{"id":77533,"date":"2026-05-06T15:08:11","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T15:08:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/77533\/"},"modified":"2026-05-06T15:08:11","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T15:08:11","slug":"nehoda-muze-otrast-svetovym-internetem-iran-ukazal-na-slabe-misto-hormuzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/77533\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eNehoda\u201c m\u016f\u017ee ot\u0159\u00e1st sv\u011btov\u00fdm internetem. \u00cdr\u00e1n uk\u00e1zal na slab\u00e9 m\u00edsto Hormuzu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Existuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak zas\u00e1hnout sv\u011btovou ekonomiku, ne\u017e jsou ohlu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed raketov\u00e9 \u00fadery. <\/p>\n

Krize m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt i\u00a0podobu ticha: n\u00e1hl\u00e9ho v\u00fdpadku pot\u00e9, co se p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed optick\u00e9 kabely. Takov\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nehoda, ale i\u00a0promy\u0161len\u00fd \u00fatok, kter\u00fd jako nehoda jen vypad\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ed zranitelnost\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f v\u00a0Hormuzsk\u00e9m pr\u016flivu v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dnech varoval \u00cdr\u00e1n, podle n\u011bho\u017e p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed slab\u00e9 m\u00edsto region\u00e1ln\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky. <\/p>\n

\u00cdr\u00e1nsk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed nebo st\u00e1tem napojen\u00e1 m\u00e9dia z\u00e1rove\u0148 za\u010dala \u0161\u00ed\u0159it mapy tras podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f, p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00edch stanic a\u00a0datov\u00fdch uzl\u016f v\u00a0Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu.<\/p>\n

Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch analytik\u016f jde o\u00a0varovn\u00fd sign\u00e1l a\u00a0uk\u00e1zku, \u017ee Teher\u00e1n v\u00ed, kde le\u017e\u00ed citliv\u00e1 m\u00edsta digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka s\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nem aktu\u00e1ln\u011b:<\/a>Sta\u010d\u00ed kotva<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00fd vzorec u\u017e m\u00e1 precedent<\/a>. V\u00a0\u00fanoru p\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety se na kan\u00e1lech napojen\u00fdch na jemensk\u00e9 povstalce objevily mapy a\u00a0hrozby nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 proti podmo\u0159sk\u00fdm kabel\u016fm v\u00a0Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i. To vyvolalo obavy, \u017ee by se tato infrastruktura mohla st\u00e1t dal\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem \u00fatok\u016f. <\/p>\n

\u010casopis Foreign Policy tehdy upozornil, \u017ee i\u00a0kdyby sami H\u00fath\u00edov\u00e9 nem\u011bli technick\u00e9 schopnosti k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu podmo\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u00fatoku, pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky by jim mohl poskytnout Teher\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

O n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f pozd\u011bji byly v\u00a0Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i skute\u010dn\u011b po\u0161kozeny kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kabely spojuj\u00edc\u00ed Evropu, Asii a\u00a0Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod. Podle pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vysv\u011btlen\u00ed v\u0161ak nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nebyl c\u00edlen\u00fd podmo\u0159sk\u00fd \u00fatok, ale kotva n\u00e1kladn\u00ed lodi Rubymar, kterou p\u0159edt\u00edm H\u00fath\u00edov\u00e9 zas\u00e1hli a\u00a0kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sledn\u011b driftovala Rud\u00fdm mo\u0159em.<\/p>\n

Foreign Policy u\u017e p\u0159ed incidentem upozor\u0148oval i\u00a0na \u201en\u00edzkon\u00e1kladovou\u201c mo\u017enost po\u0161kozen\u00ed kabel\u016f ta\u017eenou kotvou. H\u00fath\u00edov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed kabel\u016f pop\u00edrali a\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina po\u0161kozen\u00ed nebyla v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b jednozna\u010dn\u011b potvrzena.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto dnes podobn\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 zn\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u011b. Tentokr\u00e1t se v\u0161ak potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed riziko t\u00fdk\u00e1 infrastruktury, kter\u00e1 nepropojuje jen jeden region, ale tvo\u0159\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou trasu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho digit\u00e1ln\u00edho provozu. V\u00a0aktivn\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b nav\u00edc roste riziko, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00e9 nebo opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 plavidlo p\u0159etrhne kabel ne\u00famysln\u011b – nap\u0159\u00edklad ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bnou kotvou.<\/p>\n

\u201eV podstat\u011b jak\u00e1koliv skupina, nebo dokonce i\u00a0jedinec, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 lo\u010f s\u00a0ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm nebo dlouhou a\u00a0t\u011b\u017ekou kotvou a\u00a0siln\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem, m\u016f\u017ee poni\u010dit podmo\u0159sk\u00fd kabel,\u201c uvedl v\u00a0rozhovoru pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> Jonas Franken, odborn\u00edk na bezpe\u010dnost podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 infrastruktury.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Pokud se ale bav\u00edme o\u00a0c\u00edlen\u00e9m a\u00a0synchronizovan\u00e9m \u00fatoku na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kabely, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b o\u00a0operaci v\u00a0hlubok\u00fdch oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch, kam u\u017e ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b ani kotvy nedos\u00e1hnou, jde podle n\u011bj o\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n

\u201eV situaci aktivn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch operac\u00ed se riziko ne\u00famysln\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed zvy\u0161uje. A\u00a0\u010d\u00edm d\u00e9le konflikt trv\u00e1, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je i\u00a0pravd\u011bpodobnost takov\u00e9ho incidentu,\u201c uvedla pro agenturu Reuters<\/a> geopolitick\u00e1 a\u00a0energetick\u00e1 analyti\u010dka Masha Kotkinov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fd \u010din by tak bylo oproti evidentn\u00edmu raketov\u00e9mu \u00fatoku t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u011brohodn\u011b pop\u0159\u00edt, kde\u017eto lo\u010f, kter\u00e1 pobl\u00ed\u017e Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu t\u00e1hne kotvu p\u0159es kabel, nab\u00edz\u00ed mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed prostor pro pochybnosti.<\/p>\n

Foto: Ilustrace: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

Pr\u016f\u0159ez datov\u00fdm podmo\u0159sk\u00fdm kabelem.<\/p>\n

Satelit nen\u00ed alternativa<\/p>\n

P\u0159es optick\u00e9 kabely na dn\u011b oce\u00e1nu proch\u00e1z\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00fd glob\u00e1ln\u00ed internetov\u00fd provoz – a\u017e 99\u00a0procent. <\/p>\n

By\u0165 jsou \u010dasto jen o\u00a0m\u00e1lo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e zahradn\u00ed hadice, jejich v\u00fdznam je obrovsk\u00fd. Podp\u00edraj\u00ed bankovn\u00ed p\u0159evody, akciov\u00e9 trhy, cloudov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, komunikaci vl\u00e1d i\u00a0syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. <\/p>\n

Podle odhad\u016f p\u0159es n\u011b denn\u011b proch\u00e1zej\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed transakce v\u00a0hodnot\u011b bilion\u016f dolar\u016f. A\u00a0pokud by hlavn\u00ed kabelov\u00e9 trasy vypadly, satelitn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b by je nedok\u00e1zaly plnohodnotn\u011b nahradit.<\/p>\n

\u201eNen\u00ed to tak, \u017ee byste mohli prost\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt na satelit. To nen\u00ed alternativa,\u201c \u0159ekl<\/a> Reuters Alan Mauldin, v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti TeleGeography. <\/p>\n

Satelity jsou podle n\u011bj z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na propojen\u00ed s\u00a0pozemn\u00edmi s\u00edt\u011bmi a\u00a0hod\u00ed se sp\u00ed\u0161e pro objekty v\u00a0pohybu, nap\u0159\u00edklad letadla nebo lod\u011b. S\u00edt\u011b na n\u00edzk\u00e9 ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, jako je Starlink, jsou podle Mashy Kotkinov\u00e9 \u201especi\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm\u201c, kter\u00e9 zat\u00edm nen\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1lovateln\u00e9 pro miliony u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/p>\n

Zem\u011b Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, zejm\u00e9na Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty a\u00a0Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, p\u0159itom investuj\u00ed miliardy dolar\u016f do um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a\u00a0digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury, \u010d\u00edm\u017e cht\u011bj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost na rop\u011b a\u00a0diverzifikovat sv\u00e9 ekonomiky. <\/p>\n

Ob\u011b zem\u011b zalo\u017eily n\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na um\u011blou inteligenci, kter\u00e9 obsluhuj\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky v\u00a0cel\u00e9m regionu. Tato ambice ale stoj\u00ed na p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee data budou moci proudit rychle, stabiln\u011b a\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n

Hormuzsk\u00fdm pr\u016flivem vedou<\/a> nap\u0159\u00edklad kabely Asia-Africa-Europe 1, FALCON nebo Gulf Bridge International Cable System. <\/p>\n

AAE-1\u00a0propojuje jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii s\u00a0Evropou p\u0159es Egypt a\u00a0m\u00e1 p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed body mimo jin\u00e9 ve Spojen\u00fdch arabsk\u00fdch emir\u00e1tech, Om\u00e1nu, Kataru a\u00a0Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii. <\/p>\n

FALCON spojuje Indii a\u00a0Sr\u00ed Lanku se zem\u011bmi Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu, S\u00fad\u00e1nem a\u00a0Egyptem. <\/p>\n

Gulf Bridge International propojuje st\u00e1ty Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu v\u010detn\u011b \u00cdr\u00e1nu. Dal\u0161\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b se buduj\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b projektu veden\u00e9ho katarskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed Ooredoo.<\/p>\n

Foto: Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n

N\u00e1hody a\u00a0jejich opravy<\/p>\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor pro ochranu kabel\u016f (ICPC) eviduje ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150\u00a0a\u017e 200\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f poruch podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f. Podle Reuters a\u00a0oborov\u00fdch expert\u016f m\u00e1 70\u00a0a\u017e 80\u00a0procent z\u00a0nich na sv\u011bdom\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 \u010dinnost, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rybolov a\u00a0lodn\u00ed kotvy.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed rizika p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 proudy, zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 sopky nebo tajfuny. Odv\u011btv\u00ed se jim sna\u017e\u00ed \u010delit zakop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm kabel\u016f, jejich panc\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm a\u00a0volbou bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch tras, \u0159ekl Reuters Alan Mauldin z\u00a0TeleGeography.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1lka proti\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu, kterou Izrael a\u00a0USA zah\u00e1jily 28.\u00a0\u00fanora, zat\u00edm podmo\u0159sk\u00e9 kabely u\u0161et\u0159ila. Jak\u00fd dopad by mohlo m\u00edt jejich p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry se na n\u011b jednotliv\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00ed oper\u00e1to\u0159i spol\u00e9haj\u00ed a\u00a0jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed alternativy. <\/p>\n

Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod je nav\u00edc digit\u00e1ln\u00edm centrem – v\u00a018\u00a0zem\u00edch s\u00eddl\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 300\u00a0datov\u00fdch center a\u00a0spole\u010dnosti Amazon, Microsoft a\u00a0Google investuj\u00ed miliardy do cloudov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u00a0zem\u00edch Persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Snadn\u00e9 nejsou ani opravy, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud jde o\u00a0takto konfliktn\u00ed z\u00f3ny. P\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou jsou pojistn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti v\u00a0d\u016fsledku boj\u016f \u010di p\u0159\u00edtomnosti min nebo povolen\u00ed ke vstupu do teritori\u00e1ln\u00edch vod.<\/p>\n

\u201eJedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed oprav je \u010dasto nutnost z\u00edskat povolen\u00ed ke vstupu do vod, kde se po\u0161kozen\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00ed. To m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkdy trvat dlouho a\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zdrojem probl\u00e9m\u016f,\u201c uvedl Mauldin.<\/p>\n

Podle Jonase Frankena, kter\u00fd pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy komentoval po\u0161kozen\u00ed kabel\u016f v\u00a0Rud\u00e9m mo\u0159i v\u00a0roce 2024, by ani z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fd \u00fatok nemusel b\u00fdt pro Evropu fat\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eInternetov\u00e9 spojen\u00ed by se p\u0159esm\u011brovalo na jin\u00e9 trasy. Stejn\u011b jako se to d\u011bje s\u00a0mo\u0159skou dopravou. Do Evropy by se \u0161lo kolem Mysu Dobr\u00e9 nad\u011bje na jihu Afriky nebo p\u0159es Pacifik a\u00a0Atlantik. Latence by se t\u00edm zv\u00fd\u0161ila o\u00a0n\u011bkolik milisekund, co\u017e pro v\u011bt\u0161inu slu\u017eeb nep\u0159edstavuje probl\u00e9m,\u201c uvedl. Dodal nicm\u00e9n\u011b, \u017ee problematick\u00fd by byl dlouhodob\u00fd dopad, jeliko\u017e opravy v\u00a0konfliktn\u00edch z\u00f3n\u00e1ch jsou skute\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u201eZ\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kapacity by se p\u0159itom nem\u011bly vyu\u017e\u00edvat dlouhodob\u011b, proto\u017ee pak mohou chyb\u011bt v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se objev\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Nen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 na nich b\u00fdt dlouhodob\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fd,\u201c dodal.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b slab\u00fd je i\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec, kter\u00fd by od takov\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f mohl odrazovat. \u00damluva OSN <\/a>o\u00a0mo\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 st\u00e1t\u016fm, aby trestaly \u00famysln\u00e9 nebo nedbalostn\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fdch kabel\u016f lod\u011bmi pod jejich vlajkou nebo osobami pod jejich jurisdikc\u00ed. V\u00a0praxi tak vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto z\u00e1vis\u00ed na st\u00e1tu pachatele \u010di vlajky lodi, nikoli na zemi vlastn\u00edka kabelu.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u00fdsledek je p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd – \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd st\u00e1t nebyl dosud st\u00edh\u00e1n. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed kabelov\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed se nikdy nedostal p\u0159ed soud. Kdy\u017e st\u00e1ty jednaj\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zprost\u0159edkovatel\u016f, jak to b\u011b\u017en\u011b \u010din\u00ed \u00cdr\u00e1n, je je\u0161t\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ur\u010dit p\u016fvodce \u00fatoku a\u00a0prahov\u00e1 hodnota pro odvetn\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed nen\u00ed nikdy jednozna\u010dn\u011b spln\u011bna,\u201c napsala pro Asia Times<\/a> Amy Paik, mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 profesorka Univerzity Johna Hopkinse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Existuj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak zas\u00e1hnout sv\u011btovou ekonomiku, ne\u017e jsou ohlu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed raketov\u00e9 \u00fadery. Krize m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt i\u00a0podobu ticha: n\u00e1hl\u00e9ho…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":23263,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[6387,7197,808,9842,14703,6131,54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-77533","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-hormuzsky-pruliv","9":"tag-hutiove","10":"tag-iran","11":"tag-kabel","12":"tag-opticke-site","13":"tag-persky-zaliv","14":"tag-svet","15":"tag-world","16":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116528264386907091","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77533","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77533"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77533\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}