{"id":78107,"date":"2026-05-07T05:58:08","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T05:58:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/78107\/"},"modified":"2026-05-07T05:58:08","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T05:58:08","slug":"kvuli-par-korunam-cesky-rodit-nezacnou-dite-stoji-miliony-rika-ekonom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/78107\/","title":{"rendered":"Kv\u016fli p\u00e1r korun\u00e1m \u010ce\u0161ky rodit neza\u010dnou, d\u00edt\u011b stoj\u00ed miliony, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ekonom"},"content":{"rendered":"

V \u010cesku se rod\u00ed st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f na st\u00e1le v\u00edce senior\u016f. Jen finan\u010dn\u00ed pob\u00eddky ale p\u00e1ry k\u00a0rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed nep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed. D\u00e1nov\u00e9 zkusili erotickou kampa\u0148, Brazilci rozjeli loterii o\u00a0hypot\u00e9ky. Co by pomohlo u\u00a0n\u00e1s? <\/p>\n

\u201eN\u011bco se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech zm\u011bnilo. Je to rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ve zbytku rozvinut\u00e9ho sv\u011bta,\u201c komentuje ekonom Dominik Stroukal se\u0161up porodnosti v\u00a0\u010cesku. K\u0159ivka nov\u011b narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed jde dol\u016f setrvale, ale posledn\u00ed roky na n\u00ed nav\u00edc zeje jeden nep\u011bkn\u00fd zub. B\u011bhem lo\u0148ska p\u0159i\u0161lo v\u00a0tuzemsku na sv\u011bt necel\u00fdch 78\u00a0tis\u00edc d\u011bt\u00ed, je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety se jich tu rodilo pravideln\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 100\u00a0tis\u00edc ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0pracuj\u00edc\u00edch ub\u00fdv\u00e1, senior\u016f p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. \u201eDemografov\u00e9 vtipkuj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017e to nen\u00ed demografick\u00e1 pyramida, ale demografick\u00e1 urna. Vypad\u00e1 to sp\u00ed\u0161 tro\u0161ku jako kebab, dole nen\u00ed moc d\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0nahoru se to roz\u0161i\u0159uje, proto\u017ee se do\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me del\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku,\u201c p\u0159irovn\u00e1v\u00e1 Dominik Stroukal z\u00a0Metropolitn\u00ed univerzity Praha v\u00a0podcastu Ve vat\u011b.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je na tom s\u00a0nov\u011b narozen\u00fdmi \u010cesko h\u016f\u0159 ne\u017e jin\u00e9 zem\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b? Velkou \u010d\u00e1st sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho poklesu jsme schopni vysv\u011btlit t\u00edm, \u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u011b rod\u00ed slab\u00e1 generace \u017een narozen\u00fdch v\u00a090.\u00a0letech.<\/p>\n

Vedle toho ale existuje i\u00a0skute\u010dn\u00fd pokles z\u00e1jmu o\u00a0d\u011bti. Pandemie, v\u00e1lka nebo ekonomick\u00e9 obavy \u010di nedostupnost bydlen\u00ed vedou k\u00a0odkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed. Pr\u016fzkumy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9 sice po\u0159\u00e1d cht\u011bj\u00ed typicky dva potomky, v\u00a0re\u00e1lu jich ale nakonec maj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b nebo je nemaj\u00ed v\u016fbec. <\/p>\n

To je vid\u011bt v\u00a0celosv\u011btov\u00fdch popula\u010dn\u00edch projekc\u00edch z\u00a0d\u00edlny OSN. Po\u010det mlad\u00fdch do 25\u00a0let, do 15\u00a0let, ale i\u00a0d\u011bt\u00ed do 5\u00a0let bude u\u017e jen klesat. <\/p>\n

P\u00e1r tis\u00edcovek to nevytrhne <\/p>\n

Jako ekonoma Dominika Stroukala zaj\u00edm\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na to, jak\u00fdmi ekonomick\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji tento trend zvr\u00e1tit. A\u00a0konstatuje, \u017ee tady tradi\u010dn\u00ed politika, tedy d\u00e1vky a\u00a0da\u0148ov\u00e9 \u00falevy, nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na sv\u00e9 limity. Pen\u00edze sice mohou urychlit rozhodnut\u00ed m\u00edt d\u00edt\u011b, ale obvykle nezv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed jejich celkov\u00fd po\u010det.<\/p>\n

Jak v\u00edme ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159esn\u011b k\u00a0tomu vede t\u0159eba zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed porodn\u00e9ho. V\u00a0\u010cesku jde podpora rodin hlavn\u011b p\u0159es dan\u011b. Pat\u0159\u00edme ke st\u00e1t\u016fm s\u00a0v\u016fbec nej\u0161t\u011bd\u0159ej\u0161\u00edm syst\u00e9mem da\u0148ov\u00e9 podpory rodin s\u00a0mal\u00fdmi d\u011btmi. Na porodnost to m\u00e1 ale podle ekonoma pramal\u00fd vliv. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201ePen\u011bzi to nejsme schopni zalepit. Budu dost\u00e1vat o\u00a0p\u00e1r set korun nebo p\u00e1r tis\u00edc korun ro\u010dn\u011b v\u00edc a\u00a0d\u00edky tomu si po\u0159\u00edd\u00edm t\u0159et\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b? Tak to prost\u011b nefunguje. Matematicky to nevych\u00e1z\u00ed. D\u011bti jsou drah\u00e9, bav\u00edme se o\u00a0milionech.\u201c<\/p>\n

Trestat lidi dan\u011bmi za to, \u017ee nemaj\u00ed d\u011bti, a \u201enevyrob\u00ed\u201c tak st\u00e1tu dal\u0161\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky, si Stroukal neum\u00ed p\u0159edstavit. \u201eKdy\u017e m\u00e1me d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 nechceme, vede to k\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kriminalit\u011b, uk\u00e1zaly v\u00fdzkumy. Poj\u010fme m\u00edt d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 chceme, \u0159e\u0161it to pokutami by vytvo\u0159ilo zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ekonom Ve vat\u011b.<\/p>\n

Loterie na byt a\u00a0d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ibylo<\/p>\n

Co funguje, jsou naopak opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euj\u00ed nejistotu a\u00a0umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sladit pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0rodi\u010dovstv\u00edm. Dostupn\u00e9 jesle, \u0161kolky, flexibiln\u00ed \u00favazky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kombinace t\u011bchto krok\u016f pomohla nap\u0159\u00edklad Francii dr\u017eet porodnost v\u00fd\u0161e, ne\u017e ji m\u00e1 zbytek Evropy.<\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1zraky ale ani od t\u00e9to politiky ne\u010dekejme. \u201eRozrodit n\u00e1s tak, abychom se vr\u00e1tili zp\u00e1tky na reprodukci, jakou jsme m\u011bli naposledy v\u00a0roce 1980, to se touto politikou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nestane. Ale t\u00edm to nechci shazovat, n\u011bco bychom d\u011blat mohli,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Stroukal.<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm motiv\u00e1torem k\u00a0zalo\u017een\u00ed rodiny je podle n\u011bj dostupn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed a\u00a0argumentuje zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm experimentem z\u00a0Braz\u00edlie. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie zalo\u017een\u00e1 na brazilsk\u00fdch bytov\u00fdch \u00fav\u011brov\u00fdch loteri\u00edch ukazuje, jak velk\u00fd dopad na porodnost bydlen\u00ed m\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V Braz\u00edlii funguje syst\u00e9m, ve\u00a0kter\u00e9m lid\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc pos\u00edlaj\u00ed pravideln\u011b spl\u00e1tku do spole\u010dn\u00e9ho fondu, ze\u00a0kter\u00e9ho se pak postupn\u011b financuj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 hypot\u00e9ky. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc se losuje, kdo z\u00a0\u010dlen\u016f dostane p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0\u00fav\u011bru d\u0159\u00edv a\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee si po\u0159\u00eddit nap\u0159\u00edklad byt hned, i\u00a0kdy\u017e ostatn\u00ed budou je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l spo\u0159it.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edsla uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee Brazilci, kte\u0159\u00ed hypot\u00e9ku vyhr\u00e1li, m\u011bli v\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e ti, kter\u00e9 nevylosovali. U\u00a0lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku 20\u00a0a\u017e 25\u00a0let zv\u00fd\u0161ilo n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fav\u011bru na bydlen\u00ed po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed o\u00a033\u00a0% oproti pr\u016fm\u011bru. Naopak ti, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dekali na bydlen\u00ed o\u00a010\u00a0let d\u00e9le, m\u011bli b\u011bhem \u017eivota zhruba o\u00a0polovinu m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e jejich vrstevn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed bydlen\u00ed z\u00edskali hned.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bnu by p\u0159inesla v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dostupnost p\u00e9\u010de pro d\u011bti. Jesle a\u00a0mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly jsou hlavn\u011b ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstech st\u00e1le nedostupn\u00e9. Podle Stroukala je logick\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zapojen\u00ed mu\u017e\u016f do p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0mal\u00e9 d\u011bti. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee ale maj\u00ed obvykle v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy ne\u017e jejich prot\u011bj\u0161ky, rodiny vol\u00ed ekonomicky.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1nsko vsadilo p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety na provokativn\u00ed kampa\u0148 \u201eUd\u011blejte to pro D\u00e1nsko\u201c.\u00a0\u201eByly to videoklipy a\u00a0televizn\u00ed reklamy \u201eRozplo\u010fme D\u00e1nsko\u201c, byly hodn\u011b sexu\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9. Je to vtipn\u00e9, utratili za to stra\u0161n\u011b moc pen\u011bz, ale nepoda\u0159ilo se jim to.\u201c<\/p>\n

Historicky nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed porodnost tr\u00e1p\u00ed i\u00a0premi\u00e9ra Andreje Babi\u0161e (ANO). Chyst\u00e1 pl\u00e1n, jak mlad\u00fdm zalo\u017een\u00ed rodiny usnadnit, a\u00a0v kv\u011btnu uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 na toto t\u00e9ma konferenci. <\/p>\n

Jak bude vypadat \u010cesko pro star\u00e9?<\/p>\n

St\u00e1rnut\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a\u00a0\u00fabytek d\u011bt\u00ed se za\u010dne projevovat relativn\u011b brzo a\u00a0nejv\u00edce na penzijn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu. Te\u010f na t\u0159i pracuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ipad\u00e1 jeden penzista, to se ale m\u016f\u017ee rychle zm\u011bnit. \u201eOb\u010das se vtipkuje, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd d\u016fchodce bude m\u00edt toho jednoho \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd ho bude muset \u017eivit,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Dominik Stroukal.<\/p>\n

\u201eMatematicky by to \u0161lo. Ale vyvolalo by to ohromn\u00e9 pnut\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee to jin\u00fdmi slovy znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bu\u010f by musely b\u00fdt relativn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed d\u016fchody, nebo by musely b\u00fdt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odvody, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b, nebo budeme muset pracovat d\u00e9le,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Tlak na pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu ale nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat ekonomick\u00fd kolaps. \u201eTo, \u017ee se populace zmen\u0161uje, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0nutnosti automatizovat a\u00a0k pokroku v\u00a0oblasti robotizace, um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence.\u201c Jin\u00fdmi slovy, m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee znamenat v\u00edce stroj\u016f a\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed produktivitu na jednoho pracovn\u00edka. To u\u017e dnes \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vid\u00edme v\u00a0Japonsku – ekonomice, kter\u00e1 dlouhodob\u011b neroste v\u00a0po\u010dtu obyvatel, ale zvy\u0161uje produktivitu pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance budou pod velk\u00fdm tlakem, opakuje ekonom. D\u016fsledky se neprojev\u00ed jen v\u00a0rozpo\u010dtech st\u00e1t\u016f, ale i\u00a0ve struktu\u0159e ekonomiky. Poroste v\u00fdznam zdravotnictv\u00ed, p\u00e9\u010de a\u00a0slu\u017eeb pro seniory, zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 obory spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0mlad\u0161\u00ed populac\u00ed – nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161kolstv\u00ed nebo stavebnictv\u00ed – mohou ztr\u00e1cet v\u00fdznam. Ekonomika se tak bude postupn\u011b p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1vat sm\u011brem ke \u201est\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 ekonomice\u201c, tedy k\u00a0slu\u017eb\u00e1m pro star\u0161\u00ed generace. Sv\u011bt st\u00e1rne a\u00a0je t\u0159eba se tomu p\u0159izp\u016fsobit, konstatuje ekonom. <\/p>\n

Ve vat\u011b<\/p>\n

Podcast novin\u00e1\u0159ky Mark\u00e9ty Bidrmanov\u00e9 a\u00a0jej\u00edch host\u016f. Poslechn\u011bte si rady zn\u00e1m\u00fdch investor\u016f a\u00a0odborn\u00edk\u016f na t\u00e9ma investic, inflace, \u00fav\u011br\u016f a\u00a0hypot\u00e9k. Finan\u010dn\u00ed \u201ek\u00e1p\u00e9zetka\u201c pro v\u0161echny, kter\u00fdm nejsou pen\u00edze ukraden\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u010cty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u00fd v\u00edt\u011bz ankety Podcast roku v\u00a0kategorii Byznys a\u00a0osobn\u00ed finance. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V \u010cesku se rod\u00ed st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f na st\u00e1le v\u00edce senior\u016f. Jen finan\u010dn\u00ed…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78108,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,1520,578,4334,2255,15028,10188,12555],"class_list":{"0":"post-78107","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-ceska-republika","9":"tag-cesko","10":"tag-czech-republic","11":"tag-czechia","12":"tag-dane","13":"tag-demografie","14":"tag-porodnost","15":"tag-rodice","16":"tag-rodicovska-dovolena","17":"tag-rodicovsky-prispevek","18":"tag-ve-vate"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116531763800513361","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78107"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78107\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}