed\u010fov\u00e9ho typu, kdy vp\u0159edu je pouze jedno kolo. Zadn\u00ed kola poh\u00e1n\u011bl motor o objemu 500 cm3 p\u0159evzat\u00fd z vozu t\u0159\u00eddy Kei firmy FHI (Subaru) pojmenovan\u00e9ho Rex. Motor byl namontovan\u00fd v pomocn\u00e9m trubkov\u00e9m r\u00e1mu a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd zcela vzadu. V n\u011bm bylo uchyceno i trubkov\u00e9 zav\u011b\u0161en\u00ed zadn\u00edch kol. Samotn\u00fd z\u00e1klad vozu tvo\u0159ila plechov\u00e1 vana tvarov\u011b podobn\u00e1 jako u monopost\u016f Formule 1.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00fdmi designov\u00fdmi prvky X-100 p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo Tremulusovo vozidlo Gyro-X, kter\u00e9 ale bylo pouze s dvoukolov\u00fdm podvozkem a jeho stabiln\u00ed stav zaji\u0161\u0165ovaly setrva\u010dn\u00edky (gyroskopy). Vzadu um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd v\u00fdvod v\u00fdfuku zase p\u0159ipom\u00ednal v\u00fdstupn\u00ed trysku reaktivn\u00edho motoru. A zadn\u00ed sv\u00edtilna poch\u00e1zela z konceptu Ford Thunderbird Mexico. Podvozek vozu v\u00e1\u017eil pouh\u00fdch 70 liber, tedy 31,7 kg.<\/p>\n

N\u011bjak se nedohodli<\/p>\n

Pokrokov\u00e9 vozidlo bohu\u017eel poznamenaly n\u011bkter\u00e9 logistick\u00e9 p\u0159e\u0161lapy. Karoserii si Tremulus stav\u011bl ve sv\u00e9 d\u00edln\u011b, kde\u017eto podvozek se kompletoval jinde u Rona Jonese. Oboje trvalo n\u011bkolik let. Vozidlo tak bylo hotov\u00e9 a\u017e v srpnu 1980, kdy dorazilo na Ontario Motor Speedway. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tady se m\u011blo ov\u011b\u0159it, zda se poda\u0159ilo splnit vyt\u010den\u00e9ho c\u00edle. Do vozu nainstalovali speci\u00e1ln\u00ed jednogalonovou n\u00e1dr\u017e paliva a s n\u00ed v\u016fz vyrazil na tra\u0165, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dodr\u017eoval nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlost 55 mph. Jezdil tak dlouho, dokud mu nedo\u0161el benzin. Prvn\u00ed pokus skon\u010dil p\u016fl kola za c\u00edlovou metou. T\u00fdm ud\u011blal n\u011bkter\u00e9 zm\u011bny a za volant se posadil Ron Jones, u n\u011bho\u017e se kompletoval podvozek vozu. On s\u00e1m byl leh\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed jezdec, co\u017e se nakonec uk\u00e1zalo jako \u0161\u0165astn\u00fd krok. P\u0159i druh\u00e9m pokusu do\u0161el benzin p\u016fl kola za hranic\u00ed 100 mil. A to byl \u00fasp\u011bch.<\/p>\n

\"Ve<\/a>Ve \u0161lapac\u00edm aut\u011b na d\u00e1lnici? Francouzi p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed unik\u00e1tn\u00ed hybrid<\/a><\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed zb\u00fdvalo n\u00e1dr\u017e na jeden galon benzinu nahradit zm\u00edn\u011bnou leteckou na 25 galon\u016f a vyrazit nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Amerikou. Jen\u017ee k tomu nikdy nedo\u0161lo. Ob\u011b palivov\u00e9 krize ze 70. let u\u017e byly minulost\u00ed a tak\u00e9 Subaru se na americk\u00e9m trhu ji\u017e sta\u010dilo etablovat. Financovat projektu, kde hlavn\u00ed roli hr\u00e1lo podivn\u00e9 auto, kter\u00e9 si lid\u00e9 nemohli koupit, se uk\u00e1zalo jako nesmysl. A jak vlastn\u011b X-100 skon\u010dilo? V\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota str\u00e1vilo ve skladu, pot\u00e9 bylo ob\u010das vystaveno v muzeu Lane Motor Museum.<\/p>\n

\"Video<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tSubaru Solterra \u2022 auto.cz\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Jalopnik, webov\u00e1 str\u00e1nka Rongineer, Wikipedia,\u00a0Foto:\u00a0Jalopnik a Rongineer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zat\u00edmco historick\u00e9 Subaru 360 zn\u00e1 skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd, koncept podivn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edkolky X-100 podobaj\u00edc\u00ed se letadlu je v na\u0161ich kon\u010din\u00e1ch…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":63620,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[12047,67,68,21810,21811,2478,768,2812,3234,78,21809,424],"class_list":{"0":"post-63619","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-byznys","8":"tag-aerodynamika","9":"tag-business","10":"tag-byznys","11":"tag-kei","12":"tag-kei-car","13":"tag-koncept","14":"tag-redakcni-video","15":"tag-studie","16":"tag-subaru","17":"tag-technika","18":"tag-trikolka","19":"tag-video"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116452790451155185","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63619"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63619\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/63620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}