{"id":92337,"date":"2026-05-21T06:38:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T06:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/92337\/"},"modified":"2026-05-21T06:38:14","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T06:38:14","slug":"nanoplasty-napadaji-ochranu-plic-odhalili-vedci-z-prazskeho-ustavu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/92337\/","title":{"rendered":"Nanoplasty napadaj\u00ed ochranu plic, odhalili v\u011bdci z\u00a0pra\u017esk\u00e9ho \u00fastavu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tvrd\u00e1 realita spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b v\u00a0tom, \u017ee nanoplast\u016fm se \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00a0modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti vyhnout prakticky nem\u016f\u017ee. Mikroskopick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky se dnes p\u0159irozen\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed prakticky v\u0161ude kolem n\u00e1s\u00a0\u2013 ve vzduchu, v\u00a0prachu i\u00a0v potravin\u00e1ch. Vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rozpadem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch plastov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f a\u00a0jejich dal\u0161\u00edm opot\u0159eben\u00edm v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed i\u00a0v interi\u00e9rech.<\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch forem mikroplast\u016f se tyto jemn\u00e9 nano\u010d\u00e1stice mohou dlouho udr\u017eet ve vzduchu, a\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b proto se snadno dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest skrze pr\u016fdu\u0161ky a\u00a0a\u017e do plic.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee ultrajemn\u00e9 polystyrenov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se nezachyt\u00ed jen na povrchu, ale dok\u00e1\u017eou se zabudovat do hydrofobn\u00edho j\u00e1dra plicn\u00edho surfaktantu, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1danost lipid\u016f a\u00a0sni\u017euj\u00ed tekutost t\u00e9to ochrann\u00e9 vrstvy.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e studie ukazuje, \u017ee nanoplasty se na plicn\u00edm surfaktantu nejen zachyt\u00ed, ale mohou se do n\u011bj tak\u00e9 zabudovat a\u00a0spolu s\u00a0jeho p\u0159irozenou recyklac\u00ed postupovat d\u00e1l do hlub\u0161\u00edch struktur plic. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tento mechanismus pova\u017eujeme za zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd, proto\u017ee nazna\u010duje, \u017ee jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed nemus\u00ed z\u016fstat jen na samotn\u00e9m povrchu plic,\u201c popsal v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk Lukasz Cwiklik z\u00a0\u00daFCH JH AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

Jeho t\u00fdm tedy nyn\u00ed uk\u00e1zal, jak mohou polystyrenov\u00e9 nanoplasty ovliv\u0148ovat plicn\u00ed surfaktant\u00a0\u2013 jemnou lipidovo-proteinovou vrstvu, kter\u00e1 vyst\u00fdl\u00e1 plicn\u00ed skl\u00edpky a\u00a0je nezbytn\u00e1 pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci plic.<\/p>\n

Kombinace metod<\/p>\n

\u201eZkoumali jsme interakce nanoplast\u016f se dv\u011bma kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi strukturami plicn\u00edho surfaktantu: s\u00a0monovrstvou na rozhran\u00ed vzduchu a\u00a0kapaliny v\u00a0plicn\u00edch skl\u00edpc\u00edch a\u00a0s dvojvrstvami, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1sobn\u00ed rezervo\u00e1ry surfaktantu pod povrchem,\u201c popsal v\u011bdec.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u00daFCH JH AV \u010cR<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i studie Agnieszka Olzynska (vlevo), Katarina Vazdarov\u00e1 a\u00a0Lukasz Cwiklik zkoumali nanoplasty v\u00a0konfrontaci s\u00a0ochranou vrstvou plic.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm kombinoval atomistick\u00e9 molekul\u00e1rn\u011b-dynamick\u00e9 simulace s\u00a0experiment\u00e1ln\u00edmi metodami, jako byla m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed povrchov\u00e9ho tlaku, fluorescen\u010dn\u00ed spektroskopie a\u00a0Brewsterova \u00fahlov\u00e1 mikroskopie, aby mohl porovnat d\u011bn\u00ed na molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u00farovni s\u00a0chov\u00e1n\u00edm re\u00e1ln\u00fdch modelov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podle autor\u016f a\u00a0autorek je pot\u0159eba v\u00a0navazuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu zjistit, jak\u00e9 d\u016fsledky m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt dlouhodob\u00e9 vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed ultrajemn\u00fdch plastov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. V\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu badatel\u00e9 v\u00a0kv\u011btnu uve\u0159ejnili ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a> v\u00a0\u010dasopise Journal of Hazardous Materials.<\/p>\n

\u201ePr\u00e1v\u011b skute\u010dnost, \u017ee nanoplasty jsou b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vzduchu, kter\u00fd d\u00fdch\u00e1me, d\u011bl\u00e1 z\u00a0tohoto t\u00e9matu v\u00e1\u017enou ot\u00e1zku pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Pokud ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed plicn\u00edho surfaktantu, je na m\u00edst\u011b br\u00e1t jejich mo\u017en\u00e9 dopady na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u011b,\u201c dodala v\u011bdkyn\u011b Katarina Vazdarov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinou jsou lid\u00e9 s\u00a0chronick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je astma nebo plicn\u00ed fibr\u00f3za. Z\u00a0hlediska v\u011bku jsou nejv\u00edce zraniteln\u00ed senio\u0159i, jejich\u017e organismus m\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017eenou schopnost bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 regenerace a\u00a0odbour\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cizorod\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, a\u00a0na opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u00f3lu mal\u00e9 d\u011bti. Ty maj\u00ed citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, st\u00e1le se vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed plicn\u00ed tk\u00e1\u0148.<\/p>\n

Foto: \u00daFCH JH AV \u010cR<\/p>\n

Simulace molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed dynamiky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee nano\u010d\u00e1stice plast\u016f se za\u010dle\u0148uj\u00ed do lipidov\u00fdch vrstev podobn\u00fdch t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00a0plic\u00edch. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tvrd\u00e1 realita spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b v\u00a0tom, \u017ee nanoplast\u016fm se \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00a0modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti vyhnout prakticky nem\u016f\u017ee. Mikroskopick\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky se dnes…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":92338,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[7],"tags":[6067,43,42,41,40,28108,12376,99,22153],"class_list":["post-92337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-cesko","tag-akademie-ved-ceske-republiky-avcr","tag-ceska-republika","tag-cesko","tag-czech-republic","tag-czechia","tag-mikroplasty","tag-plice","tag-praha","tag-ustav-fyzikalni-chemie-j-heyrovskeho-av-cr"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116611194105594541","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92338"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}