![\"Zlep\u0161il](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9784971.jpg\" "\\"Zlep\u0161il")
<\/a>Zlep\u0161il senior\u016fm ukazatele zdrav\u00ed a\u017e o \u010dty\u0159i roky. Dok\u00e1\u017eeme v\u00edc, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 investor p\u0159ed sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed v dlouhov\u011bkosti<\/a><\/p>\nSpolupracoval jste s\u00a0Ivanem Rosenbergem ze skupiny Anton\u00edna Hol\u00e9ho, pozd\u011bji jste byl bl\u00edzko i\u00a0profesoru Hol\u00e9mu samotn\u00e9mu. Jak\u00fdm byl \u010dlov\u011bkem profesor Hol\u00fd? Pr\u00fd n\u011bkdy bylo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 s\u00a0n\u00edm n\u011bco vyjednat, pokud m\u011bl s\u00e1m odli\u0161n\u00fd pohled na v\u011bc\u2026<\/p>\n
Profesor Hol\u00fd v\u011bd\u011bl, \u010deho chce ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci dos\u00e1hnout. To podle m\u011b bylo inspiruj\u00edc\u00ed a\u00a0pro m\u011b cennou lekc\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edkladem do za\u010d\u00e1tku. Soust\u0159edil se v\u017edy na to, aby z\u00a0jeho chemick\u00fdch projekt\u016f vzniklo n\u011bco prakticky vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9ho. Byl dost nekompromisn\u00ed a\u00a0za sv\u00fdmi objevy a\u00a0jejich smyslupln\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u0161el p\u0159\u00edmo\u010da\u0159e. N\u011bkter\u00fdm lidem se mohlo zd\u00e1t, \u017ee nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 s\u00a0n\u00edm vyj\u00edt, ale tohle prost\u011b byla jeho filozofie. Pokud ji \u010dlov\u011bk sd\u00edlel, dok\u00e1zal s\u00a0n\u00edm pak nav\u00e1zat u\u017e\u0161\u00ed kontakt a\u00a0postupem \u010dasu z\u00a0toho byla v\u00edce pozitivn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n
Co jste se od n\u011bj nau\u010dil?<\/p>\n
Soust\u0159ed\u011bnosti na c\u00edl a\u00a0nutnosti hledat pokud mo\u017eno tu nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestu. Vlastn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat v\u011bdu a\u00a0v\u00fdzkum jako prost\u0159edek, jak se dostat ke kone\u010dn\u00e9mu c\u00edli. V\u00edte, v\u011bdci mohou m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u016fvody, pro\u010d d\u011blaj\u00ed svoji pr\u00e1ci. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed jsou zv\u011bdav\u00ed a\u00a0cht\u011bj\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it n\u011bjakou ot\u00e1zku, kter\u00e1 je zaj\u00edm\u00e1, a\u00a0ta v\u011bda, b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed samo o\u00a0sob\u011b, je na tom cel\u00e9m pro n\u011b t\u00edm podstatn\u00fdm. J\u00e1 jsem se ve sv\u00e9m oboru pom\u011brn\u011b brzy nau\u010dil, \u017ee v\u011bda umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed postup i\u00a0u\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch projekt\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00e1, m\u00e9n\u011b origin\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00edce \u00fa\u010delov\u00e1, ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, k\u00a0\u010demu v\u00e1s nakonec dovede.<\/p>\n
Vy jste pak odjel na podzim roku 1994 na postdoktorandskou st\u00e1\u017e do USA. Jak\u00e9 to bylo p\u0159ijet tam s\u00e1m s\u00a0pr\u00e1zdnou kapsou a\u00a0za\u010d\u00ednat od nuly?<\/p>\n
M\u011bl jsem tam od za\u010d\u00e1tku svoji rodinu, co\u017e bylo ohromn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Tehdy jsme samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nev\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee u\u017e v\u00a0USA de facto zakotv\u00edme. Bylo velk\u00fdm \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm, \u017ee jsme se dostali p\u0159\u00edmo do San Franciska v\u00a0Kalifornii do Bay Area, kter\u00e1 je kol\u00e9bkou biotech pr\u016fmyslu. Zap\u016fsobila na m\u011b neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 diverzita nejen obyvatelstva a\u00a0spole\u010dnosti, ale i\u00a0v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, univerzit a\u00a0investorsk\u00fdch firem.<\/p>\n
Ale za\u010d\u00e1tek byl pro m\u011b dost n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, musel jsem se u\u010dit anglicky, abych mohl odborn\u011b komunikovat s\u00a0kolegy, plus tam byly kulturn\u00ed rozd\u00edly, tak\u017ee ta adaptace trvala na\u0161\u00ed rodin\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b dlouhou dobu a\u00a0bez porozum\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0podpory moj\u00ed man\u017eelky by to nebylo v\u016fbec mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Tehdy byla spole\u010dnost Gilead pom\u011brn\u011b malou firmou, m\u011bla zhruba 300\u00a0zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Jak by vypadal jej\u00ed rozvoj, pokud by nekoupila patenty profesora Hol\u00e9ho?<\/p>\n To se d\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eko odhadnout. Pokud jsou firmy jako Gilead flexibiln\u00ed a\u00a0maj\u00ed za sebou dobr\u00e9 investory, \u010dasto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee i\u00a0po zd\u00e1nliv\u011b slab\u00e9m za\u010d\u00e1tku zm\u011bn\u00ed sm\u011br a\u00a0najdou n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho. S\u00a0velmi schopn\u00fdm veden\u00edm, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0Gileadu od za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00a0\u010dele s\u00a0Johnem Martinem bylo, by \u0161lo ur\u010dit\u011b o\u00a0ten p\u0159\u00edpad. Ale ned\u00e1 se pop\u00edrat, \u017ee antivirotika z\u00a0Prahy od profesora Hol\u00e9ho, speci\u00e1ln\u011b Tenofovir pro l\u00e9\u010dbu a\u00a0prevenci HIV, byly velk\u00fdm pr\u016flomem a\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bly k\u00a0\u00fasp\u011bchu firmy hlavn\u011b v\u00a0jej\u00edch za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch.<\/p>\n Gilead opravdu v\u00a0za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch nem\u011bl schv\u00e1len\u00fd \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd l\u00e9kov\u00fd produkt. Tehdy v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let m\u011bl Gilead jen jednu l\u00e1tku v\u00a0klinick\u00fdch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch, shodou okolnost\u00ed tak\u00e9 od profesora Hol\u00e9ho. Povolen\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo v\u00a0roce 1996, ale pak trvalo dal\u0161\u00edch \u0161est let, ne\u017e se Gilead stal profitabiln\u00ed spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Tak\u017ee vid\u00edte, \u017ee v\u00a0na\u0161em oboru je trp\u011blivost investor\u016f velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1.<\/p>\n Budete hostem kv\u011btnov\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konference BioEquity Europe 2026 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b na investice do biotech pr\u016fmyslu. Jsou z\u00a0va\u0161eho pohledu investice dostate\u010dn\u00e9? Maj\u00ed investo\u0159i dost velkou odvahu?<\/p>\n Dnes se nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed investice vyskytuj\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti onkologie, imunitn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby \u010di metabolick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed 15\u00a0lety to bylo mnohem v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159eno na oblast infek\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed jako nap\u0159\u00edklad virov\u00e9 hepatitidy\u00a0C, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u011blo k\u00a0\u00fa\u017easn\u00e9mu pokroku v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch virov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 pandemie covidu-19. Sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem tedy investo\u0159i sleduj\u00ed hlavn\u011b nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti a\u00a0nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n Obecn\u011b lze ohledn\u011b mno\u017estv\u00ed investorsk\u00fdch pen\u011bz v\u00a0oboru biotech zaznamenat mnoh\u00e9 akvizice \u010di n\u00e1kupy licenc\u00ed, v\u00a0nich\u017e se p\u0159el\u00e9vaj\u00ed miliardy dolar\u016f za l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto st\u00e1le jen v\u00a0ran\u00fdch stadi\u00edch klinick\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek, p\u0159itom risk je tam velik\u00fd. Investo\u0159i se proto p\u0159irozen\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed rozprost\u0159\u00edt tento risk vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm diverzifikace nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d financovan\u00fdmi projekty. To pak m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak vytv\u00e1\u0159et synergick\u00e1 propojen\u00ed nov\u00fdch my\u0161lenek a\u00a0technologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n Jin\u00fdmi slovy biotech je pro investory p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed?<\/p>\n V\u017edycky to byla p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost. Pod\u00edvejte se na Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty a\u00a0\u010c\u00ednu. Rozvoj nov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed hlavn\u011b v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b nabral obrovsk\u00e9 obr\u00e1tky. A\u00a0velk\u00e9 farmaceutick\u00e9 firmy maj\u00ed dnes dostatek prost\u0159edk\u016f, aby z\u00edsk\u00e1valy nov\u00e9 projekty. Investo\u0159i se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed soust\u0159edit mnohem v\u00edce pr\u00e1v\u011b na tuto oblast, kde vznikaj\u00ed inovace a\u00a0potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010diva s\u00a0nov\u00fdmi mechanismy \u00fa\u010dinku a\u00a0na b\u00e1zi nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 terapie a\u00a0jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed nejen v\u00a0onkologii, ale i\u00a0v\u00a0jin\u00fdch oblastech.<\/p>\n Proto se velmi t\u011b\u0161\u00edm i\u00a0na konferenci v Praze, jsem velice optimistick\u00fd, \u017ee i\u00a0sektor st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy m\u00e1 neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd potenci\u00e1l v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm rozvoji biotech pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n BioEquity Europe poprv\u00e9 zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do Prahy<\/p>\n \n Presti\u017en\u00ed konference zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na investice do biotechnologi\u00ed se po 26 letech poprv\u00e9 uskute\u010dn\u00ed ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b.\n <\/p>\n \n Presti\u017en\u00ed konference BioEquity Europe prob\u011bhne poprv\u00e9 ve sv\u00e9 26let\u00e9 historii ve st\u0159edn\u00ed a v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, a to v Praze ve dnech 4.\u20136. kv\u011btna. Zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed se na investice do biotechnologi\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e po\u0159adatelstv\u00ed se ujala asociace Prague.bio spolu s IOCB Tech, i&i Biotech Fund a SOTIO Biotech za podpory hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy.\n <\/p>\n \n Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed CEO panelu bude krom\u011b Tom\u00e1\u0161e Cihl\u00e1\u0159e nap\u0159\u00edklad Radek \u0160p\u00ed\u0161ek reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed SOTIO Biotech. V diskuzi o v\u00fdvoji radiofarmak vystoup\u00ed Martina Bene\u0161ov\u00e1 Sch\u00e4fer z N\u011bmeck\u00e9ho centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny v Heidelbergu, kter\u00e1 se pod\u00edlela na v\u00fdvoji unik\u00e1tn\u00edho l\u00e9ku na rakovinu prostaty Pluvicto, a Miloslav Pol\u00e1\u0161ek, autor inovativn\u00edho zp\u016fsobu v\u00fdroby radioaktivn\u00edho izotopu lutecia 177.\n <\/p>\n \n Na konferenci se p\u0159edstav\u00ed tak\u00e9 ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd startup Deep MedChem, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 um\u011blou inteligenci k v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch typ\u016f l\u00e9\u010div. M\u00edstn\u00ed investorskou komunitu pak v programu zastoup\u00ed Tom\u00e1\u0161 Mar\u0161\u00e1lek, partner fondu i&i Biotech Fund.\n <\/p>\n Dnes se na sv\u011bt\u011b pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f spole\u010dnosti Gilead proti HIV l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed zhruba 15\u00a0milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Tak\u017ee ten skok byl u\u00a0v\u00e1s tak\u00e9 obrovsk\u00fd, \u017ee?<\/p>\n V\u00fdvoj antivirotik profesora Hol\u00e9ho v\u00a0tom zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0za\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch hr\u00e1l absolutn\u011b esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed roli. R\u00e1d bych je\u0161t\u011b jednou zm\u00ednil Tenofovir. Americk\u00fd \u00da\u0159ad pro kontrolu l\u00e9\u010div (FDA) ho povolil na l\u00e9\u010dbu HIV v\u00a0roce 2001. \u0160lo o\u00a0n\u00e1\u0161 prvn\u00ed velice \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed produkt. Pak n\u00e1sledovala \u0159ada v\u011bdeck\u00fdch i\u00a0technologick\u00fdch pr\u016flom\u016f, kter\u00e9 nakonec umo\u017enily vedouc\u00ed sv\u011btovou pozici Gileadu v\u00a0cel\u00e9 oblasti virologie a\u00a0antivirotik.<\/p>\n Dnes se na\u0161imi prost\u0159edky na HIV l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed kolem 15\u00a0milion\u016f pacient\u016f, ale k\u00a0tomu mus\u00edte zohlednit dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji p\u0159i\u0161ly na trh. T\u0159eba ty na l\u00e9\u010dbu hepatitidy\u00a0C, l\u00e9\u010dbu hepatitidy\u00a0B a\u00a0naposledy tak\u00e9 Remdesivir proti covidu, j\u00edm\u017e bylo b\u011bhem pandemie l\u00e9\u010deno kolem osm milion\u016f lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na lenakapavir, co\u017e je l\u00e1tka, kterou sta\u010d\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt injek\u010dn\u011b dvakr\u00e1t za rok a\u00a0s\u00a0\u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost\u00ed 99,9\u00a0procenta se zabr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159enosu viru HIV. Co vlastn\u011b za jej\u00edm v\u00fdvojem st\u00e1lo? P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee to byly des\u00edtky let a\u00a0stovky lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed na tom pracovali?<\/p>\n Za\u010dali jsme s\u00a0t\u00edm projektem v roce 2006 a\u00a0n\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1pad byl z\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti postaven na objevech z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u011bdy. \u0160lo o\u00a0zcela nov\u00fd princip, jak zac\u00edlit replikaci a\u00a0mno\u017een\u00ed viru HIV v\u00a0infikovan\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch. Za\u010dali jsme p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let nad t\u00edm, \u017ee na jednu z\u00a0kritick\u00fdch strukturn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed viru HIV, kter\u00e9 se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 virov\u00e1 kapsida, do t\u00e9 doby nikdo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 molekuly nebo inhibitory nevyvinul. Tak\u017ee n\u00e1m p\u0159ipadalo velice zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 se t\u00edmhle sm\u011brem pustit.<\/p>\n Prvn\u00edch 10\u00a0let jsme se v\u00a0podstat\u011b v\u011bnovali jenom tomu, abychom hledali nov\u00e9 molekuly, testovali a\u00a0optimalizovali je. A\u017e v\u00a0roce 2016 z\u00a0toho vy\u0161la fin\u00e1ln\u00ed molekula, kter\u00e1 se nejd\u0159\u00edv jmenovala GS-6207 a\u00a0pozd\u011bji dostala to generick\u00e9 jm\u00e9no lenakapavir.<\/p>\n Nejprve m\u011bla l\u00e1tka povoleno od \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f jen pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fazk\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed, \u017ee?<\/p>\n Ano, nejprve byl lenakapavir schv\u00e1len pro l\u00e9\u010dbu lid\u00ed s\u00a0HIV, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli \u0161iroce rozvinutou rezistenci na v\u011bt\u0161inu existuj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek proti HIV, tak\u017ee m\u011bli velmi omezen\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br, \u010d\u00edm se mohou \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit. Mezit\u00edm se rozjel rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd projekt na prevenci HIV v\u00a0n\u011bkolika velk\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch testech. Ten potom vyvrcholil v\u00a0minul\u00e9m roce, kdy byl lenakapavir povolen na prevenci HIV. To byl nakonec ten nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch, kter\u00fd n\u00e1sledoval po dvou dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch usilovn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n Pro\u010d se tomu je\u0161t\u011b ned\u00e1 \u0159\u00edkat o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, i\u00a0kdy\u017e l\u00e1tka funguje tak\u00e9 jako prevence?<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edte nad t\u00edm, jak funguje o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak jeho c\u00edlem je natr\u00e9novat v\u00e1\u0161 imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m tak, aby rozezn\u00e1val n\u011bjak\u00fd specifick\u00fd patogen, a\u00a0tak v\u00e1s ochr\u00e1nil p\u0159ed infekc\u00ed \u010di v\u00e1\u017enou nemoc\u00ed. Jde tak o\u00a0obranu vytvo\u0159enou va\u0161\u00edm vlastn\u00edm imunitn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. Lenakapavir ale p\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na ten virus, tak\u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdt st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edtomen v\u00a0krvi \u010dlov\u011bka, aby fungoval v\u00a0hladin\u011b, kter\u00e1 je efektivn\u00ed. Nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s\u00a0odezvou imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0\u0161irok\u00e9 populaci mohou n\u011bkdy existovat rozd\u00edly v\u00a0imunitn\u00ed odezv\u011b na vakc\u00edny \u010di samotn\u00e9 infekce, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk ur\u010dit\u00e9 poruchy imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, lenakapavir \u010di jin\u00e9 antivirov\u00e9 prevence by m\u011bly spolehliv\u011b fungovat nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d populacemi, pokud jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b a\u00a0pravideln\u011b u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n Jedine\u010dnost lenakapaviru ale nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 jen v\u00a0mechanismu, jak\u00fdm p\u016fsob\u00ed, nepletu se?<\/p>\n Lenakapavir je tak\u00e9 unik\u00e1tn\u00ed svou dlouhodobou stabilitou v\u00a0organismu, kter\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho pod\u00e1n\u00ed jen dvakr\u00e1t za rok. \u0158ada dnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div je pom\u011brn\u011b rychle eliminov\u00e1na z\u00a0organismu v\u011bt\u0161inou r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metabolick\u00fdmi procesy v\u00a0j\u00e1trech, anebo vylu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm ledvinami. Tak\u017ee takov\u00e9 l\u00e9ky mus\u00edte br\u00e1t \u010dasto. Existuj\u00ed p\u0159itom ur\u010dit\u00e1 zaveden\u00e1 pravidla, kter\u00e1 z\u00a0fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b-chemick\u00e9ho hlediska \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, jak maj\u00ed l\u00e1tky vypadat, aby mohly b\u00fdt l\u00e9\u010divem, kter\u00e9 se d\u00e1 lidem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b pod\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1me v\u00a0t\u011bchto hranic\u00edch, tak lenakapavir by tam nikdy nepasoval. Sv\u00fdm promy\u0161len\u00fdm designem lenakapavir naboural v\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011bchto pravidel, ale jen tak bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat ty unik\u00e1tn\u00ed vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve nebyly pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u016flom i\u00a0pro v\u00fdvoj dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9\u010div?<\/p>\n Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 st\u00e1le hranice v\u011bdy a\u00a0v\u00fdzkumu posouvat a\u00a0d\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prostor netradi\u010dn\u00ed medicin\u00e1ln\u00ed chemii a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm inovativn\u00edm metod\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat k\u00a0designu a\u00a0optimalizaci nov\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div. A\u00a0ano, je to prvn\u00ed vla\u0161tovka v\u00a0podob\u011b molekuly pod\u00e1van\u00e9 jednou za \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kter\u00e1 dnes ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edstupy i\u00a0v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch terapeutick\u00fdch oblastech. \u0158ada v\u011bdc\u016f jak ve firemn\u00edm, tak v\u00a0non-profit v\u00fdzkumu dnes aktivn\u011b testuje, jak podobn\u00fd mechanismus dlouhodob\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek aplikovat na mal\u00e1rii, l\u00e9\u010dbu tuberkul\u00f3zy a\u00a0na dal\u0161\u00ed indikace.<\/p>\n Testov\u00e1n\u00ed prevence HIV infekce prob\u00edhalo v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch populac\u00edch v\u010detn\u011b \u017een v\u00a0Africe. Jak jednoduch\u00e9, nebo naopak slo\u017eit\u00e9 bylo p\u0159im\u011bt m\u00edstn\u00ed komunity, aby se pod\u00edlely na zkou\u0161en\u00ed lenakapaviru?<\/p>\n Je velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nav\u00e1zat \u00fazk\u00fd kontakt s\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edmi komunitami, u\u017e jenom proto, \u017ee HIV je dnes st\u00e1le velice z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe. Jde o\u00a0to naj\u00edt spojence mezi l\u00eddry m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit a\u00a0ti zase musej\u00ed rozum\u011bt tomu, pro\u010d se klinick\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky d\u011blaj\u00ed. Proto\u017ee oni jsou pak schopni informaci p\u0159edat srozumitelnou formou \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm klinick\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek. Ale vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, jak je v\u00a0Africe probl\u00e9m HIV v\u00fdznamn\u00fd\u00a0\u2013 v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny ze 30\u00a0milion\u016f lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed s\u00a0HIV, \u017eij\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe\u00a0\u2013 nebylo slo\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00edskat silnou podporu u\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00ed populace.<\/p>\n Druhou v\u011bc\u00ed ov\u0161em je dostat l\u00e9\u010divo re\u00e1ln\u011b k\u00a0t\u011bm pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm lidem v\u00a0komunit\u00e1ch. Jak se to da\u0159\u00ed ve chv\u00edli, kdy americk\u00e1 administrativa v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezila program USAID?<\/p>\n USAID byl z\u00e1kladnou s\u00a0velk\u00fdm dosahem daleko za probl\u00e9m HIV, kter\u00fd byl sou\u010dasnou americkou vl\u00e1dou v\u00a0podstat\u011b \u00fapln\u011b eliminov\u00e1n, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnilo nejen p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b HIV, ale i\u00a0celou \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch podp\u016frn\u00fdch program\u016f. Ale sna\u017eili jsme se naj\u00edt dal\u0161\u00ed cesty, jak glob\u00e1ln\u011b zajistit co nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0lenakapaviru. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed strategi\u00ed, kterou Gilead u\u017e dlouhou dobu uplat\u0148uje, jsou takzvan\u00e9 dobrovoln\u00e9 licence. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee umo\u017en\u00edme generick\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem produkovat lenakapavir za v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, ne\u017e jak\u00e9 m\u00e1me my.<\/p>\n Pak je tu distribuce a\u00a0pro ni jsme loni uzav\u0159eli spolupr\u00e1ci se Sv\u011btov\u00fdm fondem a\u00a0fondem PEPFAR, co\u017e je americk\u00fd prezidentsk\u00fd program pro pomoc proti HIV, kter\u00fd zalo\u017eil George W. Bush v\u00a0roce 2003. Gilead tak\u00e9 uzav\u0159el \u0159adu kontrakt\u016f s\u00a0nadac\u00ed Billa Gatese, s\u00a0nadac\u00ed Billa Clintona a\u00a0s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi institucemi, kter\u00e9 financuj\u00ed n\u00e1kup lenakapaviru pro zem\u011b s\u00a0omezen\u00fdmi zdroji. N\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Jihoafrick\u00e1 republika, kde je probl\u00e9m HIV skute\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd, by cht\u011bly zav\u00e9st svoji vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu lenakapaviru.<\/p>\n Jak t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 je v\u016fbec b\u00fdt dnes v\u00a0USA v\u011bdcem, kdy\u017e s\u00e1m ministr zdravotnictv\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/p>\n Pozice n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblast\u00ed v\u011bdy ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se v\u00a0posledn\u00edm roce v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u011bnila v\u010detn\u011b toho, jak sou\u010dasn\u00e1 administrativa na n\u011bkter\u00e9 zaveden\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky nahl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Je to velice komplikovan\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0t\u011bchto zm\u011bn jsou politicky motivov\u00e1ny. \u0158ada velmi zku\u0161en\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0vl\u00e1dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed musela nebo se nakonec sama rozhodla sv\u00e9 pozice opustit. Vl\u00e1da opakovan\u011b hroz\u00ed, \u017ee bude d\u00e1le sni\u017eovat rozpo\u010det pro zdravotnick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u010detn\u011b podpory pro americk\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00fastavy zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n Nejhor\u0161\u00ed je pr\u00e1v\u011b ta nejistota, proto\u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed modern\u00ed v\u011bda, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0oblasti zdravotnick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, vy\u017eaduje dlouhodob\u00e9 investice. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed se nezd\u00e1, \u017ee navrhovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny v\u00a0rozpo\u010dtu maj\u00ed \u0161irokou podporu v\u00a0Kongresu nebo i\u00a0mezi ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed. Nelze dnes s\u00a0jistotou odhadnout, zda tato opat\u0159en\u00ed budou m\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00fd dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vliv na kvalitu v\u011bdy a\u00a0v\u00fdchovu nov\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 generace ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Proto pevn\u011b douf\u00e1m, \u017ee nakonec rozumn\u00e9 a\u00a0pragmatick\u00e9 hlasy p\u0159evl\u00e1dnou a\u00a0v\u00a0budoucnu se poda\u0159\u00ed situaci kolem podpory v\u011bdy zase stabilizovat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jeho jm\u00e9no je spojeno s\u00a0objevem, kter\u00fdm sv\u011bt za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 odvracet epidemii HIV. Sta\u010d\u00ed jedna injekce ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u016fl roku a\u00a0unik\u00e1tn\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":66094,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[926,22398,22396,22399,13525,98,99,22395,22397,113,666],"class_list":{"0":"post-66093","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-praha","8":"tag-afrika","9":"tag-antonin-holy","10":"tag-gilead-sciences","11":"tag-hiv","12":"tag-objev","13":"tag-prague","14":"tag-praha","15":"tag-time","16":"tag-tomas-cihlar","17":"tag-usa","18":"tag-virus"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116465597642402730","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66093"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66093\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\u010cesko](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9599452.jpg\" "\\"\u010cesko")
<\/a>\u010cesko otev\u0159elo zdarma sv\u011btu datab\u00e1zi, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee urychlit hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f<\/a><\/p>\n![\"Naj\u00edt](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9717390.jpg\" "\\"Naj\u00edt")
<\/a>Naj\u00edt univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9k na rakovinu nen\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9. Nad\u011bje pro pacienty ale roste, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 \u0159editelka spole\u010dnosti Sotio <\/a><\/p>\n![\"Jako](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9682190.jpg\" "\\"Jako")
<\/a>Jako tane\u010dn\u00edk se sv\u011bt\u00fdlkem. \u010cesk\u00fd t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f otev\u00edr\u00e1 cestu k nov\u00fdm l\u00e9k\u016fm<\/a><\/p>\n![\"Design\u00e9r](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/9421845.jpg\" "\\"Design\u00e9r")
<\/a>Design\u00e9r enzym\u016f. \u010cesk\u00fd v\u011bdec stoj\u00ed na prahu v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee obr\u00e1tit pr\u016fmysl naruby<\/a><\/p>\n