{"id":79596,"date":"2026-05-08T16:08:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T16:08:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/79596\/"},"modified":"2026-05-08T16:08:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T16:08:12","slug":"pan-nikdo-proti-putinovi-je-mozne-manipulovat-ve-jmenu-pravdy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/79596\/","title":{"rendered":"Pan Nikdo proti Putinovi: Je mo\u017en\u00e9 manipulovat ve jm\u00e9nu pravdy?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010cesk\u00e1 televize v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd odvys\u00edlala dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed film Pan Nikdo proti Putinovi americk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9ra Davida Borensteina a\u00a0jeho spolure\u017eis\u00e9ra, a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 protagonisty filmu Pavla Talankina\u00a0\u2013 sn\u00edmek, kter\u00fd se stal doslova glob\u00e1ln\u00edm fenom\u00e9nem. A\u00a0to nejen proto, \u017ee z\u00edskal cenu Britsk\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 akademie, \u201ebritsk\u00e9ho Oscara\u201c, a\u00a0vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed i\u00a0toho prav\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho, ale tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee se o\u00a0n\u011bm po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b bou\u0159liv\u011b diskutuje. Pom\u011br mezi obdivovateli filmu a\u00a0jeho \u010dasto nesmi\u0159iteln\u00fdmi kritiky se p\u0159itom zem\u011b od zem\u011b li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Div\u00e1ci na Z\u00e1pad\u011b oce\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee film odhalil, jak\u00fdmi metodami a\u00a0do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry Putin\u016fv re\u017eim indoktrinuje rusk\u00e9 u\u010ditele a\u00a0jejich \u017e\u00e1ky a\u00a0d\u011bl\u00e1 z\u00a0nich n\u00e1stroj sv\u00fdch imperialistick\u00fdch ambic\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Nic ve filmu p\u0159itom nenazna\u010duje, \u017ee by v\u00a0jin\u00e9 \u0161kole kdekoliv v\u00a0Rusku mohla b\u00fdt situace m\u00e9n\u011b neut\u011b\u0161en\u00e1 ne\u017e v\u00a0uralsk\u00e9m m\u011bste\u010dku Karaba\u0161, kde se p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh tajn\u00e9 vzpoury dobr\u00e1ck\u00e9ho videodokument\u00e1tora Pa\u0161i Talankina proti Putinovu re\u017eimu odehr\u00e1v\u00e1. I\u00a0takov\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br si v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00e1padn\u00edho publika z\u00a0filmu ud\u011bl\u00e1. <\/p>\n

O\u00a0tom, \u017ee tomu tak b\u00fdt nemus\u00ed, \u017ee mnoz\u00ed ru\u0161t\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 kladou zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm pasivn\u00ed nebo i\u00a0aktivn\u00ed odpor, jsem psal v\u00a0jednom ze sv\u00fdch ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f, a\u00a0k\u00a0t\u00e9matu u\u017e se tedy nebudu vracet.<\/p>\n

Koment\u00e1\u0159 o\u00a0u\u010ditel\u00edch v\u00a0Rusku si p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte zde:<\/a><\/p>\n

Film naopak popudil mnoh\u00e9 ukrajinsk\u00e9 div\u00e1ky. Ti jej vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jinak ne\u017e jejich z\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed soused\u00e9: vid\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm do sebe zahled\u011bn\u00e9ho bolest\u00ednsk\u00e9ho hrdinu, kter\u00fd se (nehled\u011b na vy\u00fast\u011bn\u00ed filmu) l\u00e9ta pod\u00edlel na vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed militaristick\u00e9 propagandy, rozpl\u00fdv\u00e1 se nad skryt\u00fdmi kr\u00e1sami sv\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 hroudy, dojat\u011b vyprov\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed odch\u00e1zej\u00ed na frontu bojovat proti Ukrajinc\u016fm, a\u00a0truchl\u00ed nad t\u00edm, \u017ee mus\u00ed Rusko opustit.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9, kter\u00fdm dennodenn\u011b padaj\u00ed na hlavu rusk\u00e9 bomby, maj\u00ed nezpochybniteln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo na vlastn\u00ed, vyhran\u011bnou optiku. Na obranu filmu je ale t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee postava Talankina je p\u0159ece jen vrstevnat\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: jeho sentiment k\u00a0\u0161ed\u00fdm sov\u011btsk\u00fdm panel\u00e1k\u016fm a\u00a0v\u00a0tajze utopen\u00e9 industri\u00e1ln\u00ed krajin\u011b jako ztracen\u00e9mu domovu se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt autentick\u00fd, a\u00a0i on na n\u011bj pr\u00e1vo m\u00e1. A\u00a0zjevn\u00e1 je i\u00a0tragi\u010dnost situac\u00ed, kdy se \u017e\u00e1ci, se kter\u00fdmi pro\u017eil kus \u017eivota, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do vleku ud\u00e1lost\u00ed a\u00a0\u010dasto i\u00a0proti sv\u00e9 v\u016fli odch\u00e1zej\u00ed na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jistou smrt.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0hlediska fakty podlo\u017een\u00e9 kritiky je v\u0161ak nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed diskuze, kter\u00e1 se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 na rusk\u00e9m internetu. P\u0159esn\u011bji t\u00e9 jeho \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje spole\u010dnou diskuzn\u00ed platformu svobodn\u011b sm\u00fd\u0161lej\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti rusk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti a\u00a0rusk\u00e9ho exilu. \u0158ady p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f a\u00a0odp\u016frc\u016f filmu jsou tu v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b vyrovnan\u00e9 a\u00a0zeje mezi nimi hlubok\u00e1 n\u00e1zorov\u00e1 propast.<\/p>\n

Abychom l\u00e9pe pochopili argumentaci obou stran, je t\u0159eba zamyslet se nad t\u00edm, co vlastn\u011b stoj\u00ed za neb\u00fdval\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bchem filmu. Zd\u00e1 se toti\u017e, \u017ee samotn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma ideologizace a\u00a0militarizace rusk\u00fdch \u0161kol to nen\u00ed. O\u00a0tom se toti\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u00ed\u0161e a\u00a0nat\u00e1\u010d\u00ed u\u017e l\u00e9ta, v\u00a0podstat\u011b od okam\u017eiku, kdy byla v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0spu\u0161t\u011bna \u201esuverenizace\u201c rusk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu\u00a0\u2013 tedy zaveden\u00ed shora diktovan\u00fdch \u0161koln\u00edch program\u016f zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na pos\u00edlen\u00ed vlastenectv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na internetu se daj\u00ed naj\u00edt des\u00edtky z\u00e1znam\u016f \u0161koln\u00edch \u201erozhovor\u016f na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 t\u00e9mata\u201c, kter\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm motivem filmu \u201ePan Nikdo\u2026\u201c. A\u00a0rann\u00ed n\u00e1stupy s\u00a0hymnou a\u00a0vzty\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00ed vlajky i\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed besedy s\u00a0\u201ehrdiny speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 operace\u201c \u010di z\u00e1b\u011bry \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f rozeb\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edch samopaly a\u00a0ma\u0161\u00edruj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0pilotk\u00e1ch za doprovodu vlasteneck\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed jsou obl\u00edben\u00fdm tah\u00e1kem \u0159ady exilov\u00fdch port\u00e1l\u016f a\u00a0YouTube kan\u00e1l\u016f. Jen pro p\u0159\u00edklad: dv\u011b report\u00e1\u017ee popul\u00e1rn\u00edho blogera Ilji Varlamova na toto t\u00e9ma z\u00a0roku 2023\u00a0zhl\u00e9dlo 2,5\u00a0milionu lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

O\u00a0ideologizaci rusk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed byly ale nato\u010deny i\u00a0zda\u0159il\u00e9 filmy. Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed dokument o\u00a0militarizaci \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f What it\u2019s like inside Vladimir Putin\u2019s Russian Youth Army (2025, stejn\u011b jako \u201ePan Nikdo\u2026\u201c v\u00a0produkci BBC) nebo francouzsk\u00fd dokument Russie: un peuple qui marche au pas (Rusko: n\u00e1rod, kter\u00fd ma\u0161\u00edruje) Veroniky Dormanov\u00e9 a\u00a0Kseniji Bol\u0161akovov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0vypravily nat\u00e1\u010det do rusk\u00fdch \u0161kol.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed koment\u00e1\u0159 na toto t\u00e9ma najdete zde:<\/a><\/p>\n

Zd\u00e1 se tedy, \u017ee podstatn\u00e9 pro \u00fasp\u011bch filmu nebylo samotn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, ale zp\u016fsob jeho pod\u00e1n\u00ed. To v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b filmu \u201ePan Nikdo\u2026\u201c tak\u0159ka dokonale odpov\u00edd\u00e1 hollywoodsk\u00fdm standard\u016fm. Hlavn\u00ed hrdina Pa\u0161a Talankin m\u00e1 ide\u00e1ln\u011b vyklenut\u00fd charakterov\u00fd oblouk: zpo\u010d\u00e1tku sp\u00ed\u0161e poddajn\u00fd a\u00a0zastydle d\u011btinsk\u00fd \u0161koln\u00ed videodokument\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd se nerad, ale p\u0159ece pod\u00edl\u00ed na zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed propagandy ve sv\u00e9 \u0161kole i\u00a0ve m\u011bst\u011b, kde \u017eije, postupn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1 slabost a\u00a0strach a\u00a0za\u010dne nat\u00e1\u010det materi\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed Z\u00e1padu otev\u0159\u00edt o\u010di na praktiky Putinova re\u017eimu. Jeho s\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed protiv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed vy\u00fast\u00ed v \u201ediverzn\u00ed akce\u201c, kter\u00e9 jej v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch div\u00e1ka prom\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed ve skute\u010dn\u00e9ho hrdinu. Na konci filmu m\u00e1me \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho Pa\u0161u Talankina, kter\u00fd p\u0159ekonal v\u0161echny n\u00e1strahy a\u00a0nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0jeho\u017e tajn\u00fd odjezd s\u00a0nato\u010den\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly je bezm\u00e1la triumfem ak\u010dn\u00edho hrdiny.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0podstat\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0klasick\u00fd storytelling typick\u00fd pro hollywoodsk\u00e9 \u010di podobn\u011b mainstreamov\u00e9 produkce. Po zru\u010dn\u011b vystav\u011bn\u00e9 expozici (Talankin\u016fv \u017eivot ve zkratce a\u00a0jeho ka\u017edodennost poznamenan\u00e1 v\u00e1lkou na Ukrajin\u011b) sp\u011bje film k\u00a0dob\u0159e na\u010dasovan\u00e9mu a\u00a0dramatick\u00e9mu d\u011bjov\u00e9mu obratu (v\u00fdzva zahrani\u010dn\u00edch producent\u016f k\u00a0tajn\u00e9mu nato\u010den\u00ed filmu a\u00a0jej\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed coby osudov\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho zvratu). Objevuje se tak\u00e9 nezbytn\u00fd antagonista v\u00a0postav\u011b fanatick\u00e9ho u\u010ditele d\u011bjepisu, zosob\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edho zlo, se kter\u00fdm Talankin bojuje, a\u00a0nad kter\u00fdm nakonec zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Nezbytnou d\u00e1vku \u201esuspense\u201c do filmu vn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed Talankinovy \u201ediverzn\u00ed akce\u201c, zv\u00fdraz\u0148ovan\u00e9 dramatickou hudbou. A\u00a0d\u011bj z\u00e1rove\u0148 emo\u010dn\u011b prohlubuje Talankinovo spolupro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tragick\u00e9ho osudu jeho \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm studentky M\u00e1\u0161i, kter\u00e9 nejprve narukuje a\u00a0pak ve v\u00e1lce zahyne bratr; ta ve filmu p\u0159edstavuje hlavn\u00ed \u017eenskou hrdinku a\u00a0cht\u011blo by se \u0159\u00edct i\u00a0protagonistovu platonickou l\u00e1sku, neb\u00fdt v\u011bkov\u00e9ho rozd\u00edlu, tabuizovan\u00e9ho vztahu u\u010ditel-\u017e\u00e1k a\u00a0tak\u00e9 Talankinovy nazna\u010den\u00e9 homosexuality. <\/p>\n

P\u0159es krizi (odchod Talankinov\u00fdch student\u016f na frontu) a\u00a0katastrofu (audioz\u00e1znam poh\u0159bu tamt\u00e9\u017e zabit\u00e9ho Talankinova spolu\u017e\u00e1ka) se div\u00e1k propracov\u00e1v\u00e1 ke katarzi, kterou p\u0159edstavuje posledn\u00ed zvon\u011bn\u00ed spojuj\u00edc\u00ed emo\u010dn\u00ed i\u00a0fyzick\u00e9 splynut\u00ed Talankina s\u00a0jeho \u017e\u00e1ky v\u00a0extatick\u00e9m tanci a\u00a0jeho triumf\u00e1ln\u00ed, t\u0159eba\u017ee tajn\u00fd odjezd. Ten je\u0161t\u011b umocn\u00ed div ne \u0161pion\u00e1\u017en\u00ed instrukt\u00e1\u017e \u201elid\u00ed ze Z\u00e1padu\u201c, jak z\u00a0Ruska vyv\u00e9zt nato\u010den\u00fd materi\u00e1l, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje symbolickou por\u00e1\u017eku Putinova re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee takto zru\u010dn\u011b zkonstruovan\u00fd film si dok\u00e1zal z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edze\u0148 zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti div\u00e1ctva, a\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho d\u011bjovost, nap\u00ednavost a\u00a0doj\u00edmavost je asi hlavn\u00edm argumentem v\u00a0jeho prosp\u011bch. A\u00a0pak tak\u00e9 ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0sv\u011bdectv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee lidem na Z\u00e1pad\u011b (i v\u00a0Rusku) otev\u0159\u00edt o\u010di.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina kriticky nalad\u011bn\u00fdch div\u00e1k\u016f se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na etick\u00fd aspekt filmu. P\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed v\u0161eobecn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 z\u00e1sady filmov\u00e9 dokumentaristiky, toti\u017e \u017ee re\u017eis\u00e9r m\u00e1 povinnost p\u0159iznat akt\u00e9r\u016fm filmu sv\u00e9 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 \u00famysly a\u00a0n\u00e9st za film plnou odpov\u011bdnost. Pokud bychom toto pravidlo vzali rigidn\u011b, dalo by se\u00a0\u0159\u00edct, \u017ee Pavel Talankin zneu\u017eil d\u016fv\u011bry jak sv\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, tak sv\u00fdch koleg\u016f u\u010ditel\u016f. A\u00a0je pravda, \u017ee lid\u00e9 se dnes v\u00a0Rusku mohou dostat do v\u011bzen\u00ed i\u00a0za mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b, ne\u017e zazn\u011blo ve filmu. <\/p>\n

Z\u00a0m\u00e9ho hlediska by tato v\u00fdhrada m\u011bla m\u00ed\u0159it sp\u00ed\u0161e na americk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9ra Davida Borensteina: to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm on se rozhodl vyu\u017e\u00edt politicky, a\u00a0tud\u00ed\u017e i\u00a0eticky citliv\u00fd materi\u00e1l a\u00a0exponovat lidi nato\u010den\u00e9 v\u00a0Rusku (v\u010detn\u011b mladistv\u00fdch), ani\u017e by se k\u00a0nim t\u0159eba jen p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil. A\u00a0uva\u017eovat se d\u00e1 i\u00a0o tom, nakolik zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 a\u00a0etick\u00e9 bylo kur\u00fdrovat na d\u00e1lku samotn\u00e9ho Talankina\u00a0\u2013 t\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 ve filmu nevypl\u00fdvalo z\u00a0jeho vlastn\u00ed iniciativy. V\u00a0Rusku by mu dnes za podobn\u00e9 konspira\u010dn\u00ed styky se Z\u00e1padem mohli snadno p\u0159i\u0161\u00edt vlastizradu. A\u00a0koneckonc\u016f \u201edobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad\u201c americk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9ra znamen\u00e1 pro Talankina emigraci, nejistou budoucnost, zkr\u00e1tka osudov\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed zlom, na \u010dem\u017e Oscar nic nezm\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Princip \u201ep\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00famyslu p\u0159ed akt\u00e9ry\u201c je jist\u011b diskutabiln\u00ed, ale jen t\u011b\u017eko je mo\u017en\u00e9 na jeho z\u00e1klad\u011b film odsoudit: d\u011bjiny dokument\u00e1rn\u00edho filmu ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee bez jeho p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed by nevznikla \u0159ada skv\u011bl\u00fdch d\u011bl\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad film \u0160oa Clauda Lanzmanna, zalo\u017een\u00fd na tajn\u00e9m nahr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nacistick\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f. Jin\u00e1 v\u011bc je ale odpov\u011bdnost re\u017eis\u00e9ra za osudy lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nat\u00e1\u010d\u00ed. A\u00a0to t\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee jak se uk\u00e1zalo, \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 hollywoodsk\u00e1 fabule filmu \u201ePan Nikdo\u2026\u201c stoj\u00ed na cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch \u010di narafi\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f, situac\u00ed a\u00a0fakt\u016f, s\u00a0jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed re\u017eis\u00e9r dosahuje k\u00fd\u017een\u00e9ho efektu, ani\u017e by se n\u011bjak zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 staral o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.<\/p>\n

Jen nam\u00e1tkou: m\u011bsto Karaba\u0161 nen\u00ed na seznamech UNESCO uveden\u00e9 jako \u201enejzne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto na sv\u011bt\u011b\u201c, jak se tvrd\u00ed hned na za\u010d\u00e1tku filmu (a nefiguruje dokonce ani v\u00a0prvn\u00ed dvac\u00edtce nejzne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rusk\u00fdch m\u011bst); takov\u00e1 \u201eexotizace\u201c ale zjevn\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed vst\u0159\u00edc z\u00e1padn\u00edmu stereotypu o\u00a0Rusku jako \u201ezaostal\u00e9 a\u00a0\u0161pinav\u00e9 zemi\u201c. Tajn\u00e9 instrukce ohledn\u011b Talankinova odjezdu a\u00a0v\u00fdvozu filmov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00e9 tajemn\u011b zazn\u00edvaj\u00ed z\u00a0praskaj\u00edc\u00edho telefonu, zjevn\u011b nejsou autentick\u00e9, n\u00fdbr\u017e napsan\u00e9 scen\u00e1ristou a\u00a0nahran\u00e9 dodate\u010dn\u011b. Ukazuje na to jejich ne\u0159e\u010dov\u00fd (psan\u00fd) charakter i\u00a0to, \u017ee jsou pron\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 s\u00a0nep\u0159irozenou intonac\u00ed. Tot\u00e9\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i\u00a0Talankinov\u00fdch promluv v\u00a0re\u017eimu \u201evoice over\u201c, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed modelovat p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh a\u00a0dod\u00e1vat nap\u00ednavost \u010di dodate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdznamy ban\u00e1ln\u00edm sc\u00e9n\u00e1m. <\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9, pro\u010d m\u00e1 Talankin podle instrukc\u00ed nato\u010den\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly ze zem\u011b komplikovan\u011b a\u00a0riskantn\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017eet na harddisc\u00edch, kdy\u017e je m\u016f\u017ee bez zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho rizika ulo\u017eit na cloud, co\u017e je v\u00a0Rusku dodnes b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 a\u00a0zcela leg\u00e1ln\u00ed praxe. Zjevn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 jen o\u00a0snahu re\u017eis\u00e9ra evokovat v\u00a0div\u00e1kovi dojem ohro\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pot\u00ed\u017e je i\u00a0s\u00a0Talankinov\u00fdmi \u201ediverzn\u00edmi akcemi\u201c. Tak p\u00edsmeno \u201eX\u201c, kter\u00e9 jako znak protestu um\u00eds\u0165uje v\u00a0oknech \u0161koly, v\u00a0Rusku nen\u00ed a\u00a0nikdy nebylo symbolem podpory uprchl\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0Ukrajiny, jak protagonista ve filmu tvrd\u00ed. Zato, jak zjistil jeden z\u00a0recenzent\u016f filmu novin\u00e1\u0159 Ilja Ber, bylo symbolem grafick\u00e9 identity v\u00fdstavy Constructing Hope: Ukraine, kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhla v\u00a0roce 2024\u00a0v\u00a0New Yorku. Sc\u00e9na t\u00e9to \u201ediverze\u201c tedy zjevn\u011b vznikla v\u00a0hlav\u011b americk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9ra filmu. <\/p>\n

A\u00a0jako dop\u0159edu vymy\u0161len\u00e1 vypad\u00e1 i\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161ina Talankinov\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodnick\u00fdch akc\u00ed\u201c: modro-b\u00edl\u00e1 vlajka je sp\u00ed\u0161e symbol pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd ruskou emigrac\u00ed, kter\u00fd lidem v\u00a0Rusku nic moc ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1. A\u00a0krom toho se v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu filmu na tabuli v\u00a0Talankinov\u011b kabinetu jednou objevuje a\u00a0pak zase miz\u00ed, tak\u017ee to cel\u00e9 vypad\u00e1 narafi\u010den\u011b. Pochybn\u011b a\u00a0um\u011ble p\u016fsob\u00ed i\u00a0povalen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 vlajky na st\u0159e\u0161e \u0161koly; odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 se beze sv\u011bdk\u016f, a\u00a0nep\u0159edstavuje tak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed riziko\u00a0\u2013 na rozd\u00edl od \u010detn\u00fdch re\u00e1ln\u00fdch a\u00a0otev\u0159en\u00fdch pokus\u016f o\u00a0protiv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd odpor v\u00a0Rusku, za kter\u00fd jsou stovky lid\u00ed v\u011bzn\u011bny. Pro napln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavy z\u00e1padn\u00edho div\u00e1ka o \u201eprotiputinsk\u00e9m odboji\u201c to ale evidentn\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 filmov\u00fd kritik Boris Lok\u0161in si v\u0161iml jedn\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u011bci: polovinu trv\u00e1n\u00ed filmu je Pavel Talankin v\u00a0z\u00e1b\u011bru. Nat\u00e1\u010den\u00fd je v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00a0pohybu a\u00a0kvalita z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o\u00a0tom, \u017ee za kamerou st\u00e1l profesion\u00e1l. Do\u00a0\u0161koly v\u00a0Karaba\u0161i byl(a) tedy re\u017eis\u00e9rem filmu zjevn\u011b posl\u00e1n(a) kameraman(ka), kter\u00fd(\u00e1) Pavla Talankina nat\u00e1\u010del(a) dlouh\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce, ne-li roky, co\u017e David Borenstein dokonce p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se o\u00a0tom ale p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ne\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed, proto\u017ee by to zpochybnilo podstatu filmu, kter\u00fd je publiku prod\u00e1v\u00e1n jako doslova rukod\u011bln\u011b zaznamenan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh osam\u011bl\u00e9ho hrdiny, kter\u00fd s\u00e1m s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed kamery vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 na souboj Putin\u016fv re\u017eim.<\/p>\n

Ve filmu se ale najdou i\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 manipulace vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed div\u00e1kovy neznalosti rusk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Hned dv\u011b se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed \u201e\u010f\u00e1belsk\u00e9ho\u201c u\u010ditele d\u011bjepisu Pavla Abdulmanova. V\u00a0jedn\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u011b je zobrazen\u00fd jako \u201ev\u011brn\u00fd str\u00e1\u017ece Putinova re\u017eimu\u201c, kter\u00fd s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed detektoru prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed studenty vch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed do t\u0159\u00eddy. Sc\u00e9nu doprov\u00e1z\u00ed Talankin\u016fv koment\u00e1\u0159: \u201eAle od minul\u00e9ho roku tu svoboda skon\u010dila.\u201c Ve skute\u010dnosti se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0b\u011b\u017enou praxi (nejen v\u00a0Rusku, ale t\u0159eba i\u00a0ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech), kdy jsou studenti p\u0159ed p\u00edsemnou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed maturity prohl\u00ed\u017eeni, aby do t\u0159\u00eddy nepronesli tah\u00e1ky a\u00a0elektronick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. <\/p>\n

O\u00a0n\u011bco pozd\u011bji, b\u011bhem slavnostn\u00edho ve\u010dera po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho oblastn\u00edm \u0161kolsk\u00fdm odborem, je Abdulmanov ocen\u011bn a\u00a0dost\u00e1v\u00e1 byt. Z\u00a0Talankinova koment\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159itom vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee si jej vyslou\u017eil za v\u011brn\u00e9 prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 ideologie re\u017eimu. Jak ale ukazuje zb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed na internet, Pavel Abdulmanov byl ocen\u011bn ji\u017e v\u00a0lednu 2022, a\u00a0byt tedy dostal je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed vypuknut\u00edm v\u00e1lky. To ale autor\u016fm filmu nezabr\u00e1nilo \u201ev z\u00e1jmu odhalen\u00ed padoucha\u201c tuto skute\u010dnost zaml\u010det.<\/p>\n

Obdobn\u00fdch polopravd a\u00a0manipulac\u00ed slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edch plynulosti p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu pozorn\u00ed kritici na\u0161li celou \u0159adu. Dokonce se d\u00e1 \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee je na nich film zalo\u017een\u00fd. Jeho p\u0159\u00edznivci naopak nam\u00edtaj\u00ed, \u017ee jinak to ani b\u00fdt nem\u016f\u017ee: m\u00e1lokter\u00e9 velk\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo se obejde bez autorsk\u00e9 licence. A\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm\u00a0\u2013 je to nezbytn\u00e1 da\u0148 za to, \u017ee se sv\u011bt dozv\u00ed pravdu. <\/p>\n

S\u00a0prvn\u00edm argumentem by se je\u0161t\u011b dalo souhlasit, neb\u00fdt toho, \u017ee film, jeho\u017e ambic\u00ed je odhalit sou\u010dasnou situaci v\u00a0Rusku, je nutn\u011b politick\u00fd a\u00a0dost dob\u0159e jej nelze posuzovat krit\u00e9rii um\u011bn\u00ed pro um\u011bn\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00fdch \u010das\u016f. Zato druh\u00fd a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 pov\u011bstn\u00e9 po\u0159ekadlo \u201ekdy\u017e se k\u00e1c\u00ed les, l\u00edtaj\u00ed t\u0159\u00edsky\u201c. Kritizovat ideologickou manipulaci Putinova re\u017eimu a\u00a0s\u00e1m se p\u0159itom ve jm\u00e9nu pravdy manipulac\u00ed dopou\u0161t\u011bt, znamen\u00e1 p\u0159istupovat na jeho hru. <\/p>\n

T\u00edm sp\u00ed\u0161e, \u017ee dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed film by m\u011bl div\u00e1kovi poskytnout prostor k\u00a0p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed a\u00a0ne mu serv\u00edrovat hotov\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi podle jeho p\u0159edstav. Jinak hroz\u00ed, \u017ee se o\u00a0t\u00e9matu, a\u00a0v\u00a0na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b o\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9m Rusku, dozv\u00ed jen to, co u\u017e v\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u010cesk\u00e1 televize v\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd odvys\u00edlala dokument\u00e1rn\u00ed film Pan Nikdo proti Putinovi americk\u00e9ho re\u017eis\u00e9ra Davida Borensteina a\u00a0jeho spolure\u017eis\u00e9ra, a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 protagonisty…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":79597,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[23772,444,3146,79,3600,1093,13535,25496,61,56,80],"class_list":{"0":"post-79596","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zabava","8":"tag-david-borenstein","9":"tag-deti","10":"tag-dokumentarni-filmy","11":"tag-entertainment","12":"tag-film-pan-nikdo-proti-putinovi","13":"tag-filmy","14":"tag-manipulace","15":"tag-pavel-talankin","16":"tag-rusko","17":"tag-valka-rusko-ukrajina","18":"tag-zabava"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116539825091515011","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79596"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79596\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}