{"id":70037,"date":"2026-04-29T08:39:15","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T08:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/70037\/"},"modified":"2026-04-29T08:39:15","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T08:39:15","slug":"jedna-z-nejdrazsich-katastrof-v-dejinach-cernobyl-stal-biliony-rusko-ho-dal-prodrazuje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/70037\/","title":{"rendered":"Jedna z\u00a0nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00edch katastrof v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch. \u010cernobyl st\u00e1l biliony, Rusko ho d\u00e1l prodra\u017euje"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jen v\u00a0prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci po v\u00fdbuchu st\u00e1la z\u00e1chrann\u00e1 operace t\u0159i miliardy rubl\u016f. Pro p\u0159edstavu: pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed mzda v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu tehdy \u010dinila okolo dvou set rubl\u016f. \u0160lo tak o\u00a0\u010d\u00e1stku odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed zhruba patn\u00e1cti milion\u016fm m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch mezd.<\/p>\n

Do po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1989\u00a0odhadoval tehdej\u0161\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Nikolaj Ry\u017ekov celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na osm miliard rubl\u016f a\u00a0ve sv\u00fdch pam\u011btech je popsal jednou v\u011btou: \u201e\u010cernobyl zasadil na\u0161\u00ed nemocn\u00e9 ekonomice n\u00e1hlou a\u00a0zdrcuj\u00edc\u00ed r\u00e1nu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Souhrnn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed desetilet\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, p\u0159es\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva a\u00a0zdravotn\u00ed n\u00e1klady jsou je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1vratn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 celkov\u011b se odhaduj\u00ed a\u017e na 700\u00a0miliard dolar\u016f za t\u0159icet let<\/a> (p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9m kurzu dolaru 14,6\u00a0bilionu K\u010d).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Skute\u010dn\u00fd \u00fa\u010det zdaleka nen\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00fd, proto\u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ztr\u00e1t se nikdy neobjev\u00ed v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu. Jde p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o\u00a0promarn\u011bn\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l. Jak uvedl Rozvojov\u00fd program OSN, \u010cernobyl \u201enebyl jen ekologickou katastrofou, ale kriz\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dlouhodob\u011b zhor\u0161ila \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky milion\u016f lid\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Vys\u00eddlen\u00ed a\u00a0krajina, kter\u00e1 zmizela<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zni\u010dilo i\u00a0obrovsk\u00e9 kusy hospod\u00e1\u0159sky vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 krajiny. Z\u00a0provozu bylo vy\u0159azeno celkem 784\u00a0320\u00a0hektar\u016f zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy a\u00a0t\u011b\u017eba d\u0159eva byla zastavena na dal\u0161\u00edch 694\u00a0200\u00a0hektarech lesa. To je dohromady plocha v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cel\u00e1 \u010cern\u00e1 Hora.<\/p>\n

A nesta\u010dilo oblast dekontaminovat. I\u00a0tam, kde bylo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed po sanaci op\u011bt bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 odm\u00edtali potraviny z\u00a0posti\u017een\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Jak upozor\u0148uj\u00ed anal\u00fdzy Rozvojov\u00e9ho programu OSN, \u201eposti\u017een\u00e9 regiony dnes trp\u00ed v\u00edce stigmatem ne\u017e samotnou radiac\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Katastrofu ov\u0161em neodnesla jen Ukrajina. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed radioaktivn\u00ed spad zas\u00e1hl B\u011blorusko, odhaduje se a\u017e na 60\u00a0procent. \u201eCelkov\u00e9 v\u00fddaje B\u011bloruska na \u010cernobyl v\u00a0letech 1991\u00a0a\u017e 2003\u00a0p\u0159es\u00e1hly t\u0159in\u00e1ct miliard americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f,\u201c p\u0159ipomn\u011bl magaz\u00edn GreenFacts<\/a>. Posti\u017eeny v\u0161ak byly i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1ty, v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceskoslovenska nebo skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po hav\u00e1rii \u00fa\u0159ady evakuovaly 116\u00a0tis\u00edc lid\u00ed, celkem bylo v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu let p\u0159es\u00eddleno p\u0159es 330\u00a0tis\u00edc osob. Jako by se nar\u00e1z vytratilo skoro cel\u00e9 Brno a\u00a0lid\u00e9 se u\u017e nemohli vr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b psychologick\u00e9 dopady jako ztr\u00e1ta domova, identity a\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00edch vazeb jsou dnes pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za jeden z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch faktor\u016f dlouhodob\u00e9 stagnace posti\u017een\u00fdch region\u016f. Jak uvedly Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed agentura pro jadernou energii a\u00a0takzvan\u00e9 \u010cernobylsk\u00e9 f\u00f3rum, \u201enejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd katastrofa zp\u016fsobila, nejsou fyzick\u00e9 nemoci, ale dopady na psychiku obyvatel\u201c.<\/p>\n

Ukrajina plat\u00ed dodnes<\/p>\n

Po hav\u00e1rii vznikly speci\u00e1ln\u00ed kategorie lid\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00e1rokem na st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporu: likvid\u00e1to\u0159i zasa\u017een\u00ed radiac\u00ed, evakuovan\u00ed bez domova, obyvatel\u00e9 kontaminovan\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Ukrajinsk\u00e1 legislativa zavedla p\u0159es pades\u00e1t r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f d\u00e1vek a\u00a0privilegi\u00ed, b\u011blorusk\u00e1 a\u00a0rusk\u00e1 dokonce p\u0159es sedmdes\u00e1t. <\/p>\n

D\u00e1vky v\u0161ak kompenzovaly vystaven\u00ed riziku, nikoli prok\u00e1zanou \u00fajmu. Dost\u00e1vali je i\u00a0lid\u00e9 v\u00a0oblastech, kde byla radiace srovnateln\u00e1 s\u00a0tou v\u00a0jin\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u201eTo vedlo k\u00a0neust\u00e1l\u00e9mu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010dtu lid\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00e1rokem na d\u00e1vky,\u201c konstatovala anal\u00fdza agentury pro jadernou energii. V\u00fdsledkem byla rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost na st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpo\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Po roce 1991\u00a0se nav\u00edc syst\u00e9m stal z\u00e1chrannou s\u00edt\u00ed pro lidi posti\u017een\u00e9 obecnou ekonomickou kriz\u00ed zp\u016fsobenou rozpadem Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu.<\/p>\n

\u201eV leto\u0161n\u00edm roce je na podporu osob posti\u017een\u00fdch \u010dernobylskou katastrofou vy\u010dlen\u011bno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 27\u00a0miliard h\u0159iven. Z\u00a0toho 2,2\u00a0miliardy na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky a\u00a024,5\u00a0miliardy na d\u016fchody. V\u00a0syst\u00e9mu je p\u0159es 1,2\u00a0milionu lid\u00ed,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil ukrajinsk\u00fd ministr soci\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky Denys Uljutin.<\/a> Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch 27\u00a0miliard h\u0159iven je tak\u0159ka t\u0159in\u00e1ct miliard korun.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd dron nad reaktorem<\/p>\n

A \u010cernobyl se po letech znovu dostal na str\u00e1nky m\u00e9di\u00ed, tentokr\u00e1t kv\u016fli v\u00e1lce. 14.\u00a0\u00fanora lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku zas\u00e1hl rusk\u00fd \u00fato\u010dn\u00fd dron ochrann\u00fd kryt nad zni\u010den\u00fdm \u010dtvrt\u00fdm blokem.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 banka pro obnovu a\u00a0rozvoj uvedla, \u017ee \u00fatok po\u0161kodil syst\u00e9my z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro bezpe\u010dn\u00fd provoz nov\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho krytu. Odhadla n\u00e1klady na opravu na nejm\u00e9n\u011b 500\u00a0milion\u016f eur\u00a0(12,2\u00a0miliardy korun) a\u00a0upozornila, \u017ee bez v\u010dasn\u00e9 opravy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9mu naru\u0161en\u00ed funk\u010dnosti cel\u00e9 konstrukce a\u00a0nevratn\u00e9 korozi.<\/p>\n

Kryt postaven\u00fd v\u00a0roce 2010\u00a0p\u0159itom p\u016fvodn\u011b st\u00e1l 2,1\u00a0miliardy eur (p\u0159es 50\u00a0miliard korun) a\u00a0jeho stavbu financovalo p\u0159es \u010dty\u0159icet zem\u00ed sv\u011bta, s\u00a0pl\u00e1novanou \u017eivotnost\u00ed zhruba sto let. P\u0159i leto\u0161n\u00edm v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed katastrofy to okomentoval ukrajinsk\u00fd prezident Volodymyr Zelenskyj: \u201eSvou v\u00e1lkou Rusko op\u011bt stav\u00ed sv\u011bt na hranici pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 hav\u00e1rie.\u201c<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jen v\u00a0prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci po v\u00fdbuchu st\u00e1la z\u00e1chrann\u00e1 operace t\u0159i miliardy rubl\u016f. Pro p\u0159edstavu: pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed mzda v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":70038,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[145,10291,17,21,16,61,18,19,22,110,20],"class_list":{"0":"post-70037","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zpravy","8":"tag-belorusko","9":"tag-cernobyl","10":"tag-headlines","11":"tag-hlavni-udalosti","12":"tag-news","13":"tag-rusko","14":"tag-top-news","15":"tag-top-stories","16":"tag-udalosti-dne","17":"tag-ukrajina","18":"tag-zpravy"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116487098639341662","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}