David Frederick Attenborough se narodil v roce 1926 na lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Isleworth, jen necel\u00e9 t\u0159i t\u00fddny po budouc\u00ed kr\u00e1lovn\u011b Al\u017eb\u011bt\u011b II. Tehdy samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nikdo netu\u0161il, \u017ee se jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed dr\u00e1hy jednou symbolicky protnou. Kl\u00ed\u010d k pochopen\u00ed jeho vztahu k humanit\u011b, vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed i p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b le\u017e\u00ed v d\u011btstv\u00ed. Attenborough\u016fv otec byl rektorem na Univerzit\u011b v Leicesteru, v jej\u00edm\u017e kampusu rodina \u017eila. B\u011bhem v\u00e1lky k jeho dv\u011bma rodn\u00fdm bratr\u016fm p\u0159ibyly je\u0161t\u011b dv\u011b sestry \u2013 \u017eidovsk\u00e9 d\u00edvky Helga a Irene Bejachovy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ijely z Berl\u00edna v r\u00e1mci Kindertransport\u016f. <\/p>\n
Tato zku\u0161enost v\u00fdrazn\u011b formovala jeho vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti i spravedlnosti. \u201eNa\u0161i rodi\u010de se v\u017edy postavili na stranu spravedlnosti, kdykoli byli sv\u011bdky bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed. Kindertransporty byly skv\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem \u00facty k lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti, rasov\u00e9 tolerance a soucitu,\u201c vzpom\u00ednal pozd\u011bji David\u016fv bratr, oscarov\u00fd re\u017eis\u00e9r Richard Attenborough.<\/p>\n
Zamlkl\u00fd a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161liv\u00fd David tr\u00e1vil d\u011btstv\u00ed sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm fosili\u00ed, kamen\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodnin. Jedn\u00edm z jeho obl\u00edben\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f byl i kousek jantaru, kter\u00fd dostal od jedn\u00e9 ze sester \u2013 drobn\u00fd detail, kter\u00fd dob\u0159e ilustruje jeho ran\u00fd vztah k p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmu sv\u011btu.<\/p>\n
Do televize vstoupil na po\u010d\u00e1tku 50. let sp\u00ed\u0161e n\u00e1hodou. BBC tehdy teprve hledala svou podobu a Attenborough s\u00e1m pozd\u011bji p\u0159izn\u00e1val, \u017ee do t\u00e9 doby vid\u011bl sotva jeden televizn\u00ed po\u0159ad. Ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody nav\u00edc nebyla t\u00e9matem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, sp\u00ed\u0161e okrajovou z\u00e1libou.<\/p>\n
Po studi\u00edch zoologie a geologie na Cambridge cht\u011bl pracovat v rozhlase. Neusp\u011bl, jeho \u017eivotopis ale zaujal BBC, kter\u00e1 mu nab\u00eddla m\u00edsto. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee \u0161lo o \u0161\u0165astnou n\u00e1hodu: Attenborough b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry z\u00edskal \u0159adu ocen\u011bn\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b cen BAFTA a Emmy a jeho pr\u00e1ce z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivnila podobu p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9 dokumentaristiky.<\/p>\n
Mana\u017eerem b\u00fdt nikdy necht\u011bl<\/p>\n
V polovin\u011b 60. let se stal kontrolorem stanice BBC Two. Pod jeho veden\u00edm za\u010dal kan\u00e1l v roce 1967 vys\u00edlat barevn\u011b jako prvn\u00ed ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Pod\u00edlel se tak\u00e9 na uveden\u00ed dnes u\u017e legend\u00e1rn\u00edho po\u0159adu Monty Python\u2019s Flying Circus. N\u00e1sledovala pozice programov\u00e9ho \u0159editele BBC a dokonce v\u00fdzvy, aby kandidoval na post gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele. Attenborough je v\u0161ak odm\u00edtl \u2013 a nakonec se vzdal i vrcholn\u00e9 mana\u017eersk\u00e9 role, proto\u017ee mu neumo\u017e\u0148ovala v\u011bnovat se tomu, co pova\u017eoval za podstatn\u00e9: nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Jeho prvn\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fd projekt, seri\u00e1l Zoo Quest (1954\u20131963), dnes m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fsobit rozporupln\u011b. V ka\u017ed\u00e9 s\u00e9rii cestoval se zam\u011bstnanci lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 zoo do tropick\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a pod\u00edlel se na z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at pro jej\u00ed sb\u00edrky. V tehdej\u0161\u00edm kontextu \u0161lo o b\u011b\u017enou praxi, kterou v\u0161ak Attenborough pozd\u011bji reflektoval s odstupem \u2013 jako zku\u0161enost, je\u017e p\u0159isp\u011bla k prom\u011bn\u011b jeho pohledu na p\u0159\u00edrodu.<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed obrat p\u0159i\u0161el v 70. letech se seri\u00e1lem \u017divot na Zemi (1979). T\u0159in\u00e1ctid\u00edln\u00e1 s\u00e9rie, nat\u00e1\u010den\u00e1 t\u0159i roky na des\u00edtk\u00e1ch m\u00edst po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, nastavila nov\u00e9 standardy p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00fdch dokument\u016f. Kombinace vizu\u00e1ln\u00edho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a srozumiteln\u00e9ho, klidn\u00e9ho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje dokumentaristy dodnes. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy vznikly i dnes \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00ednan\u00e9 z\u00e1b\u011bry jeho setk\u00e1n\u00ed s goril\u00edm samcem Pablem, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bly k prom\u011bn\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at. <\/p>\n
\u201eZd\u00e1 se mi velmi nespravedliv\u00e9, \u017ee si \u010dlov\u011bk vybral gorilu jako symbol v\u0161eho n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho a d\u011bsiv\u00e9ho, kdy\u017e je to ve skute\u010dnosti tak m\u00edrumilovn\u00fd a laskav\u00fd tvor,\u201c poznamenal tehdy Attenborough. O setk\u00e1n\u00ed s Pablem, Pablovi samotn\u00e9m i jeho p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch potomc\u00edch uvedla letos v dubnu platforma Netflix nov\u00fd film s n\u00e1zvem David Attenborough: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh gorily. Sn\u00edmek re\u017e\u00edroval oscarov\u00fd re\u017eis\u00e9r James Reed, role v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho producenta se ujal Leonardo Di Caprio. <\/p>\n
Na \u017divot na Zemi nav\u00e1zala \u017div\u00e1 planeta (1984), v n\u00ed\u017e se je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bji objevuj\u00ed ekologick\u00e1 t\u00e9mata a ot\u00e1zka vztahu \u010dlov\u011bka k p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. O rok pozd\u011bji byl Attenborough za sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00ednos televizi a popularizaci p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch v\u011bd pov\u00fd\u0161en do \u0161lechtick\u00e9ho stavu.<\/p>\n
Sv\u011bt se zm\u011bnil<\/p>\n
S\u00e1m Attenborough \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, jak odli\u0161n\u00fd byl sv\u011bt v dob\u011b jeho ml\u00e1d\u00ed. Kdy\u017e mu bylo dvacet, vn\u00edmal velkou \u010d\u00e1st planety jako nedot\u010denou divo\u010dinu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b prom\u011bnu tohoto sv\u011bta se sna\u017eil zachytit ve sv\u00fdch dokumentech. V\u00fdrazn\u011b to zazn\u00edv\u00e1 i ve filmu David Attenborough: \u017divot na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b (2020), kde otev\u0159en\u011b mluv\u00ed o \u00fabytku p\u0159\u00edrody, jeho\u017e byl b\u011bhem \u017eivota sv\u011bdkem. \u201ePro\u017eil jsem v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd \u017eivot. Jak moc byl v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd, si uv\u011bdomuji pr\u00e1v\u011b nyn\u00ed. Na\u0161i planetu zas\u00e1hla katastrofa,\u201c zazn\u00edv\u00e1 ve filmu.<\/p>\n
Dlouholet\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed ho p\u0159ivedly k d\u016frazu na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody, podporu udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a zm\u011bny ve zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm lid\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed planet\u00e1rn\u00ed zdroje, v\u010detn\u011b stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f. Jeho postoje vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z kombinace osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti a v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho je po n\u011bm pojmenov\u00e1na \u0159ada rostlinn\u00fdch a \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n
Po \u017div\u00e9 planet\u011b n\u00e1sledovaly dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 projekty, nap\u0159\u00edklad Z\u00e1zraky \u017eivota (1990), Soukrom\u00fd \u017eivot rostlin (1995), Pta\u010d\u00ed sv\u011bt (1998), Modr\u00e1 planeta (2001) nebo \u017divot savc\u016f (2002). Jeho pr\u00e1ce ovlivnila cel\u00e9 generace div\u00e1k\u016f a inspirovala \u0159adu lid\u00ed k z\u00e1jmu o p\u0159\u00edrodu, v\u011bdu i jej\u00ed ochranu.<\/p>\n
Jedn\u00edm z nich je i \u010desk\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159 Daniel Stach, kter\u00fd Attenborougha dlouhodob\u011b ozna\u010duje za svou profesn\u00ed inspiraci. Pokus o rozhovor zat\u00edm nevy\u0161el, jak ale s\u00e1m poznamenal: \u201eT\u0159eba to je\u0161t\u011b vyjde v budoucnu.\u201c<\/p>\n
VIDEO: Z planety se st\u00e1v\u00e1 m\u00edsto, kde se ned\u00e1 \u017e\u00edt. Attenborough to m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Storch<\/p>\n
Zdroj: wgbh.org<\/a>, metro.co.uk<\/a>, jewishnews.co.uk<\/a>, netflix.com<\/a>, peta.org<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"David Frederick Attenborough se narodil v roce 1926 na lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Isleworth, jen necel\u00e9 t\u0159i t\u00fddny po budouc\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78011,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[10],"tags":[17,21,7610,1842,16,18,19,22,20],"class_list":["post-78010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zpravy","tag-headlines","tag-hlavni-udalosti","tag-jubileum","tag-netflix","tag-news","tag-top-news","tag-top-stories","tag-udalosti-dne","tag-zpravy"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116531272439890861","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78010"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78010\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}