{"id":81224,"date":"2026-05-10T11:54:15","date_gmt":"2026-05-10T11:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/81224\/"},"modified":"2026-05-10T11:54:15","modified_gmt":"2026-05-10T11:54:15","slug":"pozary-elektrokol-rychle-pribyvaji-riziko-zvysuje-spatne-nabijeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/81224\/","title":{"rendered":"Po\u017e\u00e1ry elektrokol rychle p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Riziko zvy\u0161uje \u0161patn\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektrokola, elektrokolob\u011b\u017eky<\/a> a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed drobn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edky se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech staly b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dopravy. S\u00a0jejich rostouc\u00ed oblibou v\u0161ak p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 i\u00a0po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0roce 2019 hasi\u010di zasahovali u\u00a0\u010dty\u0159 takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, v\u00a0roce 2025 jich evidovali u\u017e 109. D\u00e1 se p\u0159itom p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee podobn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed bude d\u00e1l p\u0159ib\u00fdvat. Jen elektrokol se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b prod\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 100\u00a0tis\u00edc.<\/p>\n

Za vznikem po\u017e\u00e1ru ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f stoj\u00ed lithium-iontov\u00fd akumul\u00e1tor a\u00a0technick\u00e1 z\u00e1vada, kter\u00e1 se projev\u00ed v\u00a0d\u016fsledku nevhodn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli proto hraje zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup u\u017eivatel\u016f i\u00a0modern\u00ed technologie.<\/p>\n

\u201eLithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie jsou moment\u00e1ln\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbou pro pohon elektrokol. V\u00a0mal\u00e9m a\u00a0lehk\u00e9m balen\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017eou uchovat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, nemaj\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fd efekt a\u00a0nevad\u00ed jim ani p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e9 dob\u00edjen\u00ed. K\u00a0provozu kol s\u00a0t\u011bmito bateriemi je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba p\u0159istupovat zodpov\u011bdn\u011b,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Tom\u00e1\u0161 Jan\u010d\u00e1rek, str\u016fjce platformy ebikebezpecne.cz<\/a> a\u00a0z\u00e1stupce zna\u010dky Bosch eBike Systems pro \u010ceskou republiku.<\/p>\n

\"Jako<\/a>Jako u aut. \u010c\u00edna do p\u011bti let zv\u00e1lcuje evropsk\u00fd cyklobyznys, tvrd\u00ed z\u00e1stupce nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho \u010desk\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce kol<\/a><\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrozbu pro lithium-iontov\u00fd akumul\u00e1tor p\u0159edstavuje mechanick\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, vystaven\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m nebo kontakt s\u00a0vodou. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed baterie m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat takzvan\u00fd term\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fanik, tedy \u0159et\u011bzovou chemickou reakci, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se akumul\u00e1tor za\u010dne rychle p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edvat, uvol\u0148uje plyny a\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e1hle prudce vzplanout.<\/p>\n

Tvorba toxick\u00e9 pasti<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159i po\u017e\u00e1ru lithiov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru vznik\u00e1 tzv. toxick\u00e1 past, kdy se b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund m\u00edstnost zapln\u00ed hust\u00fdm toxick\u00fdm kou\u0159em, ve kter\u00e9m \u010dlov\u011bk okam\u017eit\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed orientaci. Pro hasi\u010de je probl\u00e9m, \u017ee po\u017e\u00e1r lithiov\u00e9 baterie prob\u00edh\u00e1 i\u00a0bez p\u0159\u00edstupu kysl\u00edku a\u00a0i\u00a0po uha\u0161en\u00ed plamen\u016f hroz\u00ed op\u011btovn\u00e9 rozho\u0159en\u00ed. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00edme \u010dasto na des\u00edtky hodin pono\u0159it do vodn\u00ed l\u00e1zn\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 plk. Ing. Martin Legner.<\/p>\n

Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 i\u00a0v\u00a0tom, \u017ee po\u017e\u00e1r m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout po n\u00e1razu, kter\u00fd baterii po\u0161kodil u\u017e p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny, ani\u017e by si u\u017eivatel n\u00e1sledk\u016f v\u0161iml. \u201eN\u00e1razem nebo vibracemi se vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura akumul\u00e1toru mnohdy naru\u0161\u00ed jen drobn\u011b. V\u00a0takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se probl\u00e9m s\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm nab\u00edjen\u00edm, zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm nebo nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00edm baterie postupn\u011b zhor\u0161uje. Pot\u00ed\u017ee se pak projev\u00ed a\u017e po del\u0161\u00edm \u010dase, typicky p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed, kdy je baterie nam\u00e1han\u00e1 nejv\u00edc. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 po ka\u017ed\u00e9m v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1razu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zkontrolovat a\u00a0p\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed na po\u0161kozen\u00ed ho d\u00e1l nepou\u017e\u00edvat ani nenab\u00edjet, dokud neprojde odborn\u00fdm servisem,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 plk. Ing. Ond\u0159ej \u0160afr\u00e1nek, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1rn\u011b technick\u00fdch expertiz z\u00a0Technick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed ochrany.<\/p>\n

Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti se sna\u017e\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrobci. Modern\u00ed baterie jsou vybaveny syst\u00e9mem spr\u00e1vy baterie, tedy Battery Management Systemem. Ten neust\u00e1le sleduje jejich stav a\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hroz\u00edc\u00edho probl\u00e9mu dok\u00e1\u017ee syst\u00e9m okam\u017eit\u011b odpojit. Podle Tom\u00e1\u0161e Jan\u010d\u00e1rka renomovan\u00ed v\u00fdrobci podrobuj\u00ed akumul\u00e1tory st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm test\u016fm a\u00a0kvalitn\u00ed zna\u010dky vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vysoce automatizovanou produkci, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky skl\u00e1daj\u00ed roboti. T\u00edm se minimalizuje riziko lidsk\u00e9 chyby. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 baterie nav\u00edc proch\u00e1z\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm laboratorn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n

\u201eBaterie vystavujeme extr\u00e9mn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m, proud\u016fm tlakov\u00e9 vody, mechanick\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed i\u00a0p\u00e1d\u016fm na tvrd\u00fd povrch. V\u0161e pe\u010dliv\u011b m\u011b\u0159\u00edme a\u00a0vyhodnocujeme, abychom mohli neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161ovat jejich bezpe\u010dnost,\u201c popisuje Jan\u010d\u00e1rek.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1stupci hasi\u010d\u016f i\u00a0v\u00fdrobc\u016f se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee velk\u00e9 riziko p\u0159edstavuje tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed neorigin\u00e1ln\u00edho a\u00a0necertifikovan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed nebo repase. Baterie je velmi komplexn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. P\u0159i jej\u00edm otev\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0naru\u0161en\u00ed mechanick\u00e9, tepeln\u00e9 i\u00a0elektrick\u00e9 izolace nebo k\u00a0poru\u0161en\u00ed ochrany proti vniknut\u00ed vody. Neodborn\u00fd z\u00e1sah m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt tak\u00e9 vliv na garanci od v\u00fdrobce.<\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je sledovat baterii<\/p>\n

Riziko po\u017e\u00e1ru lze omezit u\u017e t\u00edm, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pravideln\u011b sledovat. Varovn\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem je zejm\u00e9na v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed, deformace nebo nafouknut\u00ed baterie, \u0161tiplav\u00fd chemick\u00fd z\u00e1pach \u010di nestandardn\u00ed zvuky, nap\u0159\u00edklad sy\u010den\u00ed nebo prask\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud se podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky objev\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed okam\u017eit\u011b odpojit, p\u0159estat ho pou\u017e\u00edvat, um\u00edstit ho na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edsto mimo byt a\u00a0mimo dosah ho\u0159lav\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a\u00a0nechat ho zkontrolovat v\u00a0servisu.<\/p>\n

Elektrokola a\u00a0elektrokolob\u011b\u017eky by lid\u00e9 nem\u011bli nech\u00e1vat v\u00a0\u00fanikov\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch, nap\u0159\u00edklad na chodb\u00e1ch nebo v\u00a0p\u0159eds\u00edn\u00edch, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed. Po\u017e\u00e1ry lithium-iontov\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f b\u00fdvaj\u00ed velmi rychl\u00e9 a\u00a0intenzivn\u00ed. B\u011bhem kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby se p\u0159i nich z\u00e1rove\u0148 uvol\u0148uje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed toxick\u00fdch zplodin, kter\u00e9 mohou zaplnit prostor domu nebo bytu a\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u011b zt\u00ed\u017eit orientaci i\u00a0evakuaci osob.<\/p>\n

\"\u0160koda<\/a>\u0160koda se mus\u00ed poprv\u00e9 kr\u00fdt proti \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 m\u011bn\u011b. Baterie tvo\u0159\u00ed a\u017e 40\u00a0procent n\u00e1klad\u016f na elektroauto<\/a><\/p>\n

Rizikov\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed v\u00a0noci, bez dozoru nebo v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti ho\u0159lav\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. P\u0159ed odchodem z\u00a0domova nebo p\u0159ed span\u00edm je v\u017edy bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odpojit nab\u00edje\u010dku ze z\u00e1suvky i\u00a0z\u00a0elektrokola. Pokud u\u017e k\u00a0po\u017e\u00e1ru dojde a\u00a0je to bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, m\u011bli by lid\u00e9 ihned odpojit nab\u00edje\u010dku ze z\u00e1suvky.<\/p>\n

Hasi\u010di z\u00e1rove\u0148 varuj\u00ed, aby lid\u00e9 v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b po\u017e\u00e1ru lithiov\u00e9 baterie nep\u0159ece\u0148ovali sv\u00e9 s\u00edly. Jde o\u00a0chemick\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd nepot\u0159ebuje kysl\u00edk z\u00a0okol\u00ed. B\u011b\u017en\u00fd pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstroj ho proto obvykle neuhas\u00ed, pouze zpomal\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed do okol\u00ed. Pokud si \u010dlov\u011bk nen\u00ed stoprocentn\u011b jist\u00fd, \u017ee situaci zvl\u00e1dne, m\u011bl by prostor opustit, zav\u0159\u00edt za sebou dve\u0159e, varovat sousedy a\u00a0volat linku 150 nebo 112.<\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je tak\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0akumul\u00e1tor. Baterii nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 nech\u00e1vat \u00fapln\u011b vyb\u00edt do nuly a\u00a0p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm nab\u00edjen\u00edm by ji m\u011bl u\u017eivatel zkontrolovat, zda nen\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad po p\u00e1du nebo n\u00e1razu. P\u0159i del\u0161\u00edm nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tor z\u00a0kola vyjmout a\u00a0skladovat ho v\u00a0such\u00e9, dob\u0159e v\u011btran\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti s\u00a0teplotou mezi nulou a\u00a0dvaceti stupni, ide\u00e1ln\u011b vybaven\u00e9 detektorem kou\u0159e. Kv\u016fli n\u00edzk\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m je lep\u0161\u00ed skladovat akumul\u00e1tor v\u00a0gar\u00e1\u017ei nebo ve sklep\u011b ne\u017e v\u00a0obytn\u00fdch m\u00edstnostech.<\/p>\n

Kontakt s\u00a0kovov\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty<\/p>\n

Elektrokolo ani samotnou baterii by u\u017eivatel\u00e9 nem\u011bli skladovat nebo nab\u00edjet v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti voln\u011b polo\u017een\u00fdch kovov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, jako jsou kl\u00ed\u010de, \u0161rouby nebo n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 hl\u00eddat, aby konektory a\u00a0akumul\u00e1tor nebyly mokr\u00e9. P\u0159i p\u0159evozu elektrokola na nosi\u010di automobilu je proto vhodn\u00e9 baterii kv\u016fli ochran\u011b p\u0159ed de\u0161t\u011bm vyjmout. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 by se m\u011bli vyhnout i\u00a0\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed elektrokola proudem vody.<\/p>\n

Akumul\u00e1tor by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt vystaven p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ani dal\u0161\u00edm tepeln\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm. P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm je vhodn\u00e9 ho z\u00a0kola vyndat a\u00a0nikdy ho nem\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm proudem vody. Po skon\u010den\u00ed \u017eivotnosti nav\u00edc nepat\u0159\u00ed do domovn\u00edho odpadu. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 by ho m\u011bli vr\u00e1tit prodejci nebo odevzdat do sb\u011brn\u00e9ho dvora.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i omezov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edho rizika hraje i\u00a0kvalita samotn\u00e9ho bateriov\u00e9ho dopravn\u00edho prost\u0159edku. Elektrokola a\u00a0elektrokolob\u011b\u017eky jsou sofistikovan\u00e1 elektronika, u\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na kvalit\u011b komponent, materi\u00e1l\u016f, v\u00fdrobn\u00edho postupu i\u00a0v\u00fdstupn\u00ed kontrole.<\/p>\n

Pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edka p\u0159itom nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 poznat, kter\u00fd v\u00fdrobek je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd. M\u016f\u017ee se p\u00eddit po certifik\u00e1tech kvality, laboratorn\u00edch testech nebo d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat renomovan\u00e9 zna\u010dce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by se m\u011bl vyhnout l\u00e1kav\u011b levn\u00fdm produkt\u016fm z\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch webov\u00fdch tr\u017ei\u0161\u0165, jako je Temu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito cestami se mohou dost\u00e1vat na trh v\u00fdrobky, kter\u00e9 nejsou schv\u00e1len\u00e9 pro prodej v\u00a0EU a\u00a0ignoruj\u00ed legislativn\u00ed i\u00a0technologick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. I\u00a0kv\u016fli tomu mohou b\u00fdt v\u00fdrazn\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m je v\u00a0tom, \u017ee z\u00e1kazn\u00edk tuto volbu d\u011bl\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi. Na obr\u00e1zku v\u00a0e-shopu mohou dv\u011b elektrick\u00e9 kolob\u011b\u017eky vypadat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b. Ob\u011b mohou m\u00edt uvedenou maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost 25\u00a0kilometr\u016f v\u00a0hodin\u011b a v\u00fdkon 250\u00a0watt\u016f, tedy hodnoty ur\u010den\u00e9 legislativou. Zd\u00e1nliv\u011b se li\u0161\u00ed jen designem, jedna ale stoj\u00ed 12\u00a0tis\u00edc korun a\u00a0druh\u00e1 p\u011bt tis\u00edc.<\/p>\n

Jde o\u00a0krajn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, na n\u011bm\u017e je rozd\u00edl snadno vid\u011bt. Re\u00e1ln\u00e1 situace na trhu je v\u0161ak slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Prostor mezi levn\u00fdm a\u00a0dra\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobkem vypl\u0148uj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed produkty a\u00a0naj\u00edt spr\u00e1vn\u00fd pom\u011br mezi cenou, parametry a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnost\u00ed nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Elektrokola, elektrokolob\u011b\u017eky a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed drobn\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edky se v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech staly b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dopravy. S\u00a0jejich rostouc\u00ed oblibou v\u0161ak…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":81225,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[43,42,41,40,25778,571,25779,735,25777],"class_list":["post-81224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-dopravni-prostredek","tag-evropska-unie","tag-martin-legner","tag-pozar","tag-robert-bosch"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116550150594818939","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81224"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81224\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}