{"id":73933,"date":"2026-05-03T06:12:21","date_gmt":"2026-05-03T06:12:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/73933\/"},"modified":"2026-05-03T06:12:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T06:12:21","slug":"nejhorsi-rakovina-mozku-jak-se-leci-glioblastom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/73933\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejhor\u0161\u00ed rakovina mozku: Jak se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed glioblastom"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gliomy<\/a> jsou zhoubn\u00e9 i\u00a0nezhoubn\u00e9 n\u00e1dory mozku a\u00a0m\u00edchy a\u00a0jejich nejzhoubn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou je glioblastom<\/a>. Ten u\u00a0n\u00e1s ro\u010dn\u011b postihne zhruba 250\u00a0a\u017e 300\u00a0lid\u00ed a\u00a0jeho l\u00e9\u010dba je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1: rakovinov\u00fd n\u00e1dor rychle pror\u016fst\u00e1 mezi zdrav\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, tak\u017ee jej nelze \u00fapln\u011b odstranit. Pokrok ve v\u011bd\u011b a\u00a0medic\u00edn\u011b u\u017e nab\u00edz\u00ed terapie, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1vaj\u00ed pacient\u016fm nad\u011bji.<\/p>\n

\u010cepi\u010dka, kter\u00e1 zpomal\u00ed rakovinu<\/p>\n

Jednou z\u00a0nad\u011bjn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f l\u00e9\u010dby n\u00e1dor\u016f mozku je metoda st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch pol\u00ed TTF. Pacient nos\u00ed na hlav\u011b speci\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s\u00a0elektrodami, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed n\u00edzkoenergetick\u00e1 pole a\u00a0naru\u0161uj\u00ed d\u011blen\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. \u201eNejde o\u00a0z\u00e1zra\u010dnou metodu, ale u\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch pacient\u016f je efekt mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 profesor Josef Vymazal, prim\u00e1\u0159 radiodiagnostick\u00e9ho odd\u011blen\u00ed FN Motol a\u00a0Homolka.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dba TTF je od podzimu lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku hrazena ze zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, m\u011bla by tedy b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 v\u0161em pacient\u016fm, jejich\u017e onemocn\u011bn\u00ed spl\u0148uje p\u0159esn\u011b definovan\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, a\u00a0to ve \u010dty\u0159ech centrech: v\u00a0Praze ve FN Motol a\u00a0Homolka a\u00a0v \u00daVN, d\u00e1le v\u00a0Masarykov\u011b onkologick\u00e9m \u00fastavu v\u00a0Brn\u011b a\u00a0ve FN Olomouc.<\/p>\n

Metoda TTF Optune (Tumor Treating Fields) vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00edzkofrekven\u010dn\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 pole k zastaven\u00ed d\u011blen\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, a tedy \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1doru. Pacient mus\u00ed m\u00edt za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s elektrodami na hlav\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u011b 18 hodin denn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vno svou \u201e\u010depi\u010dku\u201c uk\u00e1zala i\u00a0La\u010fka N\u011brge\u0161ov\u00e1<\/a>, kter\u00e1 sd\u00edl\u00ed, co l\u00e9\u010dba glioblastomu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed, a\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky n\u00ed si lze prakticky p\u0159edstavit, jak takov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba vypad\u00e1 a\u00a0co v\u0161echno v\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je l\u00e9\u010dba glioblastom\u016f tak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci se sna\u017e\u00ed dozv\u011bd\u011bt co nejv\u00edce o\u00a0vzniku rakoviny. \u201eZa \u201amotor\u2018 n\u00e1dorov\u00e9ho r\u016fstu m\u016f\u017eeme ozna\u010dit n\u011bkter\u00e9 genov\u00e9 mutace, kter\u00e9 m\u011bn\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed bun\u011bk, tak\u017ee se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed rakovinn\u00fdmi. Pot\u0159ebujeme naj\u00edt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed mutovan\u00fd gen nebo b\u00edlkovinu, kterou \u0159\u00edd\u00ed a\u00a0kter\u00e1 je pro n\u00e1dor d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, a\u00a0zac\u00edlit l\u00e9\u010dbu p\u0159\u00edmo tam a\u00a0m\u00e9n\u011b po\u0161kozovat zdrav\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b,\u201c vysv\u011btluje profesor Aleksi \u0160edo<\/a>, \u0159editel N\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u00fastavu pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny (N\u00daVR).<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed se v\u011bnuje tak\u00e9 imunoterapii<\/a>, kter\u00e1 je u\u00a0glioblastom\u016f zat\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. \u201eGlioblastom je velmi specifick\u00fd, proto\u017ee um\u00ed kolem sebe vytvo\u0159it mikroprost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 siln\u011b tlum\u00ed aktivitu imunitn\u00edch bun\u011bk. Imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m ho nav\u00edc h\u016f\u0159e rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 jako ciz\u00ed, a\u00a0t\u00edm p\u00e1dem proti n\u011bmu dostate\u010dn\u011b nezasahuje. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na to, jak toto potla\u010den\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed znovu aktivovat,\u201c vysv\u011btluje expert.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci se tak sna\u017e\u00ed porozum\u011bt, jak spolu bu\u0148ky komunikuj\u00ed a\u00a0jak n\u00e1dor \u201eusp\u00e1v\u00e1\u201c imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 by proti n\u011bmu jinak zas\u00e1hly. Sna\u017e\u00ed se p\u0159ij\u00edt na to, jak tuto komunikaci naru\u0161it, oslabit potla\u010den\u00ed imunity a\u00a0pak c\u00edlen\u011b zas\u00e1hnout tam, kde je pot\u0159eba, tedy bez zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b. <\/p>\n

Budoucnost l\u00e9\u010dby gliom\u016f, tedy n\u00e1dor\u016f mozku<\/a>, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u00a0kombinaci v\u00edce metod, po\u010d\u00ednaje chirurgi\u00ed p\u0159es radioterapii, chemoterapii i\u00a0c\u00edlenou imunoterapii nebo zm\u00edn\u011bnou terapii elektrick\u00fdmi poli. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k\u00a0v\u00fdb\u011bru pak bude p\u0159esn\u00e1 molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed diagnostika, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu vyrobit na m\u00edru konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu n\u00e1doru i\u00a0pacientovi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Gliomy jsou zhoubn\u00e9 i\u00a0nezhoubn\u00e9 n\u00e1dory mozku a\u00a0m\u00edchy a\u00a0jejich nejzhoubn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou je glioblastom. Ten u\u00a0n\u00e1s ro\u010dn\u011b postihne zhruba 250\u00a0a\u017e…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73934,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[19656,79,24094,3274,5793,24095,2813,10142,16281,2811,8108,4095,80],"class_list":{"0":"post-73933","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zabava","8":"tag-chemoterapie","9":"tag-entertainment","10":"tag-glioblastom","11":"tag-imunita","12":"tag-imunoterapie","13":"tag-ladislava-nergesova","14":"tag-lecba","15":"tag-nador","16":"tag-nadorova-onemocneni","17":"tag-rakovina","18":"tag-terapie","19":"tag-vyzkum","20":"tag-zabava"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116509169565677671","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73933\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73934"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}