{"id":78492,"date":"2026-05-07T13:18:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T13:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/78492\/"},"modified":"2026-05-07T13:18:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T13:18:12","slug":"vedci-zkoumali-tricet-let-vodu-v-ceskych-nadrzich-otepluje-se-o-pul-stupne-za-dekadu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/78492\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci zkoumali t\u0159icet let vodu v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch. Otepluje se o\u00a0p\u016fl stupn\u011b za dek\u00e1du"},"content":{"rendered":"

Studie je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00a0tom, \u017ee shrnuje data z\u00a0rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho souboru 31\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed velikost\u00ed, nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou i\u00a0\u00fa\u010delem vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Celkov\u011b v\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee povrchov\u00e1 voda v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch reaguje na klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n

\u201eZm\u011bna teplotn\u00edho re\u017eimu n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edkov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek u\u00a0dna, uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed fosforu z\u00a0usazenin a\u00a0k \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu a\u00a0intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdskytu vodn\u00edch kv\u011bt\u016f sinic. To m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 dopady na kvalitu vody, biodiverzitu i\u00a0hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodn\u00edmi n\u00e1dr\u017eemi,\u201c konstatoval vedouc\u00ed autor studie Petr Znachor.<\/p>\n

Foto: BC AV \u010cR<\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj teploty vody a\u00a0vzduchu<\/p>\n

V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi p\u0159ehradami<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky pr\u016fzkumu uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 vody, v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru o\u00a00,59\u00a0\u00b0C za dek\u00e1du. Letn\u00ed teploty vody vzrostly mezi lety 1991\u00a0a\u00a02021\u00a0o\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e dva stupn\u011b Celsia.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi n\u00e1dr\u017eemi ale existuj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly. Nap\u0159\u00edklad teplota vody v\u00a0Brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 p\u0159ehrad\u011b se v\u00a0d\u016fsledku protisinicov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed (nucen\u00e9 m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edho sloupce) t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezm\u011bnila, zat\u00edmco v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ei Les Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed na \u0159ece Labi teplota roste rychlost\u00ed 1,25\u00a0\u00b0C za dek\u00e1du. Pravd\u011bpodobnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je postupn\u00e9 zan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, a\u00a0tedy sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed objemu vody. V\u00a0m\u011blk\u00fdch parti\u00edch se pak voda sn\u00e1ze proh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teploty vody byly zaznamen\u00e1ny v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017ee polo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch. \u201eTeplota vody byla \u00fazce prov\u00e1z\u00e1na s\u00a0teplotou vzduchu, ob\u011b veli\u010diny se m\u011bnily t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 paraleln\u011b, co\u017e dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 siln\u00fd vliv klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn,\u201c uvedla mluv\u010d\u00ed Biologick\u00e9ho centra Akademie v\u011bd Daniela Proch\u00e1zkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Foto: BC AV \u010cR<\/p>\n

Sinice na lipensk\u00e9 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ei<\/p>\n

Nejrychleji se voda otepluje v\u00a0dubnu\u00a0\u2013 v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru o\u00a0jeden stupe\u0148 za dek\u00e1du. V\u00a0kv\u011btnu se naopak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd v\u00fdznamn\u00fd trend neprojevil. \u201eTo m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt z\u00e1sadn\u00ed dopad nap\u0159\u00edklad na rozvoj fytoplanktonu a\u00a0potravn\u00ed vztahy ve vodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech,\u201c podotkl Znachor.<\/p>\n

Tento jarn\u00ed paradox m\u016f\u017ee souviset s\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem po\u010das\u00ed v\u00a0obou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad s\u00a0dlouhodob\u00fdm n\u00e1r\u016fstem obla\u010dnosti v\u00a0kv\u011btnu, zaznamenan\u00fdm na n\u011bkter\u00fdch meteorologick\u00fdch stanic\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Studie rovn\u011b\u017e zavedla nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob pro v\u00fdpo\u010det takzvan\u00e9 denn\u00ed teplotn\u00ed variability, tedy rozd\u00edlu teploty vody mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi dny. Tato hodnota v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru nar\u016fst\u00e1 asi o\u00a010\u00a0procent za dek\u00e1du. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed denn\u00ed kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed vykazuj\u00ed m\u011blk\u00e9 a\u00a0pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee, zat\u00edmco u\u00a0hlubok\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed tlum\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy velk\u00fd objem vody.<\/p>\n

Rostouc\u00ed kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed teploty m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 dopady, proto\u017ee ovliv\u0148uje jak metabolismus, r\u016fst a\u00a0chov\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edch organism\u016f, tak i\u00a0procesy, jako je m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edho sloupce, kolob\u011bh \u017eivin nebo vznik sinicov\u00fdch kv\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na dopady oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed vody<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed navazuj\u00edc\u00ed studii, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na to, jak se m\u011bn\u00ed na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed sezonn\u00edch proces\u016f a\u00a0jak\u00e9 to m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt dopady na fungov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nejde tedy jen o\u00a0to, \u017ee se voda otepluje, co\u017e podporuje vznik vodn\u00edch kv\u011bt\u016f sinic, ale tak\u00e9 o\u00a0to, kdy b\u011bhem roku se to d\u011bje a\u00a0jak dlouho tyto podm\u00ednky trvaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ve spojen\u00ed s\u00a0hodnocen\u00edm \u010detnosti a\u00a0intenzity teplotn\u00edch extr\u00e9m\u016f mohou tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e9st praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i predikci v\u00fdskytu \u0161kodliv\u00fdch sinicov\u00fdch kv\u011bt\u016f nebo p\u0159i optimalizaci odb\u011br\u016f vody pro vod\u00e1rensk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n

Rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd v\u00fdzkum o\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji povrchov\u00e9 teploty vody, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fd v\u00a0presti\u017en\u00edm \u010dasopise Environmental Science & Ecotechnology<\/a>, vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0denn\u00edho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed 31\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed po cel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u00a0letech 1991\u20132021\u00a0a\u00a0p\u0159edstavuje dosud nejucelen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohled na v\u00fdvoj teploty vody v\u00a0\u010cesku.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci z\u00a0Biologick\u00e9ho centra Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR spolupracuj\u00ed na tomto projektu s\u00a0podniky Povod\u00ed Labe, Moravy a\u00a0Vltavy.<\/p>\n

\u201eDlouhodob\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro porozum\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016fm klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Bez spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdmi podniky povod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e1 a\u00a0pravideln\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, bychom tyto zm\u011bny nemohli analyzovat,\u201c doplnil Znachor.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Studie je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed v\u00a0tom, \u017ee shrnuje data z\u00a0rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho souboru 31\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se li\u0161\u00ed velikost\u00ed, nadmo\u0159skou v\u00fd\u0161kou i\u00a0\u00fa\u010delem vyu\u017eit\u00ed.…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78493,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[7783,43,42,41,40,1507,1240,6068,4095],"class_list":{"0":"post-78492","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cesko","8":"tag-biologicke-centrum-av-cr","9":"tag-ceska-republika","10":"tag-cesko","11":"tag-czech-republic","12":"tag-czechia","13":"tag-klimaticke-zmeny","14":"tag-prehrada","15":"tag-vedci","16":"tag-vyzkum"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116533494248831675","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78492"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78492\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}