{"id":68643,"date":"2026-04-28T04:19:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T04:19:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/68643\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T04:19:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T04:19:10","slug":"hodne-penez-za-hnojiva-malo-penez-za-obili-zemedelci-jsou-v-klestich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/68643\/","title":{"rendered":"Hodn\u011b pen\u011bz za hnojiva, m\u00e1lo pen\u011bz za obil\u00ed. Zem\u011bd\u011blci jsou v\u00a0kle\u0161t\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"

Farm\u00e1\u0159e znepokojuj\u00ed cen\u00edky, kter\u00e9 jim pravideln\u011b zas\u00edlaj\u00ed v\u00fdrobci a\u00a0distributo\u0159i hnojiv. Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojiva toti\u017e po \u00fatoku na \u00cdr\u00e1n a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m p\u0159i\u0161krcen\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed dopravy v\u00a0Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu prudce zdra\u017eila.<\/p>\n

P\u0159es Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv proud\u00ed a\u017e t\u0159etina sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu s\u00a0hnojivy. Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojiva podle Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho svazu tvo\u0159\u00ed 10\u00a0a\u017e 20\u00a0procent v\u0161ech n\u00e1klad\u016f v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na druhu plodiny, u\u00a0obilovin a\u00a0\u0159epky dokonce je\u0161t\u011b\u00a0v\u00edce. Dal\u0161\u00edch 10\u00a0a\u017e 20\u00a0procent n\u00e1klad\u016f pak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro zem\u011bd\u011blce n\u00e1klady na naftu. V\u00a0sou\u010dtu tak sou\u010dasn\u00e1 ropn\u00e1 krize z\u00e1sadn\u011b m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na ceny potravin.<\/p>\n

Na spot\u0159ebitele to sice zat\u00edm nedopad\u00e1, t\u0159eba\u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed politici zdra\u017een\u00ed j\u00eddla v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch pova\u017euj\u00ed za jist\u00e9. Inflace je ale teprve na za\u010d\u00e1tku cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u011b-dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce – u\u00a0farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Ekonomika farem se moment\u00e1ln\u011b zhor\u0161uje nejen vlivem drah\u00fdch hnojiv, ale tak\u00e9 v\u00a0d\u016fsledku zdra\u017een\u00ed pohonn\u00fdch hmot, pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\u011b na ja\u0159e p\u0159i poln\u00edch prac\u00edch, a\u00a0tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli propadu cen komodit jako je p\u0161enice, \u0159epka \u010di m\u00e1k.<\/p>\n

\u201eSituace je \u00fapln\u011b zoufal\u00e1. Hnojiva jsou tak drah\u00e1, \u017ee to zem\u011bd\u011blci nejsou schopni akceptovat. A\u00a0p\u0159itom zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 komodity se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed za ceny jako p\u0159ed t\u0159iceti lety,\u201c post\u011b\u017eoval si jeden zem\u011bd\u011blec.<\/p>\n

A jak\u00e1 je souvislost mezi uzav\u0159en\u00fdm Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016fplavem a\u00a0hnojivy pro \u010desk\u00e1 pole? Pr\u016flivem proch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jedna t\u0159etina p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho obchodu s\u00a0hnojivy. Zdra\u017euje tak\u00e9 zemn\u00ed plyn, kter\u00fd je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd pro v\u00fdrobu dus\u00edkat\u00fdch hnojiv.<\/p>\n

Kv\u016fli konfliktu v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu stoj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1vod na v\u00fdrobu mo\u010doviny spole\u010dnosti QatarEnergy a\u00a0tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik fabrik na mo\u010dovinu v\u00a0Indii a\u00a0Banglad\u00e9\u0161i. Mo\u010dovina, vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e1 z\u00a0amoniaku a\u00a0oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm dus\u00edkat\u00fdm hnojiv\u016fm a\u00a0pro zem\u011bd\u011blce je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b plodin. Ceny mo\u010doviny tak prudce vzrostly.<\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1n a\u00a0uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 clo<\/p>\n

Hnojiva tak ve v\u00fdsledku zdra\u017eila o\u00a0des\u00edtky procent. Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed cen\u00edk\u016f distributora ZNZ Pelh\u0159imov, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 redakce k\u00a0dispozici od jednoho z\u00a0farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f, ukazuje, \u017ee ceny mo\u010doviny za p\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f do dubna vzrostly z\u00a0cca 12\u00a0tis\u00edc korun na v\u00edce ne\u017e 18\u00a0tis\u00edc korun, tedy o\u00a046\u00a0procent. Ledek amonn\u00fd, z\u0159ejm\u011b nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hnojivo, zdra\u017eilo z\u00a08450\u00a0na 9900\u00a0korun, co\u017e je o\u00a017\u00a0procent. S\u00edran amonn\u00fd zdra\u017eil o\u00a032\u00a0procent.<\/p>\n

Vedle geopolitick\u00e9 krize je d\u016fvodem zdra\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed hnojiv tak\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho cla CBAM od ledna 2026, \u0159ekl \u0161\u00e9f Agro MJM Radom\u00edr \u0160moldas. Distributo\u0159i toti\u017e za\u010dali velmi brzy zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat do ceny aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed poplatek, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 vyrovnat v\u00fdhodu v\u00fdrobc\u016f ze zem\u00ed s\u00a0m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi emisn\u00edmi pravidly. \u201eUhl\u00edkov\u00e9 clo zdra\u017eilo dovozy hnojiv do Evropsk\u00e9 unie ze t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed. Kv\u016fli tomu se dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b a\u00a0toho evrop\u0161t\u00ed distributo\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00a0cenotvorb\u011b,\u201c \u0159ekl. Pro prvn\u00ed \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed leto\u0161n\u00edho roku je clo 75,36\u00a0eura (1849\u00a0K\u010d) za tunu CO2\u00a0vznikl\u00e9ho p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed je podle \u0160moldase sice dostupnost hnojiv sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1, ale zat\u00edm se d\u00e1 nakoupit u\u00a0v\u0161ech dodavatel\u016f. \u201eT\u00e9matem za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt extr\u00e9mn\u00ed zdra\u017een\u00ed fosfore\u010dn\u00fdch hnojiv kv\u016fli bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0Hormuzu,\u201c uvedl \u0161\u00e9f firmy, kter\u00e1 pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm tuzemsk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm a\u00a0distributor\u016fm hnojiv.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Zem\u011bd\u011blci jsou tak v\u00a0kle\u0161t\u00edch. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b nakupuj\u00ed vstupy jako hnojiva, pohonn\u00e9 hmoty nebo krmiva za zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 ceny, ale na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b jsou nuceni prod\u00e1vat levn\u011b. T\u0159eba v\u00fdkupn\u00ed cena potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u0161enice je okolo 4500\u00a0tis\u00edc korun za tunu, tedy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u00e1 jako v\u00a0roce 2008, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u00e1klady jsou mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201ePro \u0159adu podnik\u016f je to v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m ne\u017e samotn\u00e9 zdra\u017een\u00ed hnojiv,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Proch\u00e1zka ze Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho svazu. Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 se trochu podob\u00e1 dob\u011b po vypuknut\u00ed v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b v\u00a0roce 2022, kdy zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016fm enormn\u011b vzrostly n\u00e1klady v\u00a0d\u016fsledku energetick\u00e9 krize.<\/p>\n

V n\u011b\u010dem je v\u0161ak nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed situace z\u00e1sadn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e1. V\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0m\u011bli zem\u011bd\u011blci v\u00fdborn\u00fd rok a\u00a0mnoho podnik\u016f se mohlo pochlubit rekordn\u00edmi zisky. Sv\u011bt se toti\u017e ob\u00e1val glob\u00e1ln\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 krize, kterou za\u017eehne rusk\u00e1 okupace Ukrajiny, proto\u017ee Ukrajina je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za obilnici sv\u011bta. Ale tehdej\u0161\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159, kdy by zem\u011bd\u011blci bohat\u011b zpen\u011b\u017eili svou \u00farodu, je zat\u00edm v\u00a0nedohlednu.<\/p>\n

Data \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu za 1.\u00a0\u010dtvrtlet\u00ed ukazuj\u00ed meziro\u010dn\u00ed propad cen zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f o\u00a010,3\u00a0procenta. \u201eEvropsk\u00fd trh je st\u00e1le pod tlakem vysok\u00fdch z\u00e1sob, slab\u0161\u00ed popt\u00e1vky a\u00a0levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dovoz\u016f,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Proch\u00e1zka.<\/p>\n

Vedle cen obilnin a\u00a0olejnin, kter\u00e9 jsou velmi n\u00edzko u\u017e t\u0159et\u00edm rokem, se letos propadaj\u00ed i\u00a0ceny ml\u00e9ka, na nich\u017e ale \u0159ada st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch farem postavila svou ekonomiku.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fd svaz se ob\u00e1v\u00e1 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, kdy se bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00ed konflikt prot\u00e1hne a\u00a0ceny hnojiv a\u00a0nafty budou st\u00e1le vysok\u00e9. Potom toti\u017e zem\u011bd\u011blci zv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed omezen\u00ed hnojen\u00ed, co\u017e se projev\u00ed p\u0159i n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed sklizni sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v\u00fdnos\u016f, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cenou potravin a\u00a0omezen\u00edm investic. V\u00a0hor\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pak dokonce odprodejem m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdnosn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u00fdch farem.<\/p>\n

To je v\u0161ak extr\u00e9mn\u00ed a\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159ehnan\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159. Moment\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po hnojivech je toti\u017e sp\u00ed\u0161e taktick\u00fdm vy\u010dk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f na lep\u0161\u00ed ceny. Podle n\u011bkolika osloven\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f hnojiv se toti\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f na jaro p\u0159edz\u00e1sobila je\u0161t\u011b za star\u00e9 ceny. Rozhodn\u011b tedy zat\u00edm nemaj\u00ed d\u016fvod zdra\u017eovat kv\u016fli rostouc\u00ed cen\u011b hnojiv.<\/p>\n

\u201eDodate\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1kupy pro jarn\u00ed aplikaci ji\u017e budou jen omezen\u00e9 a\u00a0projev\u00ed se jen u\u00a0mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed odkl\u00e1dali n\u00e1kup hnojiv a\u0165 z\u00a0finan\u010dn\u00edch nebo jin\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f,\u201c sd\u011blil Seznam Zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m mana\u017eer spole\u010dnosti Yara pro \u010ceskou republiku Pavel Jan\u00edk. Yara pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm sv\u011btov\u00fdm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm hnojiv.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 spole\u010dnost Agrofert, kter\u00e1 dus\u00edkat\u00e1 hnojiva vyr\u00e1b\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1vodech Lovochemie, Duslo a\u00a0LAT Nitrogen, uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee zem\u011bd\u011blci maj\u00ed na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed sez\u00f3nu z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti nakoupeno, ot\u00e1zkou je tedy podzim a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed rok.<\/p>\n

Podle Pavla Jan\u00edka omezov\u00e1n\u00ed hnojen\u00ed nehroz\u00ed, proto\u017ee spot\u0159ebu farm\u00e1\u0159i sni\u017eovali u\u017e na ja\u0159e a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed \u00faspory by se jim mohly vymst\u00edt. \u201eP\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hnojen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo dopad na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdnosu v\u00a0intenzivn\u00edm zp\u016fsobu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin, je pro zem\u011bd\u011blce ekonomick\u00e1 sebevra\u017eda,\u201c je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Farm\u00e1\u0159e znepokojuj\u00ed cen\u00edky, kter\u00e9 jim pravideln\u011b zas\u00edlaj\u00ed v\u00fdrobci a\u00a0distributo\u0159i hnojiv. Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojiva toti\u017e po \u00fatoku na \u00cdr\u00e1n a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":60343,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[1892,11208,686,7825,22947,54,53,52,590],"class_list":{"0":"post-68643","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-agrofert","9":"tag-hnojivo","10":"tag-inflace","11":"tag-konflikt-usa-izrael-iran","12":"tag-mjm-agro","13":"tag-svet","14":"tag-world","15":"tag-world-news","16":"tag-zemedelstvi"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116480413813747368","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68643\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}