{"id":69170,"date":"2026-04-28T13:16:10","date_gmt":"2026-04-28T13:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/69170\/"},"modified":"2026-04-28T13:16:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T13:16:10","slug":"verejne-popravy-za-k-pop-tresty-v-kldr-zprisnily","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/69170\/","title":{"rendered":"Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 popravy za K-pop. Tresty v\u00a0KLDR zp\u0159\u00edsnily"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159esto\u017ee m\u00e1 Severn\u00ed Korea vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec<\/a> zakazuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdslechy prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 nez\u00e1konn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem\u00a0\u2013 tedy n\u00e1sil\u00edm a\u00a0mu\u010den\u00edm\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed ani pou\u017eit\u00ed vynucen\u00fdch v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz\u016f, sv\u011bdectv\u00ed uprchl\u00edk\u016f nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee k\u00a0mu\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0nelidsk\u00e9mu zach\u00e1zen\u00ed b\u011bhem vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpov\u011bdi lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed uprchli na jih, poslou\u017eily tak\u00e9 jako z\u00e1klad pro anal\u00fdzu poprav. Ty vedle mu\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0bit\u00ed nad\u00e1le pat\u0159\u00ed mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje repres\u00ed re\u017eimu Kim \u010cong-una a\u00a0podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> jihokorejsk\u00e9 organizace Transitional Justice Working Group (TJWG) jejich po\u010det v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostl zejm\u00e9na b\u011bhem pandemie covidu-19.<\/p>\n

Trest smrti v\u00a0KLDR<\/p>\n

Jde o\u00a0leg\u00e1ln\u00ed a\u00a0\u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvanou formu trestu, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt uvalena za zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed, pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed drog, zradu, \u0161pion\u00e1\u017e, politick\u00fd disident, kr\u00e1de\u017e, zka\u017eenost, distribuci tiskovin neschv\u00e1len\u00fdch vl\u00e1dou, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zpr\u00e1v, je\u017e m\u016f\u017eou naru\u0161it severokorejsk\u00fd re\u017eim, \u010di za zp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jihokorejsk\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b. <\/p>\n

Podle dostupn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou poprav ob\u011b\u0161en\u00ed nebo zast\u0159elen\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Zdroj: Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b v\u00a0KLDR (Nina \u0160pit\u00e1ln\u00edkov\u00e1) <\/p>\n

V obdob\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u011bti let od uzav\u0159en\u00ed hranic v\u00a0lednu 2020\u00a0se po\u010det zdokumentovan\u00fdch poprav zv\u00fd\u0161il o\u00a0117\u00a0% ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0obdob\u00edm p\u011bti let p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed. Po\u010det osob popraven\u00fdch nebo odsouzen\u00fdch k\u00a0smrti se v\u00edce ne\u017e ztrojn\u00e1sobil – p\u0159i jedn\u00e9 poprav\u011b b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto usmrceno v\u00edce lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Report pracuje i\u00a0s prostorovou anal\u00fdzou. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci identifikovali 46\u00a0popravi\u0161\u0165, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e u\u00a040\u00a0z\u00a0nich zjistili p\u0159esn\u00e9 sou\u0159adnice.<\/p>\n

Popravy se nej\u010dast\u011bji odehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed u\u00a0\u0159ek, na pol\u00edch, tr\u017ei\u0161t\u00edch nebo v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti \u0161kol\u00a0\u2013 tedy na m\u00edstech, kde lze snadno shrom\u00e1\u017edit publikum. Nejde tak jen o\u00a0trest, ale o\u00a0v\u011bdom\u011b inscenovan\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd ritu\u00e1l kontroly a\u00a0zastra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Od prosince 2011, kdy se Kim ujal moci, do prosince 2024\u00a0je zdokumentov\u00e1no 144\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f odsouzen\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b 136\u00a0poprav, p\u0159i nich\u017e zem\u0159elo nejm\u00e9n\u011b 358\u00a0osob. V\u00edce ne\u017e 70\u00a0% t\u011bchto poprav bylo ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch a\u00a0drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina byla vykon\u00e1na zast\u0159elen\u00edm.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed 265\u00a0severokorejsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem 13\u00a0let \u017eili v\u00a051\u00a0m\u011bstech a\u00a0provinci\u00edch, a\u00a0tak\u00e9 z\u00a0informac\u00ed p\u011bti m\u00e9di\u00ed se zdroji v\u00a0zemi, nap\u0159\u00edklad Freedom Chosun nebo Daily NK. Auto\u0159i z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee nejde o\u00a0\u00faplnou statistiku\u00a0\u2013 skute\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det poprav je tak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Trest smrti za K-pop<\/p>\n

Pandemie poslou\u017eila re\u017eimu jako z\u00e1minka k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmu zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed kontroly hranic. Omezen\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dohled z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytvo\u0159il prostor pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed okruhu \u201ezlo\u010din\u016f\u201c, za kter\u00e9 trest smrti hroz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco by se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee trest smrti bude ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm za vra\u017edy, nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem <\/a>se stalo \u201epou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nebo \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed kultury a\u00a0informac\u00ed\u201c, v\u010detn\u011b jihokorejsk\u00fdch film\u016f, seri\u00e1l\u016f a\u00a0hudby, stejn\u011b jako n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u010di \u201epov\u011br\u010div\u00fdch\u201c praktik.<\/p>\n

Po\u010det trest\u016f za tento \u010din vzrostl o\u00a0250\u00a0% a\u00a0stal se nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kategori\u00ed vedouc\u00ed k\u00a0poprav\u00e1m. Naopak po\u010det rozsudk\u016f smrti za vra\u017edu klesl o\u00a044\u00a0%.<\/p>\n

Podle Amnesty International k\u00a0nejtvrd\u0161\u00edm trest\u016fm vedou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed aktivity jako sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1l\u016f L\u00e1ska pad\u00e1 z\u00a0nebe (Crash Landing on You) \u010di Hra na olihe\u0148 (Squid Game) nebo poslech K-popu, nap\u0159\u00edklad skupiny BTS. Tyto kulturn\u00ed produkty pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm export\u016fm Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje, na severu jsou v\u0161ak zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f je re\u017eim vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako hrozbu pro ideologickou stabilitu. <\/p>\n

Zn\u00e1m\u00fd je p\u0159\u00edpad<\/a> z\u00a0roku 2024, kdy byli dva teenage\u0159i ve\u0159ejn\u011b odsouzeni k\u00a012\u00a0let\u016fm nucen\u00fdch prac\u00ed za sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed K-dramat.<\/p>\n

Poprav se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed i\u00a0d\u011bti<\/p>\n

Podle sv\u011bdectv\u00ed severokorejsk\u00fdch uprchl\u00edk\u016f je \u00fa\u010dast na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch poprav\u00e1ch povinn\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny bez ohledu na v\u011bk. Jak ale vypov\u011bd\u011bla uprchlice So \u010cchol, kter\u00e1 se na jih dostala za vl\u00e1dy Kim \u010cong-una, d\u011btem se nevyh\u00fdbaly ani tresty smrti. <\/p>\n

\u201eSt\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee jsou d\u011bti u\u0161et\u0159eny, posl\u00e1ny do p\u0159ev\u00fdchovn\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora nebo um\u00edst\u011bny k\u00a0n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodin\u011b. Ale v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch \u010din\u016f se trest t\u00fdk\u00e1 cel\u00e9 rodiny, v\u010detn\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed. On (popraven\u00fd kamar\u00e1d So \u010cchol) m\u011bl sm\u016flu, \u017ee se proces vedl v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy bylo t\u0159eba utu\u017eit re\u017eim.\u201c<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b v\u00a0KLDR (Nina \u0160pit\u00e1ln\u00edkov\u00e1)<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem pandemie se popravy roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily i\u00a0geograficky. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159ed covidem se odehr\u00e1valy na osmi m\u00edstech, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v\u00a0okol\u00ed Pchjongjangu a\u00a0u \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 hranice, po roce 2020\u00a0byly zaznamen\u00e1ny ji\u017e v\u00a019\u00a0lokalit\u00e1ch. Popravy spojen\u00e9 s \u201ekulturn\u00edmi zlo\u010diny\u201c se nav\u00edc p\u0159esunuly i\u00a0do vnitrozem\u00ed, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee zak\u00e1zan\u00fd obsah pronikl nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed \u010diny vedouc\u00ed k\u00a0poprav\u00e1m pat\u0159ily vedle vra\u017ed tak\u00e9 kritika v\u016fdce \u010di strany, obchod s\u00a0drogami nebo pomoc p\u0159i \u00fat\u011bku ze zem\u011b. B\u011bhem pandemie se mezi d\u016fvody nov\u011b objevilo i\u00a0poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed proticovidov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 zdokumentov\u00e1no je 12\u00a0poprav 28\u00a0osob.<\/p>\n

Po\u010det politicky motivovan\u00fdch poprav vzrostl o\u00a0600\u00a0%. Zpr\u00e1va z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuje, \u017ee re\u017eim upravuje vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed trestu smrti podle m\u00edry mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho tlaku\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad po debat\u00e1ch OSN o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9m postoupen\u00ed Kima k\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu trestn\u00edmu soudu po\u010det poprav do\u010dasn\u011b klesl.<\/p>\n

Jak popravy prob\u00edhaj\u00ed<\/p>\n

Dle sv\u011bdectv\u00ed popravy b\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou ozn\u00e1meny rozhlasem, v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci \u010di vedouc\u00edm pracovn\u00edkem. Re\u017eim kontroluje, zda se poprav \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed opravdu v\u0161ichni. <\/p>\n

\u201ePak se lid\u00e9 shrom\u00e1\u017edili, byl pronesen projev, ve kter\u00e9m se ideologicky vysv\u011btlilo, \u010deho se doty\u010dn\u00ed dopustili. Pot\u00e9 padl v\u00fdst\u0159el. Po v\u00fdst\u0159elu n\u00e1sledoval projev o\u00a0tom, jak se m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk spr\u00e1vn\u011b chovat. A\u017e pak jsme mohli m\u00edsto pustit. (\u2026) Pokud byste nep\u0159i\u0161li, byli byste podez\u0159el\u00ed a\u00a0podez\u00edr\u00e1ni ze spolu\u00fa\u010dasti. Pokud byste na poprav\u011b plakali, proto\u017ee odsouzen\u00fd byl v\u00e1\u0161 kamar\u00e1d, pl\u00e1\u010d by mohl b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 klasifikov\u00e1n jako spolu\u00fa\u010dast na \u010dinu, kter\u00e9ho se dopustil popraven\u00fd. Museli jste svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed dok\u00e1zat souhlas s\u00a0t\u00edm, co se pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u011bje. Dokazovali jste loajalitu st\u00e1tu.\u201c<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Sv\u011bdectv\u00ed ze \u017eivota v\u00a0KLDR, v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f uprchlice So \u010cchol (Nina \u0160pit\u00e1ln\u00edkov\u00e1)<\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od star\u0161\u00edch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed TJWG nav\u00edc t\u011bla popraven\u00fdch \u010dasto neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed vr\u00e1cena rodin\u00e1m, ale jsou tajn\u011b poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1na \u010di likvidov\u00e1na. Re\u017eim t\u00edm br\u00e1n\u00ed vzniku pietn\u00edch m\u00edst a\u00a0prohlubuje strach z\u00a0kolektivn\u00edho trestu.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed analytik TJWG Ethan Hee-seok Shin vyzval mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed k\u00a0d\u016frazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed reakci, kter\u00e1 by vedla k \u201eodrazen\u00ed a\u00a0potrest\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto zlo\u010dinu proti lidskosti\u201c a\u00a0k \u201epohn\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch osob p\u0159ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spravedlnost\u201c. Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed chce organizace p\u0159edstavit<\/a> na Sv\u011btov\u00e9m kongresu proti trestu smrti, kter\u00fd se letos v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b uskute\u010dn\u00ed v\u00a0Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u0159esto\u017ee m\u00e1 Severn\u00ed Korea vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec zakazuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdslechy prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 nez\u00e1konn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem\u00a0\u2013 tedy n\u00e1sil\u00edm a\u00a0mu\u010den\u00edm\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed ani pou\u017eit\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":69171,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[17,21,2187,2321,16,4756,18,19,5279,4761,22,20],"class_list":{"0":"post-69170","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zpravy","8":"tag-headlines","9":"tag-hlavni-udalosti","10":"tag-kim-cong-un","11":"tag-korejska-lidove-demokraticka-republika-kldr","12":"tag-news","13":"tag-poprava","14":"tag-top-news","15":"tag-top-stories","16":"tag-totalita","17":"tag-trest-smrti","18":"tag-udalosti-dne","19":"tag-zpravy"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116482525480960830","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69170"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69170\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}