{"id":92899,"date":"2026-05-21T15:02:13","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/92899\/"},"modified":"2026-05-21T15:02:13","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:02:13","slug":"osel-cz-fyzici-vytvorili-hybridni-kvazicastice-svetla-a-hmoty-pro-fotonicke-cipy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/92899\/","title":{"rendered":":: OSEL.CZ :: &#8211; Fyzici vytvo\u0159ili hybridn\u00ed kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice sv\u011btla a hmoty pro fotonick\u00e9 \u010dipy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fyzici vytvo\u0159ili hybridn\u00ed kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice sv\u011btla a hmoty pro fotonick\u00e9 \u010dipy \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Elektrony v elektronice u\u017e melou z posledn\u00edho. Kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice exciton-polaritony spojuj\u00ed v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 vlastnosti z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a hmoty, co\u017e je p\u0159edur\u010duje pro fotonick\u00e9 \u010dipy. S nimi by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit ohromnou spot\u0159ebu rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch AI syst\u00e9m\u016f a pokro\u010dit ke kvantov\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by byly integrovan\u00e9 na \u010dipech. <\/p>\n<p>\t\t<a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44403&amp;img=making-light-work-of-c.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Gener\u00e1tor exciton-polariton\u016f. Kredit: Zhi Wang.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/s_making-light-work-of-c.jpeg\" alt=\"Gener\u00e1tor exciton-polariton\u016f. Kredit: Zhi Wang.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Gener\u00e1tor exciton-polariton\u016f. Kredit: Zhi Wang.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u00fasvitu \u00e9ry elektronick\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f vyu\u017eili Presper Eckert a John Mauchly z Pensylv\u00e1nsk\u00e9 univerzity pro prvn\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed elektronick\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d na sv\u011bt\u011b ENIAC elektrony k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdch numerick\u00fdch \u00faloh. Dodnes funguje v\u011bt\u0161ina b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed techniky na stejn\u00e9 architektu\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Probl\u00e9m je \u017ee elektrony ji\u017e nar\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed na sv\u00e9 limity. Kv\u016fli elektrick\u00e9mu n\u00e1boji ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed energii ve form\u011b tepla, p\u0159i pohybu materi\u00e1lem \u010del\u00ed odporu a s rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem tranzistor\u016f na \u010dipech i st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi objemy dat je jejich vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44404&amp;img=zhen-new.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Bo Zhen. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/s_zhen-new.jpeg\" alt=\"Bo Zhen. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bo Zhen. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.<\/p>\n<p>Bo Zhen z Pensylv\u00e1nsk\u00e9 univerzity a jeho kolegov\u00e9 proto hledaj\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak \u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee p\u0159en\u00e9st z elektron\u016f na jejich nehmotn\u00e9 prot\u011bj\u0161ky, fotony. Jde o to, \u017ee kdy\u017e jsou fotony elektricky neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed a maj\u00ed nulovou klidovou hmotnost, dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et informaci na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, velmi rychle a s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi ztr\u00e1tami. Nete\u010dnost a neutralita foton\u016f, ale sou\u010dasn\u011b znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nehod\u00ed pro logick\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f, na kter\u00e9m jsou po\u010d\u00edta\u010de z\u00e1visl\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Zhen\u016fv t\u00fdm vytvo\u0159il kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice exciton-polaritony, kter\u00e9 kombinuj\u00ed rychlost sv\u011btla s interakcemi hmoty. Tyto kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice vznikaj\u00ed propojen\u00edm foton\u016f s elektrony v\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u011b tenk\u00e9m polovodi\u010di. Excitony jsou v\u00e1zan\u00e9 stavy elektronu a kladn\u011b nabit\u00e9 d\u00edry, zat\u00edmco polaritony jsou kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed silnou vazbou mezi elektromagnetick\u00fdm polem a excitovan\u00fdmi stavy hmoty.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"clanek nofollow noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osel.cz\/popisek.php?popisek=44405&amp;img=logo_60.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Logo. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/s_logo_60.jpeg\" alt=\"Logo. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Logo. Kredit: University of Pensylvania.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">D\u00edky tomuto spojen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sv\u011btlo interagovat dostate\u010dn\u011b siln\u011b na to, aby umo\u017enilo p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f nezbytn\u00e9 pro v\u00fdpo\u010dty.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Mnoho fotonick\u00fdch AI \u010dip\u016f u\u017e dnes dok\u00e1\u017ee pomoc\u00ed sv\u011btla prov\u00e1d\u011bt jednoduch\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty. P\u0159i slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech ale musej\u00ed sv\u011bteln\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bt zp\u011bt na pomalej\u0161\u00ed a energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly, co\u017e sni\u017euje rychlost i efektivitu fotonick\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f. Pomoc\u00ed exciton-polariton\u016f ale lze p\u0159ep\u00ednat \u010dist\u011b opticky p\u0159i spot\u0159eb\u011b jen mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b mal\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed energie.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Pokud se povede tuto technologii dot\u00e1hnout do konce, mohla by umo\u017enit fotonick\u00fdm \u010dip\u016fm zpracov\u00e1vat sv\u011btlo p\u0159\u00edmo z kamer, sn\u00ed\u017eit drakonick\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 n\u00e1roky masivn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence a otev\u0159\u00edt cestu ke kvantov\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm integrovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edmo na \u010dipech.<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Video: What are excitons?<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\n<p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">Literatura<\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/penntoday.upenn.edu\/news\/making-light-work-computing\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Penn Today 24. 4. 2026.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/gc15-qsvf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Physical Review Letters 136. 146901.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Fyzici vytvo\u0159ili hybridn\u00ed kvazi\u010d\u00e1stice sv\u011btla a hmoty pro fotonick\u00e9 \u010dipy \u00a0 Elektrony v elektronice u\u017e melou z posledn\u00edho.&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":92900,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[13],"tags":[12731,28272,74,73,78,75,77,76],"class_list":["post-92899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-veda-a-technika","tag-castice","tag-polovodic","tag-science","tag-science-technology","tag-technika","tag-technology","tag-veda","tag-veda-a-technika"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116613175538189791","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92899"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92899\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}