{"id":88581,"date":"2026-05-17T15:31:08","date_gmt":"2026-05-17T15:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/88581\/"},"modified":"2026-05-17T15:31:08","modified_gmt":"2026-05-17T15:31:08","slug":"kovovy-srot-se-stava-zlatem-evropa-ho-pritom-vyvazi-rika-tykacuv-muz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/88581\/","title":{"rendered":"Kovov\u00fd \u0161rot se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zlatem. Evropa ho p\u0159itom vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Tyka\u010d\u016fv mu\u017e"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hu\u0165 ve walesk\u00e9m Cardiffu, elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 pece, lod\u011b pendluj\u00edc\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva t\u00fddny mezi Norskem a\u00a0Finskem se \u0161rotem a\u00a0hotovou ocel\u00ed. Tak vypad\u00e1 provoz, kter\u00fd pod \u010deskou skupinou Sev.en Global Investments \u0159\u00edd\u00ed Libor \u010cern\u00fd, \u0161\u00e9f jej\u00ed ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 divize.<\/p>\n

A pr\u00e1v\u011b britsk\u00e9 s\u00eddlo \u010desk\u00e9 skupiny v\u00a0Cardiffu je odrazov\u00fdm m\u016fstkem pro mnohem ambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed krok. Sev.en chce z\u00edskat zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00e9 britsk\u00e9 hut\u011b a\u00a0st\u00e1t se nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobcem oceli ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00fd majetek<\/p>\n

Britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se ocitla v\u00a0prek\u00e9rn\u00ed pozici, kdy\u017e loni v\u00a0dubnu fakticky zn\u00e1rodnila hu\u0165 Scunthorpe ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Anglii, co\u017e byl posledn\u00ed velk\u00fd, a\u00a0tak\u00e9 vysoce prod\u011ble\u010dn\u00fd provoz s\u00a0vysokou pec\u00ed v\u00a0zemi. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed vlastn\u00edk, \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 skupina Jingye, odm\u00edtla st\u00e1tn\u00ed pomoc ve v\u00fd\u0161i 500\u00a0milion\u016f liber a\u00a0chystala se pec zav\u0159\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da Keira Starmera p\u0159ed p\u00e1r dny ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee chce kontrolu nad hut\u00ed legalizovat a\u00a0p\u0159evz\u00edt provoz \u00fapln\u011b. Starmer toti\u017e pova\u017euje ocel\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed za v\u011bc n\u00e1rodn\u00edho z\u00e1jmu. Da\u0148ov\u00ed poplatn\u00edci v\u0161ak u\u017e na udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed firmy v\u00a0chodu utratili 419\u00a0milion\u016f liber (12\u00a0miliard korun), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed sumy bude nutn\u00e9 investovat do modernizace pec\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Tyka\u010dova skupina nab\u00eddla, \u017ee provozy p\u0159evezme. \u201eJsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme pro vl\u00e1du b\u00fdt spolehliv\u00fdm partnerem,\u201c uvedl pro den\u00edk Guardian \u0161\u00e9f Sev.en Global Investments Alan Svoboda. Skupina pl\u00e1nuje investovat do sv\u00fdch hut\u00ed v\u00a0Cardiffu 100\u00a0milion\u016f liber a\u00a0nazna\u010duje, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed \u201estovky milion\u016f liber\u201c by mohla investovat v\u00a0r\u00e1mci akvizic.<\/p>\n

Tyka\u010d je u\u017e dnes v\u00a0Brit\u00e1nii nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrobcem oceli v\u00a0elektrick\u00fdch obloukov\u00fdch pec\u00edch. Zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1\u00a0600\u00a0zam\u011bstnanc\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch asi 5\u00a0500\u00a0je na jeho hut\u011b nav\u00e1z\u00e1no. \u201eBrit\u00e1nii vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako zaj\u00edmav\u00fd ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd trh,\u201c potvrzuje v\u00a0rozhovoru pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy Libor \u010cern\u00fd, \u0159editel ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u011btve Tyka\u010dovy skupiny.<\/p>\n

Jak funguje obloukov\u00e1 pec<\/p>\n

Elektrick\u00e1 obloukov\u00e1 pec (EAF) funguje na principu taven\u00ed materi\u00e1lu pomoc\u00ed tepla elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku, kter\u00fd ho\u0159\u00ed mezi nap\u00e1jec\u00edmi elektrodami a\u00a0vs\u00e1zkou (zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdm kovem). Elektrick\u00fd proud proch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159es oh\u0159\u00edvan\u00fd materi\u00e1l, co\u017e generuje extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty dosahuj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e 3\u00a0000\u00a0\u00b0C a\u017e 3\u00a0500\u00a0\u00b0C. To umo\u017e\u0148uje rychl\u00e9 roztaven\u00ed kovov\u00e9ho \u0161rotu nebo redukovan\u00e9ho \u017eeleza. <\/p>\n

Ocel\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v\u00a0Evrop\u011b v\u00a0minul\u00fdch letech upadalo hlavn\u011b kv\u016fli levn\u00e9mu dovozu z\u00a0Turecka, \u010c\u00edny a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. Tyto st\u00e1ty \u010dasto ceny dotovaly, aby mohly evropsk\u00fdm hut\u00edm konkurovat. To se ale postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee Evropsk\u00e1 unie i\u00a0Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie zav\u00e1d\u00ed ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 proti dumpingu.<\/p>\n

Narovn\u00e1n\u00ed trhu neboli pravidla nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 proti st\u00e1t\u016fm, kter\u00e9 dov\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed do Evropy levnou a\u00a0subvencovanou ocel, pom\u016f\u017ee evropsk\u00fdm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm v\u010detn\u011b britsk\u00fdch. Znovu by mohli b\u00fdt v\u00fdrazn\u011b profitabiln\u00ed a\u00a0to i\u00a0p\u0159esto, \u017ee budou vyr\u00e1b\u011bt ocel ekologick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. \u201eJe m\u00fdtus, \u017ee zelen\u00e1 ocel je dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk plat\u00ed jednu cenu, kter\u00e1 je tr\u017en\u00ed. Pro ceny na trhu zkr\u00e1tka nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, jestli je ocel zelen\u00e1, nebo ne,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

T\u0159i zbran\u011b BruseluU\u017e od roku 2018 plat\u00ed na ocel dovozn\u00ed kv\u00f3ty. Av\u0161ak jejich mechanismus nebyl efektivn\u00ed. Kv\u00f3ty m\u00edrn\u011b rostly, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e evropsk\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka klesala. Doplatily na to evropsk\u00e9 hut\u011b, kdy se vyu\u017eit\u00ed kapacit hut\u00ed propadlo zhruba z 80 na 60 procent. \u201ePo velk\u00e9m tlaku v\u00fdrobc\u016f a v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed zdrav\u00e9ho rozumu do\u0161lo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch kv\u00f3t v pr\u016fm\u011bru o 47 procent, tedy skoro o polovinu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0161\u00e9f ocel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 divize Sev.en Global Investments Libor \u010cern\u00fd. Nad r\u00e1mec kv\u00f3ty bude nov\u011b platit clo 50 procent. Dovozn\u00ed kv\u00f3ty do EU klesnou o 14 milion\u016f tun ro\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 procent\u016fm evropsk\u00e9 spot\u0159eby. Opat\u0159en\u00ed je z\u010d\u00e1sti reakc\u00ed na Trumpova cla. Bez ochrany evropsk\u00e9ho trhu by se levn\u00e1 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1, indick\u00e1 nebo al\u017e\u00edrsk\u00e1 ocel \u2013 p\u016fvodn\u011b m\u00ed\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do USA \u2013 p\u0159elila na evropsk\u00fd kontinent. \u201eAl\u017e\u00edrsko je p\u0159itom p\u0159\u00edpad m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd ne\u017e \u010c\u00edna. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed deseti lety ocel dov\u00e1\u017eelo, dnes ji ve velk\u00e9m vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. Maj\u00ed dostatek zemn\u00edho plynu, vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159es p\u0159\u00edmou redukci \u017eelezn\u00e9 rudy, jsou relativn\u011b levn\u00ed a bl\u00edzko,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u010cern\u00fd.Uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 clo (CBAM). Tento mechanismus zda\u0148uje ocel vyrobenou mimo EU s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed uhl\u00edkovou stopou. Dosud sice existovaly emisn\u00ed povolenky, ale evropsk\u00e9 hut\u011b dost\u00e1valy od vl\u00e1d bezplatn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edd\u011bly, tak\u017ee fakticky vlastn\u011b nefungovaly. To se m\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edd\u011bly budou ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b klesat (v prvn\u00edm roce o 2,5 %, pak rychleji) a soub\u011b\u017en\u011b poroste \u201eclo\u201c za nezelenou importovanou ocel. \u201ePokud Evropa tla\u010d\u00ed vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdrobce do zelen\u00fdch investic a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dovol\u00ed dovoz oceli, kter\u00e1 zelen\u00e1 nen\u00ed, je to nonsens. Tak to prost\u011b fungovat nem\u016f\u017ee,\u201c komentuje \u010cern\u00fd.Pravidlo p\u016fvodu (Melt and Pour). Toto opat\u0159en\u00ed, o jeho\u017e zaveden\u00ed se uva\u017euje na podzim leto\u0161n\u00edho roku, m\u00e1 b\u00fdt nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Dosud plat\u00ed, \u017ee p\u016fvodem ocelov\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobku je m\u00edsto, kde byl naposledy v\u00e1lcov\u00e1n. To otev\u00edr\u00e1 prostor pro obch\u00e1zen\u00ed, proto\u017ee \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 ocel se jako polotovar doveze do Evropy, zde se p\u0159ev\u00e1lcuje a v\u00fdrobek je \u201emade in EU\u201c. \u201ePo zaveden\u00ed pravidla melt and pour bude p\u016fvod ur\u010den m\u00edstem, kde byla ocel roztavena a odlita,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1.Zelen\u00fd Tyka\u010d<\/p>\n

Ekonomika elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 pece, kter\u00e1 tav\u00ed \u0161rot m\u00edsto \u017eelezn\u00e9 rudy, skute\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee vych\u00e1zet. Na tunu oceli klasick\u00e1 vysok\u00e1 pec spot\u0159ebuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1\u00a0600\u00a0kg \u017eelezn\u00e9 rudy, 500\u00a0a\u017e 600\u00a0kg koksu a\u00a0200\u00a0a\u017e 300\u00a0kg v\u00e1pence, tedy kolem 2,5\u00a0tuny vstupn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. \u201eElektrick\u00e1 pec pot\u0159ebuje 1\u00a0100\u00a0kilogram\u016f \u0161rotu a\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nic dal\u0161\u00edho. M\u00e9n\u011b materi\u00e1lu, m\u00e9n\u011b dopravy, m\u00e9n\u011b zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Je to paradoxn\u00ed, ale ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdroba oceli p\u0159es elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 pece nen\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159es vysok\u00e9 pece,\u201c konstatuje \u010cern\u00fd.<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b norsk\u00e9 hut\u011b skupiny Sev.en hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli tamn\u00ed elekt\u0159ina, kter\u00e1 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a098\u00a0procent z\u00a0vodn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren a\u00a0stoj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v\u00a0kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed Evrop\u011b. V\u00fdsledkem je jedna z\u00a0nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch stop v\u00a0oboru.<\/p>\n

Zelen\u00e1 ocel z\u00a0t\u011bchto norsk\u00fdch pec\u00ed p\u0159itom za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 proudit i\u00a0do \u010ceska. Prvn\u00edm tuzemsk\u00fdm odb\u011bratelem je firma Feri z\u00a0Hradce Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, jej\u00edm\u017e majitelem je Ivo Nov\u00e1k. Firma funguje jako subdodavatel na velk\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch stavb\u00e1ch. \u201eJe to firma, kter\u00e1 vn\u00edm\u00e1, \u017ee d\u0159\u00edve nebo pozd\u011bji bude dobr\u00e9 m\u00edt zelen\u00fd zdroj oceli. Dnes to v\u00a0\u010cesku nebo Polsku nikoho moc nezaj\u00edm\u00e1, ale p\u0159ijde to. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edci se budou pt\u00e1t, zadavatel\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00edch projekt\u016f se budou pt\u00e1t,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010cern\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Tyka\u010d v\u00a0r\u00e1mci podpory sv\u00fdch pec\u00ed svolil i\u00a0k pom\u011brn\u011b nelogick\u00e9mu kroku. Dovolil T\u0159ineck\u00fdm \u017eelez\u00e1rn\u00e1m, aby se jejich lid\u00e9 p\u0159ijeli pod\u00edvat do norsk\u00e9 hut\u011b skupiny Sev.en, i\u00a0kdy\u017e jsou p\u0159\u00edm\u00ed konkurenti. \u201eDovolili jsme jim p\u0159ijet, proto\u017ee je v\u00a0na\u0161em z\u00e1jmu, aby bylo v\u00edce elektrick\u00fdch ocel\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Maj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 pot\u0159eby\u00a0\u2013 t\u0159eba \u0161rot\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0m\u016f\u017eeme spole\u010dn\u011b prosazovat na\u0161e z\u00e1jmy,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u010cern\u00fd, kter\u00fd v\u00a0ostravsk\u00fdch hut\u00edch dlouho pracoval. S\u00a0t\u0159ineck\u00fdmi byznysmeny v\u00a0\u010dele s\u00a0Tom\u00e1\u0161em Chrenkem budou spole\u010dn\u011b lobbovat za podporu takov\u00fdch podnik\u016f a\u00a0ochranu evropsk\u00e9 oceli.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Strategick\u00e1 surovina<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed regulace v\u00a0oboru se r\u00fdsuje dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 zat\u00edm nen\u00ed moc vid\u011bt – regulace v\u00fdvozu \u0161rotu z\u00a0Evropy.<\/p>\n

S p\u0159echodem od vysok\u00fdch pec\u00ed k\u00a0elektrick\u00fdm se kl\u00ed\u010dovou surovinou stane m\u00edsto \u017eelezn\u00e9 rudy pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0161rot. Evropa ho v\u0161ak dnes ve velk\u00e9m vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, zhruba 15\u00a0a\u017e 20\u00a0milion\u016f tun ro\u010dn\u011b, z\u00a0toho v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu do Turecka. Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10\u00a0milion\u016f tun. \u201ePokud se v\u00fdvoz \u0161rotu neza\u010dne regulovat, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee evrop\u0161t\u00ed v\u00fdrobci, kte\u0159\u00ed investuj\u00ed do elektrick\u00fdch pec\u00ed, nebudou m\u00edt z\u00a0\u010deho vyr\u00e1b\u011bt. Jsem si jist\u00fd, \u017ee bude t\u0159eba p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed, aby se \u0161rot z\u00a0Evropy neztr\u00e1cel. Stane se strategickou surovinou,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u010cern\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Ocel je p\u0159\u00edtomna v\u00a0infrastruktu\u0159e, doprav\u011b, stavebnictv\u00ed i\u00a0zbrojn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu, kter\u00fd je v\u00a0Evrop\u011b v\u00a0kontextu bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situace na vzestupu. Skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9 zem\u011b v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti buduj\u00ed infrastrukturu ve sm\u011bru v\u00fdchod-z\u00e1pad, aby doplnily st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed osu sever-jih. Podle \u010cern\u00e9ho budou pot\u0159ebovat hodn\u011b oceli, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro Sev. en Global Investments.<\/p>\n

Brit\u00e1nie jde podobnou cestou. Tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1da chce zv\u00fd\u0161it pod\u00edl dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkce na celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b ze 30\u00a0na 50\u00a0procent. K\u00a0tomu pot\u0159ebuje nejen ochrann\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, ale i\u00a0funk\u010dn\u00ed hut\u011b, aby mohla ocel odeb\u00edrat od sv\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Sev.en, jeho\u017e zakladatel Pavel Tyka\u010d svou skupinu budoval prim\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00a0uheln\u00e9m byznysu, se v\u00a0tomto kontextu st\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem v\u00a0zelen\u00e9m sektoru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Hu\u0165 ve walesk\u00e9m Cardiffu, elektrick\u00e9 obloukov\u00e9 pece, lod\u011b pendluj\u00edc\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva t\u00fddny mezi Norskem a\u00a0Finskem se \u0161rotem a\u00a0hotovou…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":88582,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[3],"tags":[3138,109,108,106,17434,2652,4614,1136],"class_list":["post-88581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-evropa","tag-emisni-povolenky","tag-europa","tag-europe","tag-evropa","tag-ocelarna","tag-pavel-tykac","tag-sev-en-global-investments","tag-velka-britanie"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116590640388082852","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88581"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88581\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}