{"id":65844,"date":"2026-04-25T08:36:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T08:36:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/65844\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T08:36:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T08:36:09","slug":"v-polsku-nasli-diky-ceskym-vypoctum-trikilovy-meteorit-spadl-minuly-tyden","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/65844\/","title":{"rendered":"V Polsku na\u0161li d\u00edky \u010desk\u00fdm v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016fm t\u0159\u00edkilov\u00fd meteorit. Spadl minul\u00fd t\u00fdden"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u011bleso za\u010dalo p\u0159i vstupu do atmosf\u00e9ry natolik sv\u00edtit, \u017ee mohlo b\u00fdt zaznamen\u00e1no kamerami, a\u00a0to ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 84\u00a0kilometr\u016f nad zem\u00ed p\u0159i rychlosti p\u0159es 13\u00a0km\/s\u00a0\u2013 tedy se pohybovalo pom\u011brn\u011b pomalu. A\u00a0proto\u017ee v\u00a0tu dobu bylo jasno nejen nad v\u011bt\u0161inou na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed, ale i\u00a0nad velkou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy v\u010detn\u011b Polska, tak jej vid\u011blo hodn\u011b lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e data a\u00a0v\u00fdpo\u010dty jednozna\u010dn\u011b ukazovaly, \u017ee do\u0161lo k\u00a0p\u00e1du meteoritu slo\u017een\u00e9ho p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze \u017eeleza na \u00fazem\u00ed Polska. P\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed po meteoritu prob\u00edhalo ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0p\u0159edstaviteli polsk\u00e9 bolidov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b Skytinel, jej\u00ed\u017e kamery bolid tak\u00e9 zaznamenaly. Ve st\u0159edu r\u00e1no 22.\u00a0dubna jsme po pe\u010dliv\u00e9m modelov\u00e1n\u00ed bolidu poslali koleg\u016fm up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed p\u00e1dov\u00e9 oblasti a\u00a0p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 hmotnosti \u017eelezn\u00e9ho meteoritu na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2,7\u00a0kg. \u017delezn\u00fd meteorit o\u00a0hmotnosti 2,9\u00a0kg byl skute\u010dn\u011b 22.\u00a0dubna odpoledne nalezen,\u201c popsali nyn\u00ed Pavel Spurn\u00fd, Ji\u0159\u00ed Borovi\u010dka a\u00a0Luk\u00e1\u0161 Shrben\u00fd z\u00a0Odd\u011blen\u00ed meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00ed hmoty Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1lezci meteoritu jsou Anna Walczakov\u00e1 a\u00a0Pawe\u0142 Walczak, kte\u0159\u00ed byli sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed skupiny p\u00e1traj\u00edc\u00ed po meteoritu ji\u017e od ned\u011ble 19.\u00a0dubna. Meteorit byl cel\u00fd zabo\u0159en\u00fd v\u00a0zemi v\u00a0hloubce 40\u00a0cm a\u00a0zasyp\u00e1n asi deseti centimetry kypr\u00e9 zeminy. T\u011bleso sv\u00fdm tvarem p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 troj\u00faheln\u00edkovit\u00fd disk o\u00a0rozm\u011brech p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 14,5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a011,5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a06,5\u00a0cm.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed m\u00edsto n\u00e1lezu si pol\u0161t\u00ed odborn\u00edci zat\u00edm nep\u0159ej\u00ed zve\u0159ejnit, proto tuzem\u0161t\u00ed astronomov\u00e9 nezve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed ani p\u0159edpokl\u00e1danou p\u00e1dovou oblast.<\/p>\n

\u201eJedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0cenn\u00fd v\u011bdeck\u00fd vzorek ze Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy. Proto chceme, aby meteority hledali v\u011bdci nebo dobrovoln\u00edci pod dohledem v\u011bdc\u016f, a\u00a0ne sb\u011bra\u010di, kte\u0159\u00ed je pak prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed na burze,\u201c vysv\u011btlil u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve pro Novinky tiskov\u00fd tajemn\u00edk Astronomick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR Pavel Suchan.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fb\u011bh letu t\u011blesa<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem letu se meteoroid brzdil, tavil, odpa\u0159oval a\u00a0\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b rozpadal. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0jin\u00fdmi se v\u0161ak jednalo o\u00a0velmi soudr\u017en\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Jeliko\u017e ve spektrech byly dob\u0159e viditeln\u00e9 pouze \u010d\u00e1ry \u017eeleza a\u00a0niklu, bylo podle astronom\u016f jasn\u00e9, \u017ee jde o\u00a0vz\u00e1cn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u017eelezn\u00e9ho meteoroidu.<\/p>\n

V maximu dos\u00e1hl bolid, ozna\u010den\u00fd jako EN170426_185359, absolutn\u00ed jasnosti srovnateln\u00e9 s\u00a0jasnost\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce v\u00a0\u00fapl\u0148ku. Jednalo se o\u00a0velmi soudr\u017en\u00fd meteoroid (p\u016fvodn\u00ed t\u011bleso), tak\u017ee pronikl velmi hluboko do atmosf\u00e9ry. Pohasl po t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sedmi sekund\u00e1ch letu ve v\u00fd\u0161ce pouh\u00fdch 14\u00a0kilometr\u016f nad zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, co\u017e je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b n\u00edzko. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b se pohyboval rychlost\u00ed u\u017e jen 2,3\u00a0km\/s.<\/p>\n

V atmosf\u00e9\u0159e ulet\u011blo t\u011bleso meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00ed hmoty t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 75\u00a0km sv\u011bteln\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy, cel\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha le\u017eela z\u00e1padn\u011b od polsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Lod\u017e. Meteorit pak pokra\u010doval po temn\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze a\u00a0po zhruba 70\u00a0sekund\u00e1ch dopadl voln\u00fdm p\u00e1dem na zemsk\u00fd povrch rychlost\u00ed kolem 100\u00a0m\/s.<\/p>\n

Foto: Prof. Szymon Koz\u0142owski, Univerzita ve Var\u0161av\u011b<\/p>\n

Objekt se bude nad\u00e1le analyzovat, jedn\u00e1 se ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b teprve o\u00a0druh\u00fd \u017eelezn\u00fd meteorit s\u00a0rodokmenem, tj. takov\u00fd, jeho\u017e dr\u00e1ha je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, a\u00a0v\u016fbec o\u00a0prvn\u00ed, kdy se poda\u0159ilo na z\u00e1klad\u011b spektr\u00e1ln\u00edch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed bolidu p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee p\u016fjde o\u00a0\u017eelezn\u00fd meteorit.<\/p>\n

Dr\u00e1ha p\u016fvodn\u00edho meteoroidu Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavou byla m\u00edrn\u011b sklon\u011bn\u00e1 k\u00a0rovin\u011b ekliptiky, tj. rovin\u011b zemsk\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslun\u00ed se jen velmi t\u011bsn\u011b dost\u00e1vala bl\u00ed\u017ee ke Slunci, ne\u017e je dr\u00e1ha Zem\u011b, a\u00a0v odslun\u00ed zasahovala do vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti p\u00e1su asteroid\u016f, tedy do oblasti mezi dr\u00e1hami planet Mars a\u00a0Jupiter. Jeden ob\u011bh kolem Slunce trval necel\u00e9 dva pozemsk\u00e9 roky. Tento charakter dr\u00e1hy je typick\u00fd pro meteoroidy asteroid\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pro objasn\u011bn\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho \u00fakazu bylo rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee se poda\u0159il zaznamenat speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji, kter\u00e9 jsou rozm\u00edst\u011bny na velk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy na stanic\u00edch Evropsk\u00e9 bolidov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e centrum je v\u00a0Astronomick\u00e9m \u00fastavu AV \u010cR v\u00a0Ond\u0159ejov\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jedin\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eelezn\u00fd meteorit se zn\u00e1mou dr\u00e1hou spadl v\u00a0roce 2020\u00a0ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku a\u00a0m\u011bl hmotnost 14\u00a0kg.<\/p>\n

Meteoroid, meteor, meteorit, bolid<\/p>\n

Dokud se drobn\u00e1 t\u011blesa (v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed asteroidy) pohybuj\u00ed mimo zemskou atmosf\u00e9ru, naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed se meteoroidy. P\u0159i vstupu do atmosf\u00e9ry meteoroid vzplane vlivem ionizace molekul jeho okol\u00ed. Takov\u00fd efekt se pak naz\u00fdv\u00e1 meteor. Pokud je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b jasn\u00fd (hranice nen\u00ed pevn\u011b dan\u00e1), naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se meteor bolid. V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto t\u011bles je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed dopadem sho\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Kdy\u017e v\u0161ak \u00falomky dopadnou na zem, naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed se meteority. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u011bleso za\u010dalo p\u0159i vstupu do atmosf\u00e9ry natolik sv\u00edtit, \u017ee mohlo b\u00fdt zaznamen\u00e1no kamerami, a\u00a0to ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 84\u00a0kilometr\u016f nad…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":65845,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[22346,2727,22344,109,108,106,9407,22345,22154,117],"class_list":{"0":"post-65844","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-evropa","8":"tag-astronomicky-ustav-av-cr","9":"tag-astronomie","10":"tag-bolid","11":"tag-europa","12":"tag-europe","13":"tag-evropa","14":"tag-meteority","15":"tag-meteoroidy","16":"tag-meteory","17":"tag-polsko"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116464438044783180","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65844"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65844\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}