{"id":75287,"date":"2026-05-04T13:13:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-04T13:13:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/75287\/"},"modified":"2026-05-04T13:13:18","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T13:13:18","slug":"vzacny-hantavirus-zrejme-zabijel-na-vyletni-lodi-jake-je-nebezpeci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/75287\/","title":{"rendered":"Vz\u00e1cn\u00fd hantavirus z\u0159ejm\u011b zab\u00edjel na v\u00fdletn\u00ed lodi: Jak\u00e9 je nebezpe\u010d\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na palub\u011b v\u00fdletn\u00ed lodi MV Hondius, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech plavila Atlantsk\u00fdm oce\u00e1nem mezi Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerikou a\u00a0Afrikou, zem\u0159eli t\u0159i cestuj\u00edc\u00ed. Podle Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace (WHO) se u\u00a0nich i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch pasa\u017e\u00e9r\u016f objevilo podez\u0159en\u00ed na n\u00e1kazu hantavirem, vz\u00e1cn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm hlodavci.<\/p>\n

Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy p\u0159ipravily p\u0159ehled ot\u00e1zek a\u00a0odpov\u011bd\u00ed, kter\u00fd vysv\u011btluje, co o\u00a0n\u00e1kaze zat\u00edm v\u00edme.<\/p>\n

Co se stalo lidem na lodi Hondius?<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady se za\u010daly objevovat postupn\u011b b\u011bhem cesty a\u00a0u \u010d\u00e1sti cestuj\u00edc\u00edch byl pr\u016fb\u011bh n\u00e1kazy rychl\u00fd a\u00a0velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd. N\u00e1kaza hantavirem je zat\u00edm potvrzen\u00e1 u\u00a0jednoho \u010dlov\u011bka, u\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bti se zat\u00edm prov\u011b\u0159uje.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed je sedmdes\u00e1tilet\u00fd mu\u017e z\u00a0Nizozemska. Nejd\u0159\u00edve dostal hore\u010dku, siln\u00e9 bolesti hlavy a\u00a0b\u0159icha i\u00a0za\u017e\u00edvac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. Zem\u0159el po p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed na britsk\u00e9m ostrov\u011b Svat\u00e1 Helena uprost\u0159ed ji\u017en\u00edho Atlantiku. Jeho t\u011blo m\u011blo b\u00fdt n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159evezeno zp\u011bt do domovsk\u00e9ho Nizozemska.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh m\u011bla i\u00a0jeho dev\u011bta\u0161edes\u00e1tilet\u00e1 man\u017eelka. P\u0159evezli ji do nemocnice v\u00a0Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice , kde zem\u0159ela. I\u00a0t\u0159et\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0Nizozemska.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad se t\u00fdk\u00e1 britsk\u00e9ho ob\u010dana, kter\u00fd onemocn\u011bl b\u011bhem plavby mezi Svatou Helenou a\u00a0ostrovem Ascension a\u00a0byl n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159evezen do zdravotnick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00a0Jihoafrick\u00e9 republice. Je v\u00a0kritick\u00e9m stavu. Urgentn\u00ed pomoc pot\u0159ebovali tak\u00e9 dva \u010dlenov\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 je riziko \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mimo lo\u010f?<\/p>\n

\u201eRiziko pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00edzk\u00e9. Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 panika\u0159it ani zav\u00e1d\u011bt omezen\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c tvrd\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel WHO pro Evropu Hans Kluge.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00fd zdroj n\u00e1kazy zat\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nejasn\u00fd a\u00a0vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokra\u010duje. Lo\u010f se v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed nedaleko Kapverd, kter\u00e9 j\u00ed ale nedovolily p\u0159ist\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Na palub\u011b bylo asi 150\u00a0turist\u016f, \u0159ekl britsk\u00e9 BBC<\/a> mluv\u010d\u00ed jihoafrick\u00e9ho ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed Foster Mohale.<\/p>\n

Co je hantavirus?<\/p>\n

Hantavirus je skupina vir\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed hlavn\u011b hlodavci. Ti ho b\u011b\u017en\u011b maj\u00ed v\u00a0t\u011ble, ale sami v\u011bt\u0161inou neonemocn\u00ed. Existuje v\u00edce druh\u016f hantavir\u016f a\u00a0li\u0161\u00ed se podle oblasti v\u00fdskytu. Ty, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed v\u00a0Americe, b\u00fdvaj\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0mohou napadat pl\u00edce, zat\u00edmco evropsk\u00e9 a\u00a0asijsk\u00e9 varianty \u010dast\u011bji postihuj\u00ed ledviny.<\/p>\n

Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je sice vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, ale v\u00a0t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev viru je odvozen\u00fd od jihokorejsk\u00e9 \u0159eky Hantan, kde ho v\u00a0sedmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed identifikovali.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Jak se m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk nakazit?<\/p>\n

Na \u010dlov\u011bka se virus dostane jen z\u0159\u00eddka, nej\u010dast\u011bji vdechnut\u00edm prachu, kter\u00fd obsahuje zbytky trusu, mo\u010di nebo slin naka\u017een\u00fdch hlodavc\u016f. Rizikov\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00e9 nebo \u0161patn\u011b v\u011btran\u00e9 prostory, kde se zv\u00ed\u0159ata pohybuj\u00ed. P\u0159enos mezi lidmi je velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fd a\u00a0u v\u011bt\u0161iny typ\u016f hantavir\u016f se v\u016fbec nepotvrdil.<\/p>\n

Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se lid\u00e9 nakazili pr\u00e1v\u011b na lodi?<\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00fd zdroj n\u00e1kazy zat\u00edm nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad d\u00e1l vy\u0161et\u0159uj\u00ed zdravotnick\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f ale nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, aby se lid\u00e9 nakazili p\u0159\u00edmo na palub\u011b. K\u00a0expozici mohlo doj\u00edt u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve, nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem pobytu na pevnin\u011b p\u0159ed vyplut\u00edm nebo p\u0159i n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze zast\u00e1vek.<\/p>\n

Nelze ale vylou\u010dit ani kontakt s\u00a0kontaminovan\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm p\u0159\u00edmo na lodi, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud by se na palubu dostali hlodavci nebo jejich stopy.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 hantavirus p\u0159\u00edznaky?<\/p>\n

Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u010dasto za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 nen\u00e1padn\u011b, podobn\u011b jako ch\u0159ipka. Objevuje se hore\u010dka, \u00fanava, bolesti sval\u016f nebo hlavy. U\u00a0\u010d\u00e1sti pacient\u016f se ale stav m\u016f\u017ee rychle zhor\u0161it. U\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch variant doch\u00e1z\u00ed pozd\u011bji k\u00a0v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm s\u00a0d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm, jindy k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin. T\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady vy\u017eaduj\u00ed hospitalizaci a\u00a0intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n

U nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch variant m\u016f\u017ee \u00famrtnost dosahovat a\u017e des\u00edtek procent. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto odborn\u00edci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9 rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a\u00a0rychlou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc.<\/p>\n

\u201eZa\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 to opravdu jako ch\u0159ipka, bolesti t\u011bla, celkov\u011b \u0161patn\u00fd pocit,\u201c vysv\u011btlila l\u00e9ka\u0159ka Sonja Bartolomeov\u00e1 z\u00a0Jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edho l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9ho centra Univerzity v\u00a0Texasu pro \u010dasopis Time. \u201eNa za\u010d\u00e1tku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed opravdu nemus\u00edte b\u00fdt schopni rozli\u0161it mezi hantavirem a\u00a0ch\u0159ipkou.\u201c<\/p>\n

<\/a>Kolik p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f hantaviru se ro\u010dn\u011b objevuje?<\/p>\n

V USA jsou p\u0159\u00edpady v\u00fdrazn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Od roku 1993, kdy tam za\u010dalo systematick\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, bylo do roku 2023\u00a0zaznamen\u00e1no necel\u00fdch 900\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kmeny viru, nap\u0159\u00edklad takzvan\u00fd soulsk\u00fd virus p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd potkany, se ale vyskytuj\u00ed prakticky po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jak se hantavirus l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Na hantavirov\u00e9 infekce neexistuje specifick\u00fd l\u00e9k. L\u00e9\u010dba je proto hlavn\u011b podp\u016frn\u00e1 a\u00a0zam\u011b\u0159uje se na zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f.<\/p>\n

U leh\u010d\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f sta\u010d\u00ed klid a\u00a0sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu, u\u00a0t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch je nutn\u00e1 hospitalizace, n\u011bkdy i\u00a0p\u00e9\u010de na jednotce intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, nap\u0159\u00edklad kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm s\u00a0d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00edm nebo selh\u00e1n\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016f. V\u010dasn\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 pomoc v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje \u0161anci na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak se chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed hantavirem?<\/p>\n

Na hantavirov\u00e9 infekce neexistuje c\u00edlen\u00fd l\u00e9k ani vakc\u00edna, l\u00e9\u010dba je pouze podp\u016frn\u00e1. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto je podle odborn\u00edk\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 prevence, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblastech, kde se mohou vyskytovat naka\u017een\u00ed hlodavci.<\/p>\n

Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk naraz\u00ed na trus nebo stopy hlodavc\u016f, nem\u011bl by m\u00edsto zametat ani vys\u00e1vat, proto\u017ee by t\u00edm mohl rozpt\u00fdlit infek\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice do vzduchu. Odborn\u00edci doporu\u010duj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt rukavice a\u00a0respir\u00e1tor, ide\u00e1ln\u011b typu N95, a\u00a0prostor nejprve vyv\u011btrat.<\/p>\n

Kontaminovan\u00e9 m\u00edsto je vhodn\u00e9 post\u0159\u00edkat dezinfekc\u00ed nebo roztokem b\u011blidla a\u00a0nechat n\u011bkolik minut p\u016fsobit. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se m\u00e1 v\u0161e set\u0159\u00edt pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi ut\u011brkami, kter\u00e9 se ihned vyhod\u00ed do pevn\u011b uzav\u00edrateln\u00e9ho ko\u0161e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Na palub\u011b v\u00fdletn\u00ed lodi MV Hondius, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech plavila Atlantsk\u00fdm oce\u00e1nem mezi Ji\u017en\u00ed Amerikou a\u00a0Afrikou, zem\u0159eli…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":75288,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[7795,2345,24372,3261,24371,54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-75287","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-atlantsky-ocean","9":"tag-jihoafricka-republika-jar","10":"tag-kapverdy","11":"tag-lode","12":"tag-svata-helena","13":"tag-svet","14":"tag-world","15":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116516487848794687","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75287\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75288"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}