Z Vladivostoku k\u00a0tajn\u00e9mu bunkru<\/p>\n
Stanislav Jevgrafovi\u010d Petrov se narodil 7.\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1939\u00a0v\u00a0okol\u00ed Vladivostoku. Jeho otec Jevgraf bojoval b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky jako st\u00edhac\u00ed pilot a\u00a0matka pracovala jako zdravotn\u00ed sestra.<\/p>\n
Vystudoval Kyjevskou vojenskou leteckou in\u017een\u00fdrskou akademii a\u00a0roku 1972\u00a0nastoupil k\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdm sil\u00e1m protivzdu\u0161n\u00e9 obrany. Za\u010d\u00e1tkem 70.\u00a0let dostal na starost nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na odhalen\u00ed balistick\u00fdch raket vyp\u00e1len\u00fdch ze zem\u00ed NATO. \u0160lo o\u00a0\u00fakol, kter\u00fd tehdy dost\u00e1vali jen vybran\u00ed lid\u00e9 s\u00a0technick\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a\u00a0chladnou hlavou, proto\u017ee v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b st\u00e1la cel\u00e1 obrana na p\u00e1r pixelech na obrazovce.<\/p>\n
Noc, kdy se rozsv\u00edtil n\u00e1pis START<\/p>\n
Dne 26.\u00a0z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1983\u00a0nastoupil podplukovn\u00edk Petrov no\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011bnu v\u00a0utajen\u00e9m bunkru Serpuchov-15\u00a0ji\u017en\u011b od Moskvy. Bunkr ukr\u00fdval velitelsk\u00e9 st\u0159edisko sov\u011btsk\u00e9 dru\u017eicov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b v\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdstrahy s\u00a0kryc\u00edm n\u00e1zvem Oko. Jeho \u00fakolem bylo sledovat satelitn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly a\u00a0okam\u017eit\u011b hl\u00e1sit nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159\u00edlet jadern\u00e9 rakety. V\u00a0takov\u00e9 funkci nebylo m\u00edsto na pochybnosti ani na druhou \u0161anci, p\u00e1r minut a\u00a0n\u011bkolik tla\u010d\u00edtek mezi klidem a\u00a0t\u00edm, jak bude vypadat z\u00edt\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed r\u00e1no na obou polokoul\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Kr\u00e1tce po p\u016flnoci ohl\u00e1sily po\u010d\u00edta\u010de v\u00a0bunkru, \u017ee ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu mezikontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed balistick\u00e1 raketa. Na panelu se rozsv\u00edtil n\u00e1pis START.<\/p>\n
P\u011bt raket, kter\u00e9 nem\u011bly logiku<\/p>\n
Kr\u00e1tce nato syst\u00e9m ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee raket je dohromady p\u011bt. Pokud by hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed potvrdil, hrozila okam\u017eit\u00e1 odvetn\u00e1 jadern\u00e1 reakce proti Spojen\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm. Vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0\u00favahy, \u017ee americk\u00fd prvn\u00ed \u00fader by musel b\u00fdt masivn\u00ed a\u00a0p\u011bt raket by jako za\u010d\u00e1tek v\u00e1lky ned\u00e1valo logicky smysl.<\/p>\n
Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed prok\u00e1zalo, \u017ee plan\u00fd poplach zp\u016fsobilo slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo odra\u017een\u00e9 od vysok\u00fdch mrak\u016f, kter\u00e9 satelity zam\u011bnily za starty raket. Petrov pozd\u011bji vzpom\u00ednal, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed bylo pro n\u011bj tehdy pades\u00e1t na pades\u00e1t. Z\u00e1v\u011br o\u00a0tom, co vlastn\u011b satelity vid\u011bly, p\u0159i\u0161el a\u017e s\u00a0odstupem, kdy mohli technici v\u00a0klidu rozebrat ka\u017edou minutu t\u00e9 noci a\u00a0porovnat data s\u00a0jin\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstroji.<\/p>\n
M\u00edsto medaile v\u00fdtka<\/p>\n
M\u00edsto medaile mu byla ud\u011blena v\u00fdtka za to, \u017ee incident neuvedl \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b do v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho den\u00edku. S\u00e1m pozd\u011bji \u0159ekl, \u017ee odm\u011bnu mu odep\u0159eli, proto\u017ee incident byl vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n t\u00fdmi\u017e d\u016fstojn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed byli za z\u00e1vadu zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed. Argument, proti kter\u00e9mu se v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9m apar\u00e1tu nedalo logicky oponovat, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kdy\u017e by jak\u00e1koli pochvala znamenala p\u0159iznat, \u017ee syst\u00e9m, do kter\u00e9ho st\u00e1t investoval miliardy, je vadn\u00fd a\u00a0p\u0159edra\u017een\u00fd. Petrov byl p\u0159e\u0159azen na m\u00e9n\u011b citliv\u00e9 m\u00edsto a\u00a0kr\u00e1tce nato p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b ode\u0161el z\u00a0arm\u00e1dy. Tich\u00fd \u017eivot vojensk\u00e9ho technika v\u00a0penzi se tak zd\u00e1nliv\u011b uzav\u0159el a\u00a0o t\u00e9 noci nemohl vypr\u00e1v\u011bt nikomu mimo \u00fazk\u00fd okruh prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch koleg\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli sami dobr\u00fd d\u016fvod ml\u010det o\u00a0\u010demkoli.<\/p>\n
Roky v\u00a0utajen\u00ed<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh utajen\u00e9ho poplachu se na ve\u0159ejnost dostal a\u017e v\u00a0roce 1998.\u00a0Mezi onou noc\u00ed v\u00a0bunkru a\u00a0prvn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou v\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch novin\u00e1ch uplynulo mnoho let, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch o\u00a0n\u011bm sousedi v\u00a0tich\u00e9m moskevsk\u00e9m p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed nic netu\u0161ili.<\/p>\n
Pozdn\u00ed pocty<\/p>\n
V kv\u011btnu 2004\u00a0mu Asociace sv\u011btov\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f v\u00a0Moskv\u011b ud\u011blila titul Ob\u010dan sv\u011bta. V\u00a0lednu 2006\u00a0vystoupil v\u00a0s\u00eddle OSN v\u00a0New Yorku, kde z\u00edskal druhou cenu Ob\u010dan sv\u011bta. Den po slavnostn\u00edm ob\u0159adu se v\u00a0kancel\u00e1\u0159i CBS setkal se slavn\u00fdm americk\u00fdm novin\u00e1\u0159em Walterem Cronkitem.<\/p>\n
V Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fanech p\u0159evzal 17.\u00a0\u00fanora 2013\u00a0m\u00edrovou cenu Dresden Peace Prize spojenou s\u00a0\u0161ekem na 25\u00a0000\u00a0eur. Slavnostn\u00ed ob\u0159ad p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed Dr\u00e1\u017e\u010fan z\u00a0roku 1945\u00a0se konal v\u00a0Semperov\u011b ope\u0159e. \u201eNejsem hrdina, jen jsem si d\u011blal svou pr\u00e1ci,\u201c prohl\u00e1sil tehdy Petrov. V\u00a0kv\u011btnu 2007\u00a0nav\u0161t\u00edvil v\u00a0USA b\u00fdvalou americkou raketovou z\u00e1kladnu Minuteman a\u00a0podotkl, \u017ee by si nikdy nep\u0159edstavoval, \u017ee vstoup\u00ed na jedno z\u00a0nejst\u0159e\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst nep\u0159\u00edtele.<\/p>\n
Smrt, o\u00a0kter\u00e9 dlouho nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl<\/p>\n
Stanislav Petrov zem\u0159el ti\u0161e ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b ve Frjazinu 19.\u00a0kv\u011btna 2017.\u00a0O\u00a0\u00famrt\u00ed se sv\u011bt dozv\u011bd\u011bl a\u017e pot\u00e9, co mu Petrov\u016fv n\u011bmeck\u00fd p\u0159\u00edtel Karl Schumacher, zavolal, aby mu pop\u0159\u00e1l k\u00a0narozenin\u00e1m a\u00a0od jeho syna se dozv\u011bd\u011bl pravdu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce o\u00a0jeho \u00famrt\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu nevydala.<\/p>\n
https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stanislav_Yevgrafovich_Petrov<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/people\/stanislav_petrov.htm<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.armscontrol.org\/act\/2017-10\/news-briefs\/man-who-saved-world-dies-77<\/p>\n
https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1983_Soviet_nuclear_false_alarm_incident<\/p>\n
https:\/\/universe.byu.edu\/2017\/09\/20\/stanislav-petrov-who-averted-nuclear-war-dies-at-77\/<\/p>\n
https:\/\/www.rt.com\/news\/soviet-officer-awarded-dresden-530\/<\/p>\n
https:\/\/sputnikglobe.com\/20130217\/Soviet-Officer-Awarded-Prize-for-Preventing-Nuclear-War-179529402.html<\/p>\n
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