{"id":81256,"date":"2026-05-10T12:28:09","date_gmt":"2026-05-10T12:28:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/81256\/"},"modified":"2026-05-10T12:28:09","modified_gmt":"2026-05-10T12:28:09","slug":"tyden-tradera-nvidia-amd-i-intel-tahnou-indexy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/81256\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fdden tradera: NVIDIA, AMD i Intel t\u00e1hnou indexy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kdy\u017e dnes pozn\u00e1v\u00e1me genetick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady nemoc\u00ed a mo\u017enosti jejich l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed, je to tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sluha Craiga Ventera, sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00e9ho americk\u00e9ho genetika a drav\u00e9ho podnikatele. M\u011bl neot\u0159el\u00e9 n\u00e1pady a neot\u0159esitelnou sebed\u016fv\u011bru. Za pen\u00edze soukrom\u00fdch investor\u016f posunul genetick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed bl\u00ed\u017e k praktick\u00fdm aplikac\u00edm a p\u0159edhonil v\u00fdzkumy financovan\u00e9 ze st\u00e1tn\u00edch grant\u016f. Ov\u0161em investory \u010dasto zklamal. Zem\u0159el minul\u00fd t\u00fdden.<\/p>\n

\u017divotopisy Craiga Ventera (narozen 1946) p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee nebyl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1kem. Pak byl povol\u00e1n do arm\u00e1dy a slou\u017eil ve vietnamsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce jako zdravotn\u00edk. Zaujala jej pr\u00e1ce l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, a kdy\u017e se vr\u00e1til dom\u016f, za\u010dal studovat biologii. Stal se v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdm pracovn\u00edkem a pozd\u011bji i univerzitn\u00edm profesorem.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pak, u\u017e po pades\u00e1tce, p\u0159i\u0161el jeho hv\u011bzdn\u00fd moment. Na konci tis\u00edcilet\u00ed se toti\u017e bl\u00ed\u017eil ke sv\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd \u00fakol \u2013 popis lidsk\u00e9ho genomu neboli souboru gen\u016f (d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka). V roce 1989 vznikl mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed projekt, financovan\u00fd hlavn\u011b z americk\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch pen\u011bz, kter\u00fd za\u010dal mapovat lidsk\u00fd genom. Byla to mraven\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. V roce 1998 v\u0161ak Craig Venter zalo\u017eil soukromou spole\u010dnost Celera Genomics a prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee te\u010f se do toho d\u00e1 on. Koleg\u016fm z mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho projektu doporu\u010dil, aby lu\u0161tili geny my\u0161\u00ed a d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed lidsk\u00fd genom nechali jemu, proto\u017ee to zvl\u00e1dne l\u00e9pe a rychleji.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Osobn\u00ed nevra\u017eivost pak poh\u00e1n\u011bla oba t\u00fdmy \u2013 velk\u00fd mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u011bl rozpo\u010det t\u0159i miliardy dolar\u016f, i mal\u00fd Venter\u016fv, kter\u00fd disponoval 300 miliony dolar\u016f ze soukrom\u00fdch investic. Ka\u017ed\u00fd postupoval jinou technikou. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b: Ve\u0159ejn\u00fd projekt nejd\u0159\u00edve rozd\u011blil genom na \u00faseky, jejich\u017e polohu a p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b zmapoval, a pak tyto \u00faseky rozbil na mal\u00e9 fragmenty, kter\u00e9 \u0161lo popsat. Celera takov\u00e9 mapov\u00e1n\u00ed vynechala, genom rovnou fragmentovala a cel\u00fd \u00fasek pak skl\u00e1dala pomoc\u00ed superpo\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Takto se to obvykle d\u011bl\u00e1 i dnes.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Do sporu se vlo\u017eili politikov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pochopili, \u017ee jde o projekt d\u011bjinn\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu, a p\u0159im\u011bli veden\u00ed obou t\u00fdm\u016f k domluv\u011b. V roce 2000 publikovaly ob\u011b skupiny mapu podstatn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti lidsk\u00e9ho genomu sou\u010dasn\u011b. \u017de lidstvo zn\u00e1 sv\u016fj genetick\u00fd k\u00f3d, ozn\u00e1mili tehdej\u0161\u00ed americk\u00fd prezident Bill Clinton a britsk\u00fd premi\u00e9r Tony Blair (p\u0159ipojen\u00fd p\u0159es videohovor) za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti Craiga Ventera i vedouc\u00edho mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho projektu Francise Collinse.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\t\"\u201eNesmrteln\u00fd\u201c<\/p>\n

\t\tM\u016f\u017ee pomoci klimatu i pivu. \u201eNesmrteln\u00fd\u201c je\u010dmen z Han\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed z laborato\u0159e na pole
\n\t\tEnjoy<\/a><\/p>\n

Dv\u011b unik\u00e1tn\u00ed linie geneticky upraven\u00e9ho je\u010dmene vyseli tento t\u00fdden na mal\u00e9m pokusn\u00e9m poli v\u011bdci z \u00dastavu experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed botaniky Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR v Olomouci. Jde o d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd odborn\u00fd experiment, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b i o pokus prolomit nechu\u0165 evropsk\u00fdch spot\u0159ebitel\u016f i regula\u010dn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f ke genetick\u00e9mu in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch plodin.<\/p>\n

Josef Tu\u010dek<\/p>\n

\tP\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a><\/p>\n

Nevyda\u0159en\u00e9 patentov\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0<\/p>\n

Venter se stal slavn\u00fdm. Ale investory zklamal. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee geny p\u016fjde patentovat, tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo bude jejich znalost\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvat t\u0159eba p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b l\u00e9k\u016f, zaplat\u00ed Cele\u0159e licen\u010dn\u00ed poplatky. Jenom\u017ee patentov\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady nakonec rozhodly, \u017ee geny jsou p\u0159irozen\u00e9 a nikdo je nem\u016f\u017ee prohl\u00e1sit za sv\u00e9 vlastnictv\u00ed. Celera vyd\u011blala na jin\u00fdch patentech genetick\u00fdch postup\u016f, ale m\u00ed\u0148, ne\u017e se \u010dekalo. A tak dali investo\u0159i v roce 2002 Venterovi z j\u00edm zalo\u017een\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee Celera p\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu pou\u017e\u00edvala genomy p\u011bti lid\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch ras, z nich\u017e jedn\u00edm byl s\u00e1m Venter. A jeho genom byl pozd\u011bji publikov\u00e1n jako \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00ed kompletn\u00ed. Co\u017e nep\u0159ekvapilo, ani jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 jej nemohli podez\u0159\u00edvat ze skromnosti.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Z anal\u00fdzy se dozv\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee mu hroz\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed Alzheimerovou chorobou, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost poruchy srdce, vyhl\u00eddka na onemocn\u011bn\u00ed makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 po\u0161kozuje oko, i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko asoci\u00e1ln\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Za\u010dal tedy u\u017e\u00edvat l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 rizika sni\u017euj\u00ed, zalo\u017eil n\u011bkolik nov\u00fdch soukrom\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a \u00fastav\u016f, z nich\u017e jeden pojmenoval po sob\u011b (J. Craig Venter Institute) a pustil se do dal\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f, p\u0159i nich\u017e spolupracoval se \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdmi v\u011bdci a s\u00e1m zast\u00e1val zejm\u00e9na mana\u017eersk\u00e9 role.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\t\"Geneti\u010dt\u00ed<\/p>\n

\t\tGeneti\u010dt\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i nau\u010dili bakterie levn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bt z\u0159ejm\u011b zdrav\u00fd n\u00edzkokalorick\u00fd cukr
\n\t\tN\u00e1zory<\/a><\/p>\n

Neomezen\u011b si pochutn\u00e1vat na sladk\u00e9m a neohro\u017eovat t\u00edm sv\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed ani linii \u2013 to je sen mnoha lid\u00ed. Podobn\u011b jako cp\u00e1t se tu\u010dn\u00fdmi j\u00eddly a netloustnout. V\u011bda a pr\u016fmysl nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Jenom\u017ee ne v\u017edy se uk\u00e1\u017eou jako funk\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Josef Tu\u010dek<\/p>\n

\tP\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a><\/p>\n

Um\u011bl\u00fd \u017eivot\u00a0<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z jeho n\u00e1pad\u016f bylo mapov\u00e1n\u00ed gen\u016f mo\u0159sk\u00fdch mikroorganism\u016f. Poslal svou luxusn\u00ed jachtu do Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, aby sb\u00edrala vzorky. Jachta kupodivu nenesla jeho jm\u00e9no, ale pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed Sorcerer (\u010darod\u011bj). Neanalyzoval v\u0161ak ka\u017ed\u00fd mikroorganismus zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, to by bylo moc drah\u00e9. V laborato\u0159i v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci vzorky prost\u011b namixovali a DNA mapovali najednou. Z\u00edskali tak datab\u00e1zi gen\u016f, kter\u00e9 v mikroorganismech celkov\u011b existuj\u00ed, aby teprve pozd\u011bji dal\u0161\u00edmi v\u00fdzkumy ur\u010dil jejich vlastnosti a mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed. I tento postup se st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ve sv\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Synthetic Genomics zkoumal, jak by \u0161lo v laborato\u0159i vytvo\u0159it mikroorganismy na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u0159eba bakterie \u201enaprogramovan\u00e9\u201c tak, aby odstranily chemick\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a pak spo\u0159\u00e1dan\u011b zahynuly a nep\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eely.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Za 600 milion\u016f dolar\u016f sl\u00edben\u00fdch od ropn\u00e9ho koncernu Exxon Mobil a dal\u0161\u00ed pen\u00edze od ropn\u00e9ho koncernu BP se sna\u017eil upravit genom mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0159as tak, aby v nich z oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho sta\u017een\u00e9ho ze vzduchu vznikala ropa. Ta by se zpracov\u00e1vala v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch rafin\u00e9ri\u00edch, p\u00e1lila v automobilov\u00fdch motorech, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 m\u011bnit sou\u010dasn\u00e9 technologie, a nahradila by tak fosiln\u00ed paliva. Nepovedlo se a ropn\u00e9 koncerny svou podporu sn\u00ed\u017eily na (bl\u00ed\u017ee neur\u010den\u00fd) zlomek p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V jin\u00e9 sv\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, Human Longevity, se zab\u00fdval t\u00edm, jak i d\u00edky genetick\u00fdm a dal\u0161\u00edm znalostem prodlou\u017eit lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vlo\u017eil do v\u00fdzkumu i sv\u00e1 osobn\u00ed data. D\u00edky tomu v roce 2016 zjistil, \u017ee m\u00e1 n\u00e1dor prostaty, kter\u00fd b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 testy nezachytily. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b si zachr\u00e1nil \u017eivot.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\t\"V\u011bdci<\/p>\n

\t\tPalivo pro auta vyroben\u00e9 ze slunce, vzduchu a vody? V\u011bdci \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, jak na to
\n\t\tMoney<\/a><\/p>\n

Evropa hled\u00e1 n\u00e1hradu za rusk\u00fd zemn\u00ed plyn a ropu. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by mohly pomoci nov\u00e9 technologie \u2013 t\u0159eba palivo vyroben\u00e9 fotosynt\u00e9zou v tov\u00e1rn\u011b. A v\u016fbec to nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u00fapln\u00e9 sci-fi.<\/p>\n

Josef Tu\u010dek<\/p>\n

\tP\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a><\/p>\n

\u017divot na sinusoid\u011b\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u00e1 se \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina jeho n\u00e1pad\u016f nevy\u0161la tak, jak si to p\u0159edstavoval. P\u0159esto \u010dasopis The Economist poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1<\/a>, \u017ee Venter\u016fv majetek se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch obdob\u00edch pohyboval ve stovk\u00e1ch milion\u016f dolar\u016f. M\u011bl luxusn\u00ed s\u00eddla, jachty i soukrom\u00e9 letadlo. Ale za\u017eil tak\u00e9 soudn\u00ed spor, v n\u011bm\u017e jej v roce 2018 spole\u010dnost Human Longevity pot\u00e9, co z n\u00ed ode\u0161el, ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b \u017ealovala<\/a>\u00a0kv\u016fli kr\u00e1de\u017ei obchodn\u00edho tajemstv\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Celkov\u011b to v\u0161ak nepochybn\u011b byl vizion\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd v\u00fdrazn\u011b vylep\u0161il genetick\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy a posunul jejich v\u00fdsledky k vyu\u017eit\u00ed v praxi.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed, ve v\u011bku nedo\u017eit\u00fdch 80 let, zem\u0159el v San Diegu na bl\u00ed\u017ee neur\u010den\u00fd n\u00e1dor. Tentokr\u00e1t mu jeho v\u00fdzkumy, v nich\u017e pokra\u010doval a\u017e do konce \u017eivota, nepomohly.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\t\t\"\"<\/p>\n

\t\tChcete zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b d\u00edky z\u00e1sahu do jeho gen\u016f? Nab\u00eddka se chyst\u00e1. Ale je na hran\u011b
\n\t\tN\u00e1zory<\/a><\/p>\n

U\u017e t\u0159et\u00ed spole\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 chce geneticky upravovat d\u011bti, vznikla letos v USA d\u00edky investic\u00edm podnikatel\u016f z technologick\u00fdch firem. Mo\u017en\u00e1 se z toho vyklube dobr\u00fd byznys, kter\u00fd prosp\u011bje lidsk\u00e9mu zdrav\u00ed. Ale zat\u00edm to sp\u00ed\u0161e vypad\u00e1 na velk\u00e9, av\u0161ak nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 sny, p\u00ed\u0161e v anal\u00fdze pro Newstream v\u011bdeck\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159 Josef Tu\u010dek. <\/p>\n

Josef Tu\u010dek<\/p>\n

\tP\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek<\/a><\/p>\n

VY\u0160EL JARN\u00cd NEWSTREAM CLUB\u00a0<\/p>\n

Soukrom\u00ed je nov\u00fd luxus. A mo\u017en\u00e1 i nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dovednost dne\u0161ka.<\/p>\n

Jarn\u00ed vyd\u00e1n\u00ed magaz\u00ednu Newstream CLUB<\/a> se zam\u011b\u0159uje na t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 dnes \u0159e\u0161\u00ed miliard\u00e1\u0159i i b\u011b\u017en\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u2013 jak si uchovat vlastn\u00ed prostor v dob\u011b, kdy jsme neust\u00e1le online. Soukrom\u00e9 kluby, tich\u00e9 byty, digit\u00e1ln\u00ed detox i \u017eivot na o\u010d\u00edch ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n

V nov\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme rozhovory s Vendulou Pizingerovou, youtuberem Tarym nebo zakladatelem Smarty.cz Petrem Syr\u016f\u010dkem. Nechyb\u00ed inspirace ze sv\u011bta byznysu, stylu ani cestov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 a tak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed tipy, jak si soukrom\u00ed znovu vz\u00edt zp\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Jeden\u00e1ct\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dtvrtletn\u00edku Newstream CLUB je v prodeji na st\u00e1nc\u00edch i v online distribuci Send, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 titul tak\u00e9 p\u0159edplatit.\u00a0Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed verzi magaz\u00ednu lze zakoupit p\u0159\u00edmo na webu newstream.cz.<\/p>\n

Na dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo magaz\u00ednu se m\u016f\u017eete t\u011b\u0161it v \u010dervnu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Kdy\u017e dnes pozn\u00e1v\u00e1me genetick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady nemoc\u00ed a mo\u017enosti jejich l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed, je to tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sluha Craiga Ventera, sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00e9ho…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":81257,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[842,412,3204,67,68,605,4142,6866,25781,6977,17597,2495,25780,4130,845],"class_list":{"0":"post-81256","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-byznys","8":"tag-ai","9":"tag-akcie","10":"tag-amd","11":"tag-business","12":"tag-byznys","13":"tag-cipy","14":"tag-csg","15":"tag-geopoliticke-napeti","16":"tag-indexy","17":"tag-intel","18":"tag-krystof-misek","19":"tag-nvidia","20":"tag-pametove-cipy","21":"tag-trhy","22":"tag-umela-inteligence"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116550284515074413","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81256"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81256\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/81257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=81256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=81256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}