{"id":79619,"date":"2026-05-08T16:29:16","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T16:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/79619\/"},"modified":"2026-05-08T16:29:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T16:29:16","slug":"jak-vyhrat-valku-echo24-cz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/79619\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vyhr\u00e1t v\u00e1lku &#8211; Echo24.cz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"perex\">Dnes je to 81 let od\u00a0konce nejstra\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edho konfliktu v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch, alespo\u0148 v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, v\u00a0Tichomo\u0159\u00ed si je\u0161t\u011b museli p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po\u010dkat. Po\u00a0\u0161esti letech tvrd\u00fdch boj\u016f le\u017eela velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st kontinentu v\u00a0ruin\u00e1ch, des\u00edtky milion\u016f lid\u00ed zem\u0159ely a\u00a0pomalu se\u00a0vytv\u00e1\u0159ela nov\u00e1 geopolitick\u00e1 realita, kdy nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi b\u00fdval\u00fdmi spojenci p\u0159er\u016fstalo ve\u00a0studenou v\u00e1lku. Druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka byla tot\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lkou, vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed mobilizaci cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Nebyla st\u0159etem jen arm\u00e1d, ale i\u00a0ekonomik a\u00a0populac\u00ed. V\u010dera agentura Median zve\u0159ejnila pr\u016fzkum, ve\u00a0kter\u00e9m se\u00a091 % dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch \u010cech\u016f ozna\u010dilo za\u00a0vlastence. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jen pro\u00a036 % lid\u00ed je mor\u00e1ln\u00ed povinnost\u00ed zapojit se\u00a0do\u00a0obrany vlasti. V\u011bt\u0161ina, tedy 55 %, se\u00a0p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0tomu, aby obranu vlasti zajistili profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed voj\u00e1ci a\u00a0arm\u00e1da. Je ot\u00e1zka, jestli by se\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edmto p\u0159\u00edstupem \u010cesko dlouho udr\u017eelo.<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zbran\u00ed Spojenc\u016f byla americk\u00e1 ekonomika. Tento \u201earzen\u00e1l demokracie\u201c krom\u011b samotn\u00fdch USA z\u00e1soboval v\u00e1le\u010dnou ma\u0161inerii Brit\u00e1nie, Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu a\u00a0do\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry i\u00a0\u010c\u00edny. N\u011bmci se\u00a0spol\u00e9hali na\u00a0efektivitu, disciplinovanost a\u00a0taktickou brilantnost sv\u00fdch arm\u00e1d. Ty jim poslou\u017eily v\u00a0prvotn\u00edch letech v\u00e1lky, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ve\u00a0Francii, kdy se\u00a0d\u00edky neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu \u00fatoku p\u0159es\u00a0Ardeny poda\u0159ilo obkl\u00ed\u010dit spojeneck\u00e9 jednotky.<\/p>\n<p>\n \u00a0\n<\/p>\n<p>Pak ale narazili na\u00a0kan\u00e1l La Manche, kde hl\u00eddkovalo mocn\u00e9 Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo, na\u00a0kter\u00e9 Kriegsmarine nem\u011bla. Snaha porazit Brit\u00e1nii letecky tak\u00e9 neusp\u011bla. Na\u00a0v\u00fdchod\u011b se\u00a0Sov\u011bti uch\u00fdlili k\u00a0osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 taktice v\u00fdm\u011bny \u00fazem\u00ed za\u00a0\u010das. Selh\u00e1n\u00ed rychle vy\u0159adit Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed i\u00a0SSSR z\u00a0v\u00e1lky znamenalo, \u017ee se\u00a0konflikt stal soubojem hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. V\u00edt\u011bzem se\u00a0musel st\u00e1t ten, kdo dok\u00e1zal vyrobit v\u00edce a\u00a0rychleji, a\u00a0v\u00a0tomto ohledu byli Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 nep\u0159ekonateln\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Hermann G\u00f6ring se\u00a0Ameri\u010dan\u016fm vysm\u00edval, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eou vyr\u00e1b\u011bt pouze \u017eiletky a\u00a0ledni\u010dky, tak\u017ee\u00a0jejich ekonomika N\u011bmecko neohroz\u00ed. Jen\u017ee\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0roce 1940 se\u00a0USA nach\u00e1zely uprost\u0159ed recese a\u00a0\u0159ada tov\u00e1ren st\u00e1la. Vstup do\u00a0v\u00e1lky byl impulzem, kter\u00fd americk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nastartoval. Kdy\u017e\u00a0prezident Franklin Roosevelt zavelel k\u00a0mobilizaci ekonomiky, poc\u00edtil to cel\u00fd sv\u011bt. Ameri\u010dt\u00ed v\u00fdrobci vyrobili v\u00edce ne\u017e 96 tis\u00edc bombard\u00e9r\u016f, 86 tis\u00edc tank\u016f, 2,4 milionu n\u00e1kladn\u00edch vozidel, 6,5 milionu pu\u0161ek a\u00a0z\u00e1soby v\u00a0hodnot\u011b miliard dolar\u016f. Nebylo by to mo\u017en\u00e9 bez\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ce soukrom\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Automobilka Chrysler chrlila tanky, Ford bombard\u00e9ry. Pr\u016fmysln\u00edk\u00a0Henry Kaiser postavil nov\u00e9 lod\u011bnice, kde se\u00a0montovaly takzvan\u00e9 liberty ships, tedy \u201elod\u011b svobody\u201c. T\u011bchto n\u00e1kladn\u00edch plavidel bylo mezi lety 1941 a\u00a01945 vyrobeno 2710, tedy v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru t\u0159i\u00a0lod\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva dny.<\/p>\n<p>        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/a\/HziVa\/echoporada-podcast-short-konci-nezavislost-medii-s-koncesionarskymi-poplatky\" itemprop=\"url\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> Kon\u010d\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost m\u00e9di\u00ed s koncesion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi poplatky?<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"articleNew-default__author\">\n\t<a rel=\"author nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/author\/echo24\" itemprop=\"url\" target=\"_blank\">Echo24<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t, 7. kv\u011btna 2026\n          <\/p>\n<p class=\"articleNew-default__genre\">\n            ECHOPORADA\n          <\/p>\n<p>        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/a\/HziVa\/echoporada-podcast-short-konci-nezavislost-medii-s-koncesionarskymi-poplatky\" class=\"articleNew-default__img\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"js-lazy\" itemprop=\"image\" width=\"230\" height=\"120\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 230\/120\" src=\"\/img\/69fc533d4822e7266e95af78\/460\/240?_sig=s10BkcF043_L6oOSLbX_tkF7sXWoc0HlFjsREwl7kq4\" alt=\"Kon\u010d\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost m\u00e9di\u00ed s koncesion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi poplatky?\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><br \/>\n            <\/a><\/p>\n<p>Jist\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty m\u011bli Sov\u011bti a\u00a0nesli hlavn\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd n\u00e1por. Historik John Ellis vypo\u010d\u00edtal, \u017ee na\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b bojovalo 79 % nacistick\u00fdch sil. Sov\u011bti ale p\u0159izn\u00e1vali, \u017ee bez\u00a0americk\u00e9 pomoci by nacistick\u00fd n\u00e1por neust\u00e1li. \u201eNejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u011bcmi v\u00a0t\u00e9to v\u00e1lce jsou stroje. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty dok\u00e1\u017eou vyrobit 8 a\u017e\u00a010 tis\u00edc letadel za\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc. Rusko dok\u00e1\u017ee vyrobit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 3 tis\u00edce letadel za\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc. Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou zem\u00ed stroj\u016f. Bez\u00a0t\u011bchto stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsme dostali skrze p\u016fj\u010dku\u00a0a\u00a0pron\u00e1jem, bychom tuto v\u00e1lku prohr\u00e1li,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil Stalin b\u011bhem konference v\u00a0Teher\u00e1nu v\u00a0roce 1943. Nikita Chru\u0161\u010dov ve\u00a0sv\u00fdch pam\u011btech vzpom\u00ednal na\u00a0rozhovor se\u00a0Stalinem, ve\u00a0kter\u00e9m dikt\u00e1tor prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u201ekdyby n\u00e1m Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty nepomohly, nevyhr\u00e1li bychom v\u00e1lku\u201c. Ve\u00a0stejn\u00e9m duchu se\u00a0vyj\u00e1d\u0159il mar\u0161\u00e1l Georgij \u017dukov, nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sov\u011btsk\u00fd velitel v\u00e1lky. \u201eDnes n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee n\u00e1m Spojenci vlastn\u011b nepomohli. Ale nelze zpochybnit, \u017ee bez\u00a0materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m dodali Ameri\u010dan\u00e9, bychom nemohli vybavit sv\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy v\u00a0z\u00e1loze ani pokra\u010dovat ve\u00a0v\u00e1lce&#8230; Nem\u011bli jsme dostatek munice \u2013 jak bychom asi vyrobili v\u0161echny ty tanky bez\u00a0oceli, kterou n\u00e1m dodali Ameri\u010dan\u00e9?\u201c prohl\u00e1sil v\u00a0roce 1963 v\u00a0rozhovoru se\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdm spisovatelem a\u00a0v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm korespondentem Konstantinem Simonovem.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1lku by ale Spojenci nevyhr\u00e1li, kdyby nebyli ochotni tento arzen\u00e1l pou\u017e\u00edt. \u201eNacist\u00e9 vstoupili do\u00a0v\u00e1lky v\u00a0pon\u011bkud d\u011btinsk\u00e9 iluzi, \u017ee budou bombardovat v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed a\u00a0nikdo nebude bombardovat je. V\u00a0Rotterdamu, Lond\u00fdn\u011b, ve\u00a0Var\u0161av\u011b a\u00a0na\u00a0p\u016flstovce dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst uvedli svou pon\u011bkud naivn\u00ed teorii v\u00a0\u017eivot. Zaseli v\u00edtr a\u00a0te\u010f sklid\u00ed bou\u0159i,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil velitel britsk\u00e9ho bombardovac\u00edho letectva Arthur Harris v\u00a0\u010dervnu 1943 v\u00a0projevu, kter\u00fdm oznamoval za\u010d\u00e1tek strategick\u00e9ho bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed N\u011bmecka.<\/p>\n<p>O\u00a0n\u00e1sledc\u00edch jsme psali ji\u017e p\u0159ed\u00a0t\u0159emi lety. \u201eBritov\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomovali, \u017ee jejich po\u010d\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed je na\u00a0hran\u011b mor\u00e1lky. Ministerstvo letectv\u00ed v\u00a0soukrom\u00e9 anal\u00fdze\u00a0p\u0159iznalo, \u017ee \u201abombardov\u00e1n\u00ed civilist\u016f je proti princip\u016fm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va\u2018. Nem\u011bli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 iluze, jak\u00e9 \u0161kody to nap\u00e1ch\u00e1. Odhadovali zni\u010den\u00ed osmi milion\u016f dom\u016f, 900 tis\u00edc mrtv\u00fdch a\u00a0milion t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn\u00fdch. V\u00a0kontextu tot\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00e1lky to d\u00e1valo smysl. Britov\u00e9 necht\u011bli zni\u010dit n\u011bmeckou mor\u00e1lku, ale n\u011bmeckou pr\u016fmyslovou produkci. (&#8230;) Eufemisticky tomu \u0159\u00edkal \u201ade-house\u2018, co\u017e by se\u00a0dalo p\u0159elo\u017eit jako \u201aoddomnit\u2018. Pokud d\u011bln\u00edci nem\u011bli kde bydlet, nemohli pracovat v\u00a0tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a\u00a0vyr\u00e1b\u011bt materi\u00e1l pro\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00e1 vojska. Winston Churchill nem\u011bl s\u00a0bombardovan\u00fdmi N\u011bmci \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 slitov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u201aV\u0161e, co mus\u00ed ud\u011blat, je opustit sv\u00e1 m\u011bsta, kde se\u00a0nach\u00e1zej\u00ed muni\u010dky, a\u00a0sledovat zd\u00e1lky, jak jejich domovy ho\u0159\u00ed,\u2018 prohl\u00e1sil.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/a\/HeW2N\/tydenik-ech-salon-prezije-konzervatismus-donalda-trumpa\" itemprop=\"url\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> P\u0159e\u017eije konzervatismus Donalda Trumpa?<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"articleNew-default__author\">\n\t<a rel=\"author nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/author\/ondrej-stindl\" itemprop=\"url\" target=\"_blank\">Ond\u0159ej \u0160tindl<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t, 6. kv\u011btna 2026\n          <\/p>\n<p class=\"articleNew-default__genre\">\n            ECHO SALON\n          <\/p>\n<p>        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.echo24.cz\/a\/HeW2N\/tydenik-ech-salon-prezije-konzervatismus-donalda-trumpa\" class=\"articleNew-default__img\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"js-lazy\" itemprop=\"image\" width=\"230\" height=\"120\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 230\/120\" src=\"\/img\/69f9f2f24822e7266e958cd0\/460\/240?_sig=pADbL7okdR0glZdv2GRB4ykLcUbYIbaq-FPf4R5N9Ig\" alt=\"P\u0159e\u017eije konzervatismus Donalda Trumpa?\" loading=\"lazy\"\/><br \/>\n            <\/a><\/p>\n<p>Devastace byla obrovsk\u00e1 a\u00a0\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. \u201ePor\u00fa\u0159\u00ed, centrum n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, Hamburk a\u00a0jeho lod\u011bnice byly srovn\u00e1ny se\u00a0zem\u00ed. Dvacet p\u011bt nov\u00fdch ponorek nikdy nebylo dokon\u010deno. N\u00e1lety nezastavily n\u011bmeckou v\u00e1le\u010dnou produkci, ale zastavily jej\u00ed r\u016fst. Strategick\u00e9 bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed donutilo n\u011bmeck\u00fd vojensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl soust\u0159edit se\u00a0p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na\u00a0letectv\u00ed. V\u00a0roce 1943 se\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00fd v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl zam\u011b\u0159il ze\u00a040 % na\u00a0leteckou produkci, jen 6 % \u0161lo na\u00a0tanky. Nacist\u00e9 si nemohli dovolit zanedbat obranu samotn\u00e9ho N\u011bmecka. To se\u00a0pak projevilo na\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b, kam N\u011bmci nemohli pos\u00edlat materi\u00e1l v\u00a0dostate\u010dn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Luftwaffe se\u00a0soust\u0159edila na\u00a0obranu n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho nebe proti n\u00e1let\u016fm. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, \u017ee N\u011bmci m\u011bli na\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b jen 500 letadel proti 13 tis\u00edc\u016fm sov\u011btsk\u00fdch. Leteckou obranou se\u00a0zab\u00fdvalo 900 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed chyb\u011bli jinde na\u00a0front\u011b.\u201c Dne\u0161n\u00ed p\u0159edstavy o\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9m \u010dist\u00e9m zp\u016fsobu v\u00e1lky jsou tak zna\u010dn\u011b naivn\u00ed. Modern\u00ed nav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 rakety umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed omezit vedlej\u0161\u00ed ob\u011bti, ale nikdy je zcela neeliminuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1lka je stra\u0161n\u00e1, d\u011bsiv\u00e1 a\u00a0nikdo si ji nep\u0159eje. M\u00e1me velk\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, \u017ee se\u00a0n\u00e1m od\u00a0konce druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky vyh\u00fdb\u00e1. Pokud by ale nedejbo\u017ee\u00a0za\u010dala, k\u00a0v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed opravdu nebude sta\u010dit, kdy\u017e\u00a0se\u00a0zapoj\u00ed jen profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed arm\u00e1da a\u00a0zbytek spole\u010dnosti se\u00a0bude tv\u00e1\u0159it, \u017ee se\u00a0ho to net\u00fdk\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/eshop.echomedia.cz\/p\/U6c6N\/pabeni-a-nadeje\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\"><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/1776160871_667_FIT.webp\" alt=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" itemprop=\"image\"\/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Dnes je to 81 let od\u00a0konce nejstra\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edho konfliktu v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch, alespo\u0148 v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, v\u00a0Tichomo\u0159\u00ed si je\u0161t\u011b museli p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po\u010dkat.&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":79620,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[54,53,52],"class_list":{"0":"post-79619","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-svet","8":"tag-svet","9":"tag-world","10":"tag-world-news"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116539907513794577","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79619"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79619\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}