{"id":73308,"date":"2026-05-02T11:57:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-02T11:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/73308\/"},"modified":"2026-05-02T11:57:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T11:57:12","slug":"chtel-byt-ucitelem-radeji-se-dal-na-vcelarstvi-ted-i-leci-lidi-vzduchem-z-ulu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/73308\/","title":{"rendered":"Cht\u011bl b\u00fdt u\u010ditelem, rad\u011bji se dal na v\u010dela\u0159stv\u00ed. Te\u010f i\u00a0l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed lidi vzduchem z\u00a0\u00fal\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u010dely tu byly u\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed lidmi. Dnes se v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch a\u00a0moravsk\u00fdch kraj\u00edch v\u011bnuje chovu tohoto prastar\u00e9ho superorganismu na 62\u00a0tis\u00edc registrovan\u00fdch v\u010dela\u0159\u016f. <\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich je u\u017e p\u011btadvacet let ani ne \u010dty\u0159icetilet\u00fd Petr Hra\u0161ko. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ke v\u010del\u00e1m se dostal u\u017e ve \u010dtrn\u00e1cti letech. A\u00a0\u017ee jeho \u017eivot vypl\u0148uj\u00ed skoro na maximum, je z\u0159ejm\u00e9 z\u00a0toho, \u017ee sice vystudoval t\u011blocvik a\u00a0speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagogiku, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b dokon\u010duje odborn\u00e9 u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00a0Nasavrk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 je majitelem v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9ho st\u0159ediska v\u00a0Ps\u00e1rech u\u00a0Prahy. Na p\u011bti stanovi\u0161t\u00edch chov\u00e1 100\u00a0v\u010delstev. <\/p>\n

\u201eJestli m\u00e1m v\u010dely r\u00e1d? Ano, m\u00e1m je r\u00e1d,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v\u00a0rozhovoru. \u201eObdivuhodn\u00e1 je t\u0159eba jejich d\u011blba pr\u00e1ce. To, jak se v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu zapojuj\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch na sebe navazuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed: a\u0165 u\u017e jde o\u00a0koji\u010dku, krmi\u010dku, stavitelku voskov\u00fdch pl\u00e1st\u016f, l\u00e9tavku anebo v\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru \u017eivota str\u00e1\u017ekyni.\u201c <\/p>\n

V\u010dela\u0159\u016f v\u00a0\u010cesku v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech velmi p\u0159ibylo. Je to jen m\u00f3da, kter\u00e1 zase p\u0159ejde?<\/p>\n

V\u010dela\u0159\u00ed se tu u\u017e stovky let. Jde o\u00a0starod\u00e1vnou tradici, av\u0161ak citeln\u00fd rozvoj v\u010dela\u0159stv\u00ed nastal a\u017e v\u00a0\u00e9\u0159e Rakouska-Uherska. M\u00e1te ale pravdu: v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se v\u010dela\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku stalo i\u00a0m\u00f3dn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Ve Svazu v\u010dela\u0159\u016f je tak k\u00a0dne\u0161ku registrov\u00e1no kolem 62\u00a0tis\u00edc chovatel\u016f. Bez p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed jsme tedy opravdu n\u00e1rodem v\u010dela\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n

Foto: Michal Turek, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Zm\u00ednil jste motivy, pro\u010d lid\u00e9 v\u010dela\u0159ili\u2026<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u011b ne\u0161lo ani tak o\u00a0med \u010di dal\u0161\u00ed v\u010del\u00ed produkty, ale o\u00a0vosk. Lid\u00e9 ho ve starov\u011bku a\u00a0st\u0159edov\u011bku pot\u0159ebovali k\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b sv\u00ed\u010dek \u010di nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sv\u00edtidel – p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro chr\u00e1my a\u00a0katedr\u00e1ly. Vosk v\u0161ak byl ve st\u0159edov\u011bku d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd i\u00a0p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b forem k\u00a0odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bl a\u00a0zbran\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dalibor Tit\u011bra z\u00a0V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9ho mi \u0159ekl, \u017ee do v\u010del d\u011bl\u00e1 des\u00edtky let, a\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1d se m\u00e1 od nich co u\u010dit. Je jejich sv\u011bt opravdu st\u00e1le tak neprob\u00e1dan\u00fd?<\/p>\n

V\u010dely n\u00e1s opravdu neust\u00e1le n\u011b\u010d\u00edm p\u0159ekvapuj\u00ed a\u00a0inspiruj\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u010delstvo je samo o\u00a0sob\u011b superorganismem, kter\u00e9 proch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku r\u016fzn\u00fdmi f\u00e1zemi v\u00fdvoje. Jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed se tak neust\u00e1le m\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Trochu to zjednodu\u0161\u00edm: v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00fd rok za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 podlet\u00edm, obdob\u00edm mezi \u010dervencem a\u00a0srpnem, kdy v\u010dela\u0159 p\u0159ipravuje v\u010delstva na zimu a\u00a0zakrmuje je. V\u00a0tomto obdob\u00ed by m\u011bla b\u00fdt v\u00a0optim\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edle, aby zd\u00e1rn\u011b p\u0159ezimovala, co\u017e je \u010das vegeta\u010dn\u00edho klidu, kdy v\u010delstvo v\u00a0sev\u0159en\u00e9m chom\u00e1\u010di zimuje a\u00a0vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm tepla ve sv\u00e9m st\u0159edu chr\u00e1n\u00ed kr\u00e1lovnu. <\/p>\n

N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u0159edja\u0159\u00ed je pak obdob\u00edm, kdy vykv\u00e9taj\u00ed prvn\u00ed zdroje sn\u016f\u0161ky: nap\u0159\u00edklad ol\u0161e lepkav\u00e1. V\u00a0druh\u00e9m obdob\u00ed jara pak p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed \u010das bou\u0159liv\u00e9ho rozvoje, kdy v\u010dela\u0159 v\u010delstva intenzivn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje. Vrcholem je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b obdob\u00ed vyt\u00e1\u010den\u00ed medu. No a\u00a0pak se op\u011bt vrac\u00edme na za\u010d\u00e1tek: p\u0159\u00edprava na zimov\u00e1n\u00ed, zal\u00e9\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010delstev organick\u00fdmi kyselinami a\u00a0krmen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Petr Hra\u0161ko (39)Foto: Michal Turek, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Petr Hra\u0161ko.<\/p>\n

Vystudoval Fakultu t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy a\u00a0sportu UK, obor speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagogika a\u00a0t\u011blesn\u00e1 v\u00fdchova.Kon\u010d\u00ed studium St\u0159edn\u00edho v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9ho u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Nasavrk\u00e1ch. V\u010dela\u0159\u00ed 25\u00a0let – od sv\u00fdch \u010dtrn\u00e1cti.Majitel Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9ho st\u0159ediska v\u00a0Ps\u00e1rech u\u00a0Prahy. Na p\u011bti stanovi\u0161t\u00edch chov\u00e1 100\u00a0v\u010delstev. V\u011bnuje se i\u00a0apiterapii \u010di v\u00fdrob\u011b v\u010del\u00edch produkt\u016f, jako je propolisov\u00fd kr\u00e9m \u010di tinktura.M\u00edstop\u0159edseda okresn\u00ed organizace Praha-z\u00e1pad \u010cesk\u00e9ho svazu v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Jak to letos po dlouh\u00e9 zim\u011b vypad\u00e1 se v\u010delami? Pt\u00e1m se i\u00a0proto, \u017ee v\u00a0uplynul\u00e9m obdob\u00ed jim daly dost zabrat v\u00fdkyvy klimatu, melecit\u00f3za – tedy zatvrdnut\u00ed medu – a\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edc rozto\u010de s\u00a0viry.<\/p>\n

Souvisely s\u00a0t\u00edm pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00e9 \u00fahyny v\u010delstev. Leto\u0161n\u00ed rok ale vypad\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b dob\u0159e. V\u010dely mi d\u011blaj\u00ed jen radost.<\/p>\n

Kolikr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b vyt\u00e1\u010d\u00edte med?<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u017edy na sn\u016f\u0161kov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. Med vyt\u00e1\u010d\u00edm zpravidla dvakr\u00e1t. Velmi ov\u0161em z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed i\u00a0na poloze – tedy klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch – stanovi\u0161t\u011b v\u010del a\u00a0s\u00edle v\u010delstva. Prvn\u00ed med je kv\u011btov\u00fd z\u00a0ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f, ten druh\u00fd pak sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd \u010di z\u00a0medovice.<\/p>\n

Foto: Michal Turek, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Po\u0159\u00e1d se to\u010d\u00edme kolem tajemstv\u00ed v\u010del\u00edho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Vy v\u010dela\u0159\u00edte p\u011btadvacet let, u\u017e od sv\u00fdch \u010dtrn\u00e1cti. I\u00a0v\u00e1s v\u010dely neust\u00e1le p\u0159ekvapuj\u00ed?<\/p>\n

P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u011b neust\u00e1le inspiruj\u00ed p\u00edl\u00ed, \u010dinorodost\u00ed a\u00a0aktivitou. Pr\u00e1ce se v\u010delami je pro m\u011b i\u00a0po p\u011btadvaceti letech fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed. Jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvlastek si ten superorganismus ani nezaslou\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Obdivuhodn\u00e1 je t\u0159eba d\u011blba pr\u00e1ce. To, jak se v\u010dely v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu zapojuj\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch na sebe navazuj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed: a\u0165 jde o\u00a0koji\u010dku, krmi\u010dku, stavitelku voskov\u00fdch pl\u00e1st\u016f, l\u00e9tavku anebo v\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru \u017eivota str\u00e1\u017ekyni.<\/p>\n

\u010cetl jsem n\u011bco o\u00a0p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch tajemstv\u00edch \u017eivota v\u010del. Nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u00a0vzniku v\u010del\u00edho trub\u010d\u00edho sn\u011bmu.<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edk\u00e1te tajemstv\u00ed? Sp\u00ed\u0161e jde o – a\u00a0j\u00e1 znovu pou\u017eiji ten p\u0159\u00edvlastek – fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edlu feromonu mlad\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovny. Kdy\u017e se toti\u017e vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na snubn\u00ed prolet, okoln\u00ed trubci to podle jej\u00edho feromonu uc\u00edt\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00ed ji asi tak do v\u00fd\u0161ky t\u0159iceti metr\u016f, kde ji oplodn\u00ed osm a\u017e dvan\u00e1ct trubc\u016f. V\u00fdbava spermatu v\u00a0jej\u00ed spermat\u00e9ce j\u00ed pak vydr\u017e\u00ed na cel\u00fd \u017eivot (t\u0159i\u00a0a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i\u00a0roky\u00a0\u2013 pozn. red.). Feromon matky m\u00e1 ov\u0161em i\u00a0d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd stmelovac\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n

Jakmile toti\u017e v\u010delstvo p\u0159ijde o\u00a0matku-kr\u00e1lovnu, v\u010dely na to asi tak do hodiny zareaguj\u00ed osi\u0159elost\u00ed a\u00a0za\u010dnou stav\u011bt nouzov\u00e9 mate\u010dn\u00edky (\u201emisky\u201c pro larvy nov\u00fdch kr\u00e1loven – pozn. red.). Alarmovou situaci tak \u0159e\u0161\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b, proto\u017ee kdy\u017e zest\u00e1rne plod, v\u010delstvo vym\u0159e. V\u010dely tak neust\u00e1le velmi pru\u017en\u011b reaguj\u00ed na jak\u00e9koliv vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u010di vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podn\u011bty.<\/p>\n

Foto: Michal Turek, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam pro p\u0159\u00edrodu.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e v\u00e1s kolega Michal Turek fotil u\u00a0prohl\u00eddky \u00fal\u016f, chv\u00edlemi jste se se v\u010delami a\u017e mazlil a\u00a0hladil je, ani\u017e byste dostal \u017eihadlo\u2026<\/p>\n

No\u2026 pokud se chcete zeptat, zda je m\u00e1m r\u00e1d, tak ano – m\u00e1m je r\u00e1d. Jak tak\u00e9 jinak. Po\u0159\u00e1d se to\u010d\u00edme kolem tajemstv\u00ed v\u010del\u00edho \u017eivota. Zm\u00edn\u00edm tedy alespo\u0148 jedin\u00e9, kv\u016fli n\u011bmu\u017e m\u00e1m ke sv\u00fdm v\u010del\u00e1m siln\u00fd vztah. Zdrav\u00e9 v\u010delstvo toti\u017e vyza\u0159uje biopole, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 na lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo zklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed vliv. I\u00a0proto si u\u00a0v\u010del v\u017edy odpo\u010dinu, vy\u010dist\u00edm si hlavu od starost\u00ed. Biopole sni\u017euje nap\u0159\u00edklad tepovou frekvenci, a\u00a0t\u00edm i\u00a0tlak. Tento l\u00e9\u010div\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek je koneckonc\u016f i\u00a0sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed apiterapie.<\/p>\n

O podp\u016frnou l\u00e9\u010debnou terapii v\u010delami a\u00a0jejich produkty. Tedy medem, pylem, propolisem, mate\u0159\u00ed ka\u0161i\u010dkou, voskem, v\u010del\u00edm jedem anebo i\u00a0trub\u010d\u00edm ml\u00e9kem. A\u00a0t\u0159eba o\u00a0antimikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edch a\u00a0protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch propolisu, z\u00a0n\u011bho\u017e se dnes vyr\u00e1b\u00ed t\u0159eba l\u00e9\u010div\u00fd kr\u00e9m \u010di tinktura, v\u011bd\u011bli lid\u00e9 u\u017e p\u0159ed stovkami let. L\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky tak maj\u00ed v\u0161echny v\u010del\u00ed produkty.<\/p>\n

Foto: Jan Gazd\u00edk, Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Uvnit\u0159 v\u00a0apidomku.<\/p>\n

Pozval jste n\u00e1s do va\u0161eho apidomku. K\u00a0\u010demu slou\u017e\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Jde o\u00a0upraven\u00fd domek, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e jsou v\u010del\u00ed \u00faly, na kter\u00fdch lze odpo\u010d\u00edvat. M\u016f\u017eete si na n\u011b lehnout \u010di sednout, ani\u017e p\u0159ijdete do kontaktu se v\u010delami. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed ventilac\u00ed pak inhalujete \u00falov\u00fd vzduch: nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdpary antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00edho a\u00a0antivirotick\u00e9ho propolisu \u010di mate\u0159\u00ed ka\u0161i\u010dky a\u00a0samoz\u0159ejm\u011b medu. Jde o\u00a0cel\u00e9 spektrum zdrav\u00ed prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch aromatick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek. O\u00a0zklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch v\u010del\u00edho biopole jsme u\u017e mluvili.<\/p>\n

V\u010dely jsou pochopiteln\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 i\u00a0jako opylova\u010dky. Co je pravdy na tom, \u017ee pokud by vyhynuly, za\u010dne lidstvo hladov\u011bt?<\/p>\n

Kdysi to snad \u0159ekl Albert Einstein. V\u010dely ale nejsou jedin\u00fdm opylova\u010dem rostlin. Jeden ze zdej\u0161\u00edch potravinov\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f zavedl nicm\u00e9n\u011b zaj\u00edmavou tradici – kampa\u0148: na jeden den v\u017edy odstran\u00ed z\u00a0reg\u00e1l\u016f v\u0161echny potraviny, na jejich\u017e vzniku se pod\u00edlej\u00ed v\u010dely. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edci jsou pak poka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159ekvapeni, kdy\u017e p\u0159ijdou do polopr\u00e1zdn\u00e9ho, ze dvou t\u0159etin vypr\u00e1zdn\u011bn\u00e9ho obchodu. I\u00a0z toho plyne, jak velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam maj\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edrodu i\u00a0lidstvo v\u010dely.<\/p>\n

A chov\u00e1me se k\u00a0nim podle toho?<\/p>\n

Zlep\u0161uje se to. Citeln\u011b ubylo otrav pesticidy \u010di jin\u00fdmi chemik\u00e1liemi. V\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce jich bylo pouh\u00fdch deset. Zem\u011bd\u011blci si u\u017e d\u00e1vaj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozor na to, v\u00a0jak\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed i\u00a0denn\u00ed dob\u011b aplikuj\u00ed hnojiva \u010di post\u0159iky. Pomohla tomu i\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 informovanost mezi v\u010dela\u0159i a\u00a0zem\u011bd\u011blci. Ti si toti\u017e uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u010dely v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V\u010dely tu byly u\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed lidmi. Dnes se v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch a\u00a0moravsk\u00fdch kraj\u00edch v\u011bnuje chovu tohoto prastar\u00e9ho superorganismu na…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73309,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,1819,8455,7582],"class_list":{"0":"post-73308","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-ceska-republika","9":"tag-cesko","10":"tag-czech-republic","11":"tag-czechia","12":"tag-rozhovory","13":"tag-vcelari","14":"tag-vcely"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116504864075161471","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}