{"id":66430,"date":"2026-04-25T19:55:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T19:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/66430\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T19:55:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T19:55:17","slug":"jako-prvni-zena-obletela-mesic-ted-se-uci-znovu-chodit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/66430\/","title":{"rendered":"Jako prvn\u00ed \u017eena oblet\u011bla M\u011bs\u00edc, te\u010f se u\u010d\u00ed znovu chodit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mise Artemis II byla sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed komplexn\u00edho projektu NASA, jeho\u017e vrcholem m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na M\u011bs\u00edci v\u00a0roce 2028.\u00a0P\u0159edch\u00e1zela j\u00ed mise Artemis I, kter\u00e1 otestovala let rakety Space Launch System (SLS) s\u00a0lod\u00ed Orion, ale bez lid\u00ed na palub\u011b.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00e1 mise Artemis II zapo\u010dala startem rakety s\u00a0lod\u00ed Orion z\u00a0Kennedyho vesm\u00edrn\u00e9ho st\u0159ediska na Florid\u011b ve \u010dtvrtek 2.\u00a0dubna 2026\u00a0v\u00a00:35\u00a0SEL\u010c. Po dni str\u00e1ven\u00e9m na zemsk\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze se lo\u010f vydala sm\u011brem k\u00a0M\u011bs\u00edci. V\u00a0pond\u011bl\u00ed 6.\u00a0dubna v\u00a019:56\u00a0SEL\u010c pos\u00e1dka vstoupila do historie, kdy\u017e p\u0159ekonala dosavadn\u00ed rekord mise Apollo 13\u00a0z\u00a0roku 1970\u00a0a\u00a0dostala se nejd\u00e1le od Zem\u011b v\u00a0historii, uvedl server The Guardian<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Astronautka, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ekonala \u0159adu rekord\u016f<\/p>\n

Do historie vstoupila pos\u00e1dka lod\u011b Orion nejen poko\u0159en\u00edm rekordu Apolla 13, ale tak\u00e9 samotn\u00e1 Christina Kochov\u00e1 jako prvn\u00ed \u017eena v\u00a0historii, kter\u00e1 oblet\u011bla M\u011bs\u00edc. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je prvn\u00ed \u017eenou, kter\u00e1 se dostala nejd\u00e1le od Zem\u011b v\u00a0historii (nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost od Zem\u011b: 406\u00a0771\u00a0km).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Sedma\u010dty\u0159icetilet\u00e1 elektroin\u017een\u00fdrka s\u00a0\u010destn\u00fdm doktor\u00e1tem z\u00a0North Carolina State University je tak\u00e9 dr\u017eitelkou sv\u011btov\u00e9ho rekordu v\u00a0nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e9m pobytu \u017eeny ve vesm\u00edru, kdy mezi lety 2019\u00a0a\u00a02020\u00a0str\u00e1vila 328\u00a0po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch dn\u00ed na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze na ISS (Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 stanice).<\/p>\n

Jak napsal den\u00edk El Pa\u00eds<\/a>, byla tak\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed historicky prvn\u00edho v\u00fdstupu do voln\u00e9ho prostoru (anglicky spacewalk) proveden\u00e9ho pouze \u017eenami, kter\u00fd se uskute\u010dnil na ISS v\u00a0roce 2019.\u00a0Christina Kochov\u00e1 a\u00a0Jessica Meirov\u00e1 vy\u0161ly do voln\u00e9ho prostoru, aby opravily porouchanou jednotku nab\u00edjen\u00ed a\u00a0vyb\u00edjen\u00ed bateri\u00ed. V\u00fdstup trval p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b sedm hodin a\u00a0stal se v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm miln\u00edkem pro \u017eeny v\u00a0oblasti pr\u016fzkumu vesm\u00edru. <\/p>\n

Pro\u010d maj\u00ed astronauti po n\u00e1vratu probl\u00e9m s\u00a0ch\u016fz\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Vesm\u00edr je prost\u0159ed\u00edm mikrogravitace, kde na \u010dlov\u011bka st\u00e1le p\u016fsob\u00ed gravitace, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. voln\u00e9m p\u00e1du. Vestibul\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, tedy rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m t\u011bla, kter\u00fd je ulo\u017een\u00fd ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm uchu, se zde chov\u00e1 jinak ne\u017e na Zemi. D\u00edky n\u011bmu v\u00edme, kde je \u201enaho\u0159e\u201c a\u00a0\u201edole\u201c, a\u00a0zaji\u0161\u0165uje tak\u00e9 stabilitu t\u011bla a\u00a0orientaci v\u00a0prostoru.<\/p>\n

Ve vesm\u00edru ale vys\u00edl\u00e1 mozku m\u00e9n\u011b spolehliv\u00e9 informace o\u00a0pohybu, a\u00a0mozek se je proto nau\u010d\u00ed potla\u010dovat. Sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159i pobytu ve vesm\u00edru sl\u00e1bnou svaly, zhor\u0161uje se jejich koordinace a\u00a0doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m v\u00a0krevn\u00edm ob\u011bhu.<\/p>\n

Po n\u00e1vratu na Zemi je mozek st\u00e1le \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fd mikrogravitaci, tak\u017ee bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ch\u016fze p\u016fsobit relativn\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u011b. Ve skute\u010dnosti se ale astronauti v\u00edce spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na zrak a\u00a0mus\u00ed se v\u011bdom\u011b soust\u0159edit na ka\u017ed\u00fd pohyb.<\/p>\n

Po p\u00e1r hodin\u00e1ch a\u017e dnech se projev\u00ed nesoulad mezi smysly, kdy o\u010di, vnit\u0159n\u00ed ucho a\u00a0t\u011blo vys\u00edlaj\u00ed mozku rozd\u00edln\u00e9 informace. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed ucho za\u010dne znovu reagovat na gravitaci, zat\u00edmco mozek je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed na tyto sign\u00e1ly p\u0159ipraven\u00fd. Astronauti proto po n\u00e1vratu procvi\u010duj\u00ed koordinaci a\u00a0rovnov\u00e1hu, posiluj\u00ed svalstvo a\u00a0podstupuj\u00ed rehabilitaci.<\/p>\n

Astronautka, kter\u00e1 byla sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010dty\u0159\u010dlenn\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky lodi Orion, se na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edti Instagram (p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek v\u00fd\u0161e) na konci minul\u00e9ho t\u00fddne pod\u011blila o\u00a0st\u0159\u00edpky z\u00a0rehabilita\u010dn\u00edho cvi\u010den\u00ed, kde chod\u00ed tzv. tandemovou ch\u016fz\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0balan\u010dn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m \u010dlov\u011bk kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 linii tak, \u017ee klade patu jedn\u00e9 nohy p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159ed \u0161pi\u010dku druh\u00e9 nohy, jako by chodil po provaze.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Tandemov\u00e1 ch\u016fze se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro odhalen\u00ed neurologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0jako test stability, astronauti a\u00a0astronautky d\u00edky n\u00ed ale dok\u00e1\u017eou odhalit, jak moc je po n\u00e1vratu z\u00a0vesm\u00edru \u201erozhozen\u201c jejich rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m t\u011bla.<\/p>\n

\u201eVypad\u00e1 to, \u017ee na surfov\u00e1n\u00ed si je\u0161t\u011b chv\u00edli po\u010dk\u00e1m. Kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed v\u00a0mikrogravitaci, syst\u00e9my v\u00a0na\u0161em t\u011ble, kter\u00e9 se vyvinuly k\u00a0tomu, aby informovaly mozek o\u00a0na\u0161em pohybu, nefunguj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b. Mozek se nau\u010d\u00ed tyto sign\u00e1ly ignorovat, a\u00a0kdy\u017e se pak vr\u00e1t\u00edme zp\u011bt do gravitace, jsme siln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00ed na zraku, abychom se dok\u00e1zali prostorov\u011b orientovat. Ch\u016fze po p\u0159\u00edmce se zav\u0159en\u00fdma o\u010dima m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt docela v\u00fdzva!\u201c komentovala astronautka video, na kter\u00e9m se znovu u\u010d\u00ed chodit.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i pohledu z\u00a0lodi Orion zakryl M\u011bs\u00edc v\u00fdhled na SlunceVideo: Reuters<\/p>\n

Nov\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry z\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00ed modulu rakety Orion s\u00a0pos\u00e1dkou mise Artemis II po n\u00e1vratu na ZemiVideo: Reuters<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mise Artemis II byla sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed komplexn\u00edho projektu NASA, jeho\u017e vrcholem m\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na M\u011bs\u00edci v\u00a0roce 2028.\u00a0P\u0159edch\u00e1zela j\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":66431,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[1953,22458,17,21,3870,22459,3869,1542,16,3872,3868,18,19,22,77,1540,20],"class_list":{"0":"post-66430","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zpravy","8":"tag-astronauti","9":"tag-christina-koch","10":"tag-headlines","11":"tag-hlavni-udalosti","12":"tag-mesic","13":"tag-mikrogravitace","14":"tag-mise-artemis-ii","15":"tag-nasa","16":"tag-news","17":"tag-orion","18":"tag-program-artemis","19":"tag-top-news","20":"tag-top-stories","21":"tag-udalosti-dne","22":"tag-veda","23":"tag-vesmir","24":"tag-zpravy"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116467107416913959","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66430\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}