{"id":65953,"date":"2026-04-25T10:42:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T10:42:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/65953\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T10:42:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T10:42:11","slug":"detem-v-ustavu-meli-pracovnici-nadavat-do-prasat-zasahl-ustavni-soud","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/65953\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u011btem v\u00a0\u00fastavu m\u011bli pracovn\u00edci nad\u00e1vat do prasat. Zas\u00e1hl \u00dastavn\u00ed soud"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zpr\u00e1va<\/a> z\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy t\u00fdmu Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho ochr\u00e1nce pr\u00e1v v\u00a0jednom ze st\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fdch domov\u016f popisuje nap\u0159\u00edklad zprost\u0159edkovan\u00e9 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee se k\u00a0bit\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edval p\u0159edm\u011bt popsan\u00fd jako \u201egumov\u00fd had\u201c nebo l\u017e\u00edce na boty.<\/p>\n

\u0160et\u0159en\u00ed tak\u00e9 zmi\u0148uje, \u017ee person\u00e1l na d\u011btsk\u00e9 klienty opakovan\u011b zvy\u0161oval hlas. \u201eA pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed agresivn\u00ed a\u017e zastra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed t\u00f3n, vulg\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdrazy a\u00a0poni\u017euj\u00ed je. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, kdy\u017e m\u00e1 klient \u201anehodu\u2018 se stolic\u00ed \u010di mo\u010d\u00ed, nad\u00e1vaj\u00ed mu do \u201aprasat\u2018 a\u00a0podobn\u011b,\u201c stoj\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1pisu.<\/p>\n

Pracovnice kancel\u00e1\u0159e ochr\u00e1nce pr\u00e1v tak\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edmo za\u017eily, jak specificky se d\u011bti p\u0159isunovaly ke stolu. \u201eJedna z\u00a0pracovnic v\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch kopala p\u0159i ob\u011bd\u011b do \u017eidle, na kter\u00e9 sed\u011bl klient (ve v\u011bku 9\u00a0let), aby jej t\u00edm p\u0159isunula ke stolu,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159estupku se podle policist\u016f mohli dopustit \u010dty\u0159i zam\u011bstnanci t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u00e1chali fyzick\u00e9 a\u00a0psychick\u00e9 n\u00e1sil\u00ed na klientech, u\u00a0kter\u00fdch vyvol\u00e1vali pocit strachu a\u00a0obavy z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fajmy. Podle z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ale k\u00a0trestn\u00e9mu \u010dinu nedo\u0161lo a\u00a0policie v\u011bc poslala do p\u0159estupkov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. K\u00a0jin\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru nedo\u0161lo ani Okresn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed v\u00a0Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi, \u010di\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b\u00a0Krajsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed zastupitelstv\u00ed v\u00a0Praze.<\/p>\n

\u00dastavn\u00ed soud se ale v\u00a0ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fastavn\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti zastal jednoho z\u00a0klient\u016f, kter\u00fd rozporoval, \u017ee jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nebylo jako trestn\u00fd \u010din vyhodnoceno. \u201eTakov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, neomezen\u00e9 dostate\u010dn\u00fdmi pravidly, m\u016f\u017ee jednak p\u016fsobit na ob\u011bti jako zdroj prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich bezmoci, u\u017e tak zna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00a0d\u016fsledku jejich znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed, tak i\u00a0jako zdroj pocitu beztrestnosti, respektive neposti\u017eitelnosti u\u00a0osob dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch se takov\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed na stran\u011b druh\u00e9,\u201c uvedl ve sv\u00e9m zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed<\/a> \u00dastavn\u00ed soud.<\/p>\n

Pro pr\u00e1vn\u00edho z\u00e1stupce klienta, advok\u00e1ta Maro\u0161e Matia\u0161ka, kter\u00fd se specializuje na lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, jde o\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed hned v\u00a0n\u011bkolika ohledech: soud pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 stav extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnosti, mluv\u00ed o\u00a0trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti provozovatele a\u00a0mezi \u0159\u00e1dky m\u00e1 i\u00a0nab\u00e1dat spole\u010dnost k\u00a0odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnosti.<\/p>\n

Nad\u011bje pro d\u011bti<\/p>\n

Je v\u00fdsledek, tedy, \u017ee \u00dastavn\u00ed soud dal va\u0161emu klientovi za pravdu a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad vr\u00e1til policii, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 zohlednit specifick\u00e9 okolnosti v\u011bci, zadostiu\u010din\u011bn\u00edm?<\/p>\n

Ur\u010dit\u011b. M\u00e1 to rovinu nad\u011bje, \u017ee se v\u011bci mohou zm\u011bnit a\u00a0\u017ee i\u00a0jin\u00e9 d\u011bti nebudou muset podobn\u00e9 situace za\u017e\u00edt. A\u00a0\u017ee se ve 21.\u00a0stolet\u00ed stane prioritou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politika kraj\u016f. A\u00a0zejm\u00e9na pokud jde o\u00a0d\u011bti s\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm. Za m\u011b je to stra\u0161n\u011b siln\u00e9, proto\u017ee to nen\u00ed jen o\u00a0na\u0161em st\u011b\u017eovateli, ale zvy\u0161uje se ochrana d\u011bt\u00ed se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm v\u00a0cel\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

V jak\u00e9m smyslu? V\u00a0\u010dem je n\u00e1lez z\u00e1sadn\u00ed?<\/p>\n

\u00dastavn\u00ed soud operuje s\u00a0pojmem extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost. Mluv\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee d\u011bti se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou je\u0161t\u011b nav\u00edc v\u00a0\u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, kde jsou pod \u00faplnou a\u00a0efektivn\u00ed kontrolou zam\u011bstnanc\u016f za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jsou ve specifick\u00e9 situaci zranitelnosti. N\u00e1lez je podle m\u011b hrozn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd v\u00a0tom, \u017ee pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost. M\u00e1me ob\u011b\u0165 a\u00a0je ot\u00e1zka, kdy u\u017e je to trestn\u00e1 \u010dinnost a\u00a0kdy p\u0159estupek.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee se hled\u00e1 hranice a\u00a0do toho vstupuje pr\u00e1v\u011b fakt, \u017ee \u0161lo o\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u011b zranitelnou osobu?<\/p>\n

Hled\u00e1 se hranice, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry je jedn\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017e \u0161kodliv\u00e9 natolik, aby u\u017e bylo trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed, a\u00a0kdy nen\u00ed moc \u0161kodliv\u00e9 a\u00a0sta\u010d\u00ed, aby se to posoudilo jako p\u0159estupek s\u00a0pokutou. \u00dastavn\u00ed soud \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201ePozor na situaci, kdy jde o\u00a0d\u011bti s\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0\u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di\u201c. Takov\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u011b zraniteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Tedy \u017ee se n\u00e1sob\u00ed zranitelnost nezletil\u00e9ho se zranitelnost\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, a\u00a0nav\u00edc pobytem v\u00a0\u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di?<\/p>\n

Ano, to jsou okolnosti, kter\u00e9 se u\u00a0na\u0161eho st\u011b\u017eovatele propojuj\u00ed. A\u00a0podle trestn\u00edho z\u00e1kon\u00edku by m\u011bla trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed reakce nastat v\u00a0situaci, kdy je sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n \u010din \u0161kodliv\u00fd. A\u00a0te\u010f je ot\u00e1zka, co znamen\u00e1 \u0161kodlivost? Tou je pr\u00e1v\u011b z\u00e1va\u017enost. Mus\u00edme posoudit, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry je ten \u010din z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd. To je stra\u0161n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Je to hozen\u00e1 rukavice pro org\u00e1ny v\u00a0trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, aby obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pe\u010dliv\u011b nejenom od\u016fvod\u0148ovaly rozhodnut\u00ed, ale i\u00a0velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b zva\u017eovaly, jestli to trestn\u011b nest\u00edhat. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee jde o\u00a0d\u00edt\u011b, pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee m\u00e1 znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee je v\u00a0\u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Proto je nutn\u00e9 posuzovat to mnohem p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bji a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161it tak ochranu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

A hrozn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je v\u011bc, kter\u00e1 se prol\u00edn\u00e1 s\u00a0tou zranitelnost\u00ed. D\u011bti s\u00a0posti\u017een\u00edm se v\u00a0\u00fastavech automaticky dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do situace, kterou soud pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 jako extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost. To n\u00e1m jin\u00fdmi slovy \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1me ud\u011blat v\u0161echno proto, aby d\u011bti nebyly v\u00a0situaci extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnosti, ale aby byly v\u00a0bezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost sah\u00e1 a\u017e k\u00a0z\u0159izovateli<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee tam c\u00edt\u00edte i\u00a0tlak na deinstitucionalizaci, na to, aby d\u011bti nebyly v\u00a0\u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di?<\/p>\n

\u010ctu to mezi \u0159\u00e1dky. Ale ano, je to tlak na deinstitucionalizaci a\u00a0skute\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9m adekv\u00e1tn\u00edm \u010dasov\u00e9m horizontu nem\u00edt za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tohoto typu.<\/p>\n

S t\u00edm se poj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc, kter\u00e1 zazn\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0n\u00e1lezu \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu, a\u00a0tou je trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch osob. To je za m\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed hrozn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u011bc.<\/p>\n

V situaci, kdy m\u00e1te d\u00edt\u011b v\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnosti a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0n\u00e1sil\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed ojedin\u011bl\u00fdm excesem, ale odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 se v\u00a0za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde se \u0161patn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem toleruje nebo se p\u0159ed t\u00edm zav\u00edraj\u00ed o\u010di, prost\u011b se o\u00a0n\u011bm v\u00ed a\u00a0ned\u011blaj\u00ed se adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed kroky, v\u00a0takov\u00e9 situaci podle \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu je relevantn\u00ed trestn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost managementu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Jde to podle m\u011b hrozn\u011b daleko. V\u00a0situaci, kdy kraj z\u0159izuje \u00fastav a\u00a0v\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00a0tom \u00fastavu doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke\u00a0\u0161patn\u00e9mu zach\u00e1zen\u00ed nebo systematick\u00e9mu n\u00e1sil\u00ed, mus\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b zareagovat. A\u00a0tady se to nestalo. Ombudsman tam byl dvakr\u00e1t. A\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bry jsou stejn\u00e9, k\u00a0n\u00e1prav\u011b nedo\u0161lo.<\/p>\n

Jsme p\u0159ipraven\u00ed poskytnout maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010dinnost, reaguje St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fd kraj<\/p>\n

St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fd kraj, kter\u00fd je z\u0159izovatelem \u00fastavu, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se od za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159istupuje k\u00a0situaci aktivn\u011b a\u00a0do\u0161lo i\u00a0ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m fungov\u00e1n\u00ed organizace. Rozhodnut\u00ed \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu respektuje.<\/p>\n

\u201eProvedli jsme person\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny, realizovali doporu\u010den\u00ed Kancel\u00e1\u0159e ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho ochr\u00e1nce pr\u00e1v a\u00a0zah\u00e1jili proces deinstitucionalizace za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Jsme p\u0159ipraveni nad\u00e1le poskytnout maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed sou\u010dinnost p\u0159i do\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti,\u201c popsal radn\u00ed pro oblast soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed Martin Hrab\u00e1nek (ODS).<\/p>\n

V \u00fastavu prob\u011bhly dv\u011b n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy t\u00fdmu Kancel\u00e1\u0159e Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho ochr\u00e1nce pr\u00e1v. Prvn\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2019, druh\u00e1 v\u00a0roce 2022.\u00a0Po druh\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b a\u00a0zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b kraj odvolal \u0159editele za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Policie p\u016fvodn\u011b jedn\u00e1n\u00ed neozna\u010dila za trestn\u00fd \u010din, nov\u011b ale do toho promlouv\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b ta zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost. Pomohl p\u0159\u00edpad l\u00e9pe ur\u010dit, kde je hranice trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu?<\/p>\n

Podle m\u011b ano. St\u00e1le jsme ale v\u00a0abstraktn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rovin\u011b. \u00dastavn\u00ed soud jednozna\u010dn\u011b ne\u0159ekl, \u017ee mus\u00ed trestn\u011b st\u00edhat. V\u00a0podstat\u011b \u0159ekl, \u017ee pokud chcete rozhodnout zp\u016fsobem, \u017ee nejde o\u00a0trestn\u00fd \u010din, ale p\u0159estupek, tak to mus\u00edte mnohem l\u00e9pe zd\u016fvodnit a\u00a0vz\u00edt do \u00favahy okolnosti. Zejm\u00e9na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost. D\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1vod a\u00a0orienta\u010dn\u00ed body, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9ho by rozhodnut\u00ed m\u011blo padnout. Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zranitelnost je podle m\u011b t\u00edm orienta\u010dn\u00edm bodem.<\/p>\n

A vy te\u010f zva\u017eujete jm\u00e9nem sv\u00e9ho klienta z\u0159izovatele nebo management domova za\u017ealovat?<\/p>\n

Je to otev\u0159en\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Zat\u00edm \u00dastavn\u00ed soud zru\u0161il napaden\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed, vrac\u00ed se to k\u00a0policii. Osobn\u011b mi d\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl vy\u010dkat na rozhodnut\u00ed. Mus\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b obs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho spisu vydat nov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed a\u00a0mnohem pregnantn\u011bji sepsat od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed. A\u00a0jenom douf\u00e1m, \u017ee to bude rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zah\u00e1j\u00ed trestn\u00ed st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed. Ot\u00e1zka je, jestli s\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zam\u011bstnankyn\u00ed, nebo pr\u00e1vnickou osobou. Ale z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na policii, pota\u017emo st\u00e1tn\u00edm zastupitelstv\u00ed. Tak\u017ee my asi po\u010dk\u00e1me.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zpr\u00e1va z\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy t\u00fdmu Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho ochr\u00e1nce pr\u00e1v v\u00a0jednom ze st\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fdch domov\u016f popisuje nap\u0159\u00edklad zprost\u0159edkovan\u00e9 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee se k\u00a0bit\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":65954,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[7868,43,42,41,40,444,1713,538,1067,7329],"class_list":{"0":"post-65953","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-advokati","9":"tag-ceska-republika","10":"tag-cesko","11":"tag-czech-republic","12":"tag-czechia","13":"tag-deti","14":"tag-lidska-prava","15":"tag-stredocesky-kraj","16":"tag-ustavni-soud","17":"tag-zdravotne-postizeni"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116464932949893038","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65953","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65953"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65953\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}