{"id":80992,"date":"2026-05-10T06:49:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-10T06:49:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/80992\/"},"modified":"2026-05-10T06:49:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-10T06:49:12","slug":"120-let-technickeho-zazraku-prazska-kanalizace-byla-nejvyspelejsi-v-tehdejsi-evrope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/80992\/","title":{"rendered":"120\u00a0let technick\u00e9ho z\u00e1zraku. Pra\u017esk\u00e1 kanalizace byla nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00ed Evrop\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto bez kanalizace si asi m\u00e1lokdo z\u00a0n\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159edstavit. Odpad z\u00a0dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, d\u00edlen \u010di st\u00e1j\u00ed kon\u010d\u00edval v\u00a0tzv. trativodech nebo se vyl\u00e9val do rigol\u016f na ulici. Kdy\u017e p\u0159i\u0161el d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, bahno na ulic\u00edch se prom\u00edchalo s\u00a0exkrementy, ty se pak mnohdy dost\u00e1valy a\u017e do Vltavy, ze kter\u00e9 se ov\u0161em na jin\u00fdch m\u00edstech brala voda k\u00a0pit\u00ed a\u00a0va\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkem b\u00fdvaly epidemie tyfu a\u00a0cholery, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovaly \u00famrtnost v\u00a0Praze. Star\u00fd syst\u00e9m d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch a\u00a0m\u011blk\u00fdch zd\u011bn\u00fdch stok u\u017e nesta\u010dil tempu modernizuj\u00edc\u00ed se metropole a\u00a0odpadn\u00ed vodu bylo pot\u0159eba odd\u011blit od lidsk\u00fdch obydl\u00ed. Praha, podobn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 metropole, nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebovala \u201echirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok\u201c hluboko pod zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159elom p\u0159i\u0161el na konci 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed. Spo\u010d\u00edval v\u00a0tom, \u017ee se postavila velice forteln\u00e1, promy\u0161len\u00e1 kanaliza\u010dn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Zakon\u010den\u00e1 byla v\u00a0Buben\u010di, na nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v\u00a0Praze. Zm\u011bna spo\u010d\u00edvala v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ne\u017e vodu vypustili zp\u00e1tky do Vltavy, tady ji mechanicky pro\u010distili,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0159editel Star\u00e9 \u010dist\u00edrny Cyril Holub, kter\u00fd Novinky po n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tce provedl.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201ePra\u017esk\u00e1 kanalizace byla ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, jakou si dok\u00e1\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit. Zhruba dvacet let po uveden\u00ed do provozu m\u011bla Praha prvenstv\u00ed co se\u00a0t\u00fd\u010de kvality p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0odpadn\u00ed vodu,\u201c vyzdvihuje Holub.<\/p>\n

Britsk\u00fd mozek v\u00a0tuzemsk\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

Bylo tomu tak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky n\u00e1vrh\u016fm zku\u0161en\u00e9ho vodohospod\u00e1\u0159e britsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu Williama Heerleina Lindleyho. Pro\u010d si m\u011bsto vybralo pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho?<\/p>\n

\u201eNejd\u0159\u00edv se sout\u011b\u017e na stavbu \u0159e\u0161ila lok\u00e1ln\u011b. M\u00edstn\u00ed technici poslali dva v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 projekty na posouzen\u00ed do Frankfurtu, kde byl tehdy stavebn\u00edm radou pr\u00e1v\u011b Lindley, odborn\u00edk na kanaliza\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0vod\u00e1rensk\u00e9 stavby evropsk\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu. Posoudil projekty a\u00a0navrhl Praze, \u017ee jim p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed vlastn\u00ed,\u201c vypr\u00e1v\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 pr\u016fvodce.<\/p>\n

Z role porotce se tak dostal do role design\u00e9ra; jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosem bylo podle Holuba hlavn\u011b zapojen\u00ed samotn\u00e9 \u010dist\u00edrny.<\/p>\n

\u201eOstatn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy po\u010d\u00edtaly s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee se spla\u0161ky za Prahou vyplav\u00ed na povrch a\u00a0nechaj\u00ed se vs\u00e1knout v\u00a0p\u00edskov\u00fdch pol\u00edch\u00a0\u2013 jak to bylo tehdy b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. On ale \u0159ekl: Ne, postavme \u010dist\u00edrnu, kde bude \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0vyplaven\u00ed vody kontrolovan\u00fd proces,\u201c vysv\u011btluje.<\/p>\n

Foto: Milan Mal\u00ed\u010dek, Novinky<\/p>\n

Kanaliza\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m podle p\u016fvodn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f obsluhoval 5,5\u00a0tis\u00edce hektar\u016f tehdej\u0161\u00ed Prahy. \u201eByli ale proz\u00edrav\u00ed a\u00a0v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee aglomerace poroste, tak se napojily rovnou dal\u0161\u00ed, \u010dasto konkuren\u010dn\u00ed obce jako Vinohrady, \u017di\u017ekov, Sm\u00edchov, Nusle a\u00a0m\u011bsta v\u00a0okol\u00ed Prahy, ale i\u00a0\u00fapln\u00e9 vesni\u010dky\u00a0\u2013 B\u0159evnov, Podol\u00ed, Ko\u0161\u00ed\u0159e,\u201c vyjmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0159editel.<\/p>\n

15\u00a0milion\u016f speci\u00e1ln\u00edch cihel<\/p>\n

Podzemn\u00ed technologie, kter\u00e9 jsou a\u017e 13\u00a0metr\u016f hluboko, a\u00a0k tomu industri\u00e1ln\u00ed budova v\u00a0secesn\u00edm stylu se stav\u011bly p\u011bt let a\u00a0hotovo bylo v\u00a0roce 1906.<\/p>\n

\u201eFascinuje m\u011b, \u017ee cel\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo d\u011blali d\u011bln\u00edci jen pomoc\u00ed krump\u00e1\u010d\u016f, lopat a\u00a0kole\u010dek, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 bagry a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed podobnou techniku nem\u011bli,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Holub v\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvnick\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti s\u00a0pokladnou, kde jsou vystaveny historick\u00e9 fotografie ze stavby.<\/p>\n

\u201eI d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00fdd\u0159evy na v\u0161echny klenut\u00e9 stropy a\u00a0struktury jsou kr\u00e1snou p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou toho, \u017ee ne v\u0161echno, co je do\u010dasn\u00e9, je marn\u00e9. Truhl\u00e1\u0159i a\u00a0tesa\u0159i si s\u00a0nimi museli d\u00e1t velkou pr\u00e1ci, jakmile ale byli zedn\u00edci hotov\u00ed, v\u00fdd\u0159evy se odstranily a\u00a0z\u016fstaly jen ty cihly, kter\u00e9 vid\u00edme dneska,\u201c ukazuje na \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00e9 zdi z\u00a0nich vystav\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jsou p\u016fvodn\u00ed, na stavbu kanalizace a\u00a0\u010dist\u00edrny se jich vyu\u017eilo dohromady v\u00edc ne\u017e 15\u00a0milion\u016f. \u201e\u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se jim zvonivky, by\u0165 v\u00a0Brn\u011b si to pletou a\u00a0\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed jim zvonilky, jsou speci\u00e1ln\u011b zahu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9, tvrd\u00e9, dvakr\u00e1t p\u00e1len\u00e9, aby byly m\u00e1lo por\u00e9zn\u00ed, nenas\u00e1valy vodu a\u00a0byly ve vlhk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed odoln\u00e9,\u201c p\u0159ibli\u017euje.<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd \u010distil odpadn\u00ed i\u00a0de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu, fungoval do roku 1967, za provozu se inovoval, ale postupn\u011b p\u0159estal rostouc\u00ed metropoli sta\u010dit. Nov\u00e1 \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u010dist\u00edrna vznikla jen kousek za tou starou, na C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9m ostrov\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201eTakovou pikantnost\u00ed je, \u017ee ji sice s\u00a0velkou pompou otev\u0159eli, ale hned potom ji museli na dva roky zase zav\u0159\u00edt, proto\u017ee zjistili, \u017ee jim odpadn\u00ed voda prot\u00e9k\u00e1, kam by nem\u011bla, tak\u017ee star\u00e1 \u010dist\u00edrna slou\u017eila je\u0161t\u011b o\u00a0dva roky d\u00e9le,\u201c sm\u011bje se Holub.<\/p>\n

Opil\u00fd mu\u017e ve stoce<\/p>\n

Historick\u00e1 \u010dist\u00edrna v\u00a0Pap\u00edrensk\u00e9 ulici \u010d. 199\/6\u00a0je u\u017e \u0159adu let p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnosti k\u00a0prohl\u00eddk\u00e1m a\u00a0p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 d\u011btem i\u00a0dosp\u011bl\u00fdm, \u017ee \u010dist\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnost bez odpadu nen\u00ed samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed a\u00a0\u017ee jen p\u00e1r metr\u016f pod jejich nohama existuje sv\u00e9bytn\u00fd sv\u011bt. V\u00a0kv\u011btnu se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci 120.\u00a0v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed kon\u00e1 dokonce hudebn\u00ed prohl\u00eddka<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Po vstupu do \u201ez\u00e1me\u010dku\u201c, kter\u00fd nadzemn\u00ed budova trochu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, vejdou n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci do rozlehl\u00e9 reprezentativn\u00ed haly, kde se v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti kon\u00e1vaj\u00ed koncerty, oslavy \u010di svatby.<\/p>\n

\u201eD\u016fvod, pro\u010d je hala tak obrovsk\u00e1, je, \u017ee je pod n\u00e1mi ob\u0159\u00ed klenut\u00fd strop,\u00a0a\u00a0aby ta klenba nespadla, pot\u0159ebovali postavit t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed, a\u00a0to jsou ty st\u011bny. Je pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 a\u00a0takov\u00e1 b\u00fdvala i\u00a0za pln\u00e9ho provozu,\u201c vysv\u011btluje \u0159editel. A\u00a0bere n\u00e1s d\u00e1l, do p\u0159ilehl\u00e9 parn\u00ed strojovny s\u00a0kotelnou. I\u00a0kdy\u017e byla \u010dist\u00edrna z\u00e1hy elektrifikovan\u00e1, technologii 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed si tu rad\u011bji nechali.<\/p>\n

\u201eB\u00e1li se, \u017ee kdyby p\u0159i\u0161la povode\u0148, byla by cel\u00e1 oblast od\u0159\u00edznut\u00e1 od elekt\u0159iny a\u00a0bylo pot\u0159eba m\u00edt z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed pohon pro povod\u0148ov\u00e1 \u010derpadla,\u201c objas\u0148uje pr\u016fvodce. D\u00edky tomu najdete v\u00a0Buben\u010di parn\u00ed stroje, kter\u00e9 podle n\u011bj nejsou nikde jinde na sv\u011bt\u011b. V\u00a0kotli ob\u010das i\u00a0zatop\u00ed, ne\u017e se vytvo\u0159\u00ed dostatek p\u00e1ry na rozjet\u00ed stroje, trv\u00e1 to pr\u00fd p\u011bt hodin.<\/p>\n

William Heerlein LindleyFoto: Novinky<\/p>\n

Fotografie sira W. H. Lindleyho na panelu vystaven\u00e9m ve Star\u00e9 \u010dist\u00edrn\u011b<\/p>\n

Narodil se v roce 1853 v Hamburku, zem\u0159el v roce 1917 v Lond\u00fdn\u011b.Spolupracoval se sv\u00fdm otcem, W. Lindleym, kter\u00e9ho proslavily n\u00e1vrhy vodovod\u016f a kanalizac\u00ed v mnoha evropsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech.Roku 1893 p\u0159edlo\u017eil pra\u017esk\u00e9mu zastupitelstvu n\u00e1vrh projektu kanalizace v Praze.V dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed (\u010derven 1906) byla Star\u00e1 \u010dist\u00edrna pova\u017eov\u00e1na za technologicky nejvysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho druhu na evropsk\u00e9m kontinentu.Pod\u00edlel se tak\u00e9 na projektech vodovodn\u00edch \u010di kanaliza\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f ve Frankfurtu n. Mohanem, Hamburku, Var\u0161av\u011b, Lod\u017ei \u010di \u00e1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nsk\u00e9m Baku.<\/p>\n

A sm\u011b\u0159ujeme pod zem, kam \u00fastily stoky a\u00a0kde doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0samotn\u00e9mu mechanick\u00e9mu \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 dnes u\u017e se \u010dist\u00ed tak\u00e9 chemicky \u010di biologicky\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0to ve t\u0159ech kroc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u201ePrvn\u00ed stupe\u0148 jsou vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u010desle, tady se zachyt\u00e1valy ty nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, klasicky v\u011btve, hadry, potkani,\u201c ukazuje Holub. Ve \u010dty\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech k\u00a0nim p\u0159ibyl stroj, kter\u00fd pomohl zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm vytahovat tuny odpadu denn\u011b, co\u017e byla do t\u00e9 doby t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ru\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0h\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n

Za \u010deslemi \u010dekala hlubok\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e, \u201elap\u00e1k\u201c p\u00edsku a\u00a0\u0161t\u011brku. Materi\u00e1l z\u00a0tehdy nevyasfaltovan\u00fdch silnic se pral a\u00a0prod\u00e1val zp\u011bt cest\u00e1\u0159\u016fm. Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dnou f\u00e1z\u00ed bylo odstran\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bch nejjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dek, a\u00a0to v\u00a0podzemn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch za budovou.<\/p>\n

\u201eJedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0deset dlouh\u00fdch \u201aplaveck\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f\u2018, kde voda st\u00e1la t\u0159i dny, aby se kal odsedimentoval a\u00a0na povrchu z\u016fstala \u010dist\u00e1 voda. Ta tekla do Vltavy, zat\u00edmco kal z\u016fstal na dn\u011b, od\u010derpal se a\u00a0prod\u00e1val zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016fm jako hnojivo. Tanker kotvil na plavebn\u00edm kan\u00e1le, nebo se kal su\u0161il a\u00a0pak ho odvezly ko\u0148sk\u00e9 povozy,\u201c popisuje Holub, jak to d\u0159\u00edv fungovalo.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00e1 \u010dist\u00edrna je podle n\u011bj fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed, l\u00e1k\u00e1 i\u00a0filma\u0159e z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a\u00a0poj\u00ed se s\u00a0n\u00ed tak\u00e9\u00a0\u0159ada historek, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m jist\u011b b\u011bhem prohl\u00eddky r\u00e1d povypr\u00e1v\u00ed. Za v\u0161echny aspo\u0148 jedna: \u201eZdej\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159edn\u00ed stokou se \u00fadajn\u011b jednou nad r\u00e1nem vypot\u00e1cel opil\u00fd p\u00e1n, kter\u00fd n\u011bkde v\u00a0Praze vlezl do kan\u00e1lu, ani nev\u011bd\u011bl jak. Vy\u0161el tady, k\u00a0p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, a\u00a0byl zachr\u00e1n\u011bn,\u201c vzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na jeden ze z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eNutno dodat, \u017ee l\u00e9zt do kan\u00e1lu je hodn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0pros\u00edm opravdu to ned\u011blejte,\u201c varuje na z\u00e1v\u011br.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto bez kanalizace si asi m\u00e1lokdo z\u00a0n\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159edstavit. Odpad z\u00a0dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, d\u00edlen \u010di st\u00e1j\u00ed kon\u010d\u00edval v\u00a0tzv. trativodech…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80993,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[4025,1038,25734,7611,98,99],"class_list":{"0":"post-80992","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-praha","8":"tag-architektura","9":"tag-bubenec","10":"tag-cisticka-odpadnich-vod","11":"tag-kanalizace","12":"tag-prague","13":"tag-praha"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116548951290445793","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}