![\"Kurt](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/2022-06-26-schmidt-kurt_krnov_0.jpg\")
<\/p>\nT\u0159eba Kurt Schmidt \u010di Oswald Kittel si v\u00a0ml\u00e1d\u00ed pro\u0161li doslova peklem. Na star\u00e1 kolena pak uk\u00e1zali, jak se z hr\u016fz minulosti pou\u010dit \u2013 prvn\u00ed si v\u00a0rodn\u00e9m Krnov\u011b pot\u0159\u00e1sal pravic\u00ed s\u00a0rab\u00ednem, druh\u00fd v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 Kamenici organizoval \u010desko-n\u011bmeck\u00e9 m\u0161e.<\/p>\n
\u201eSm\u00edm \u017e\u00edt v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy lze o hr\u016fz\u00e1ch v\u00e1lky a odsunu otev\u0159en\u011b mluvit s\u00a0\u010cechy. Toho si v\u00e1\u017e\u00edm,\u201c sv\u011b\u0159oval se Kurt Schmidt pro sb\u00edrku Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda v\u00a0roce 2022. Tehdy mu bylo po\u017eehnan\u00fdch 94 let. Za jeho ml\u00e1d\u00ed ale situace zdaleka nebyla r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Pug\u00e9t pro Hitlera<\/p>\n
Oswald Kittel t\u0159eba \u010desk\u00fdm dokumentarist\u016fm vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, jak v\u00a0roce 1938 u \u010cesk\u00e9 Kamenice vedla \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 obrann\u00e1 linie, pouh\u00fdch deset kilometr\u016f\u00a0od jeho domu. Kluky fascinovala. Oswald\u016fv otec pat\u0159il k\u00a0t\u011bm \u010desk\u00fdm N\u011bmc\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed dodr\u017eeli vojensk\u00fd slib a mobilizovali. Kdy\u017e 5. \u0159\u00edjna 1938 nav\u0161t\u00edvil Kamenici Adolf Hitler, chlubil se dav\u016fm na rynku, \u017ee by wehrmacht pevnostn\u00ed syst\u00e9m prolomil do t\u0159\u00ed dn\u016f. Oswald\u016fv otec mu to ale nev\u011b\u0159il.<\/p>\n
Hitler hned po z\u00e1boru Sudet objel \u0159adu m\u00edst. V\u00a0Krnov\u011b na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed lezl mal\u00fd Kurt otci na z\u00e1da, aby na f\u00fchrera vid\u011bl. M\u011bl mu dokonce p\u0159edat pug\u00e9t. \u201eJ\u00e1 jsem se styd\u011bl a m\u011bl jsem strach za n\u00edm j\u00edt. I proto jsem po\u0159\u00e1d na\u017eivu,\u201c uva\u017eoval pan Schmidt, jak\u00e1 odplata by ho po v\u00e1lce \u010dekala, kdyby zadan\u00fd \u00fakol v\u00a0d\u011btstv\u00ed splnil.<\/p>\n
\u017delezo do zad<\/p>\n
Na sv\u00e9m sklonku dorazila druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v pln\u00e9 hr\u016fze a\u017e k\u00a0n\u00e1m, tedy i k\u00a0na\u0161im N\u011bmc\u016fm. Koncem ledna 1945 pro\u0161el Krnovem pochod smrti z\u00a0Osv\u011btimi. Pro Kurta to byl \u0161ok i memento: \u201eUd\u011blali to \u00famysln\u011b tak, aby lid\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b spali. Abychom nevid\u011bli, jak ty ubo\u017e\u00e1ky \u017eenou p\u0159es m\u011bsto. J\u00e1 jsem o tom ale sly\u0161el hned n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den a mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee jsme m\u011bli strach. \u0158\u00edkali jsme si: \u201aN\u00e1m se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho.\u2018\u201c<\/p>\n
Oswald je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 1945 jako \u0161estn\u00e1ctilet\u00fd \u201ekanonenfutter\u201c narukoval do wehrmachtu. Na Mari\u00e1nskol\u00e1ze\u0148sku mu b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch boj\u016f uv\u00edzla v\u00a0z\u00e1dech gran\u00e1tov\u00e1 st\u0159epina. \u201eSlibovali n\u00e1m \u017eelezn\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e, ale j\u00e1 dostal jen \u017eelezo do zad,\u201c glosoval to pan Kittel. Ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd st\u0159ep m\u00e1 dodnes v\u00a0t\u011ble.<\/p>\n
\u201ePartyz\u00e1ni\u201c v Krnov\u011b<\/p>\n
Boje o Krnov byly intenzivn\u00ed. Dne 6. kv\u011btna ho obsadila Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, brzy ale p\u0159e\u0161el pod \u010deskou spr\u00e1vu, tedy do rukou osob, kter\u00e9 Kurt Schmidt naz\u00fdval \u201epartyz\u00e1ni\u201c. S\u00e1m Kurt se musel po t\u00fddnu dostavit do t\u00e1bora v\u00a0Opavsk\u00e9 ulici. Nejhor\u0161\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky m\u00e1 na velitele l\u00e1gru s rudou hv\u011bzdou na \u010depici a sadistick\u00fdmi sklony. Jednoho dne si p\u0159edvolal Kurta a jeho str\u00fdce spole\u010dn\u011b na apelplac. \u201eMuseli jsme zp\u00edvat a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jeden druh\u00e9ho fackovat. A proto\u017ee j\u00e1 jsem se zdr\u00e1hal b\u00edt sv\u00e9ho str\u00fdce, ztloukl velitel m\u011b. Po\u0161kodil mi u\u0161n\u00ed bub\u00ednek.\u201c<\/p>\n
Jin\u00ed \u201epartyz\u00e1ni\u201c Kurta opakovan\u011b tloukli do bezv\u011bdom\u00ed nagajkou, ko\u017een\u00fdm bi\u010dem s\u00a0\u017eeleznou \u0161pi\u010dkou. Je\u0161t\u011b hloub\u011bji j\u00edm ot\u0159\u00e1sl pohled na obl\u00edben\u00e9ho far\u00e1\u0159e, jemu\u017e za\u017eiva vytrhali kn\u00edr. Ke sv\u00e9mu \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed Kurt d\u011bsiv\u00fd t\u0159\u00edt\u00fddenn\u00ed pobyt v\u00a0t\u00e1bo\u0159e p\u0159e\u017eil a v\u00a0prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b \u010dervna ho dobyt\u010d\u00e1kem odvezli do Ostravy, kde a\u017e do odsunu d\u0159el v\u00a0dolech.<\/p>\n
Vyhnul se tak tzv. hladov\u00e9mu pochodu, ve kter\u00e9m hnali ve dnech 22. a 28. \u010dervna 1945 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3000 n\u011bmeck\u00fdch \u017een, d\u011bt\u00ed a starc\u016f p\u011b\u0161ky z\u00a0Krnova p\u0159es Jesen\u00edk do Kr\u00e1l\u00edk. Asi 300 osob b\u011bhem 120 kilometr\u016f dlouh\u00e9ho pochodu zem\u0159elo.<\/p>\n
Na\u010derno p\u0159es hranici<\/p>\n
Kittelov\u00fdm se, nejsp\u00ed\u0161 d\u00edky otcov\u011b loajalit\u011b k\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku, hr\u016fzy odsunu zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyh\u00fdbaly. Hr\u016fzy ov\u0161em Oswald vid\u011bl b\u011bhem n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy v\u00a0n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm nacistick\u00e9m l\u00e1gru Rab\u0161tejn, kde m\u011bli po v\u00e1lce sv\u00e9 mu\u010d\u00edrny i \u010de\u0161t\u00ed gardist\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Klid byl jen do\u010dasn\u00fd: \u201eDne 15. \u010dervence v\u00a0p\u011bt r\u00e1no chodili \u010de\u0161t\u00ed partyz\u00e1ni d\u016fm od domu a vyz\u00fdvali n\u00e1s, abychom do p\u016fl hodiny opustili byty. Museli jsme sbalit pades\u00e1t kilo a sej\u00edt se na shroma\u017edi\u0161ti ke kontrole, jestli si nebereme n\u011bco zak\u00e1zan\u00e9ho.\u201c<\/p>\n
Odtud se \u0161lo p\u011b\u0161ky na hranici se Saskem. \u201eZa n\u00ed n\u00e1s vylo\u017eili,\u00a0byli jsme \u00fapln\u011b bezprizorn\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00e9mu vyd\u00e1ni na pospas,\u201d vzpom\u00ednal pan Kittel.\u00a0Pod \u0161ir\u00fdm nebem byli vyhnanci t\u00fddny o hladu. Vyr\u00e1\u017eeli proto na\u010derno p\u0159es hranici do sv\u00fdch n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edch domov\u016f, aby sehnali n\u011bco k\u00a0sn\u011bdku. Takzvan\u00fd \u201eschwarzgang\u201c byl nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd \u2013 kdo padl do rukou \u010desk\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm, mohl p\u0159ij\u00edt o \u017eivot.<\/p>\n
\u201eP\u0159i t\u0159et\u00edm p\u0159echodu m\u011b na zp\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed cest\u011b zadr\u017eel zn\u00e1m\u00fd, \u010desk\u00fd komisa\u0159 z obce L\u00edska,\u201c vypr\u00e1v\u011bl Oswald, jak na \u010desk\u00e9 stran\u011b necht\u011bn\u011b potkal n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edho souseda. \u201eUt\u00edkal jsem o \u017eivot sm\u011brem k lesu. Kdy\u017e zjistil, \u017ee m\u011b nedo\u017eene, st\u0159\u00edlel po mn\u011b.\u201c<\/p>\n
Prvn\u00ed N\u011bmec, kter\u00e9mu podali ruku<\/p>\n
Kurt pak na\u0161el nov\u00fd domov v\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edm N\u011bmecku, Oswald v\u00a0komunistick\u00e9 NDR. N\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed domovinu sm\u011bli za\u010d\u00edt nav\u0161t\u011bvovat od\u00a0\u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch let. Otev\u0159en\u011b anga\u017eovat sm\u011brem ke sv\u00e9mu rodn\u00e9mu kraji se ale Kurt Schmidt mohl a\u017e po roce 1989. Opr\u00e1\u0161il sv\u00e9 znalosti \u010de\u0161tiny a Krnov a\u017e do smrti pravideln\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvoval, v\u017edy s\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm n\u00e1padem.<\/p>\n
Uspo\u0159\u00e1dal nap\u0159\u00edklad mezi n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi rod\u00e1ky sb\u00edrku na opravu za v\u00e1lky oho\u0159el\u00fdch lavic pro m\u00edstn\u00ed synagogu. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u00edsto na nich nechali opat\u0159it tabulkou se jm\u00e9nem jedn\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed ob\u011bti holokaustu. \u201eTehdy p\u0159i\u0161el do Krnova vrchn\u00ed rab\u00edn z\u00a0Olomouce a \u0159ekl mi: \u201aJ\u00e1 jsem se za\u0159ekl, \u017ee nikdy v\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu N\u011bmci nepod\u00e1m ruku. Ale kdy\u017e vid\u00edm, co jste ud\u011blali, budete ten prvn\u00ed.\u2018\u201c<\/p>\n
Jako rovn\u00fd s\u00a0rovn\u00fdm<\/p>\n
Zat\u00edmco na z\u00e1pad\u011b vys\u00eddlen\u00ed N\u011bmci zakl\u00e1dali nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jmov\u00e1 i politick\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed, v\u00a0NDR bylo t\u00e9ma odsunu tabu. Ostatn\u011b stejn\u011b jako u n\u00e1s. Copak by mezi dv\u011bma zem\u011bmi socialistick\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora mohly existovat n\u011bjak\u00e9 rozpory?<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Kurt Schmidt p\u0159i odhalen\u00ed pomn\u00edku n\u011bmeck\u00fdm ob\u011btem interna\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f. 2022, Krnov.Foto: Pam\u011b\u0165 n\u00e1roda\/archiv pam\u011btn\u00edka Kurta Schmidta<\/p>\n
O to aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mohl b\u00fdt Oswald Kittel po revoluci. V\u00a0Kamenici pomohl obnovit tradi\u010dn\u00ed pou\u0165 a ob rok po\u0159\u00e1dal \u010desko-n\u011bmeck\u00e9 m\u0161e. \u201eRaz\u00edme my\u0161lenku porozum\u011bn\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b spole\u010dn\u00fdch d\u011bjin a n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edho sousedstv\u00ed s \u010desk\u00fdmi rodinami. Jedn\u00e1me spolu jako rovn\u00fd s rovn\u00fdm, s respektem. Bez p\u0159edsudk\u016f, bez v\u00fd\u010ditek. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl n\u011bjak\u00fd osud a zku\u0161enosti, my ale chceme porozum\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c popisoval pan Kittel ideu spolku kamenick\u00fdch rod\u00e1k\u016f, kter\u00fd vedl. A kter\u00fd, kdy\u017e zdrav\u00ed dovol\u00ed, bude letos ve v\u011bku 97 let reprezentovat v\u00a0Brn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Mohlo by v\u00e1s zaj\u00edmat:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u0159eba Kurt Schmidt \u010di Oswald Kittel si v\u00a0ml\u00e1d\u00ed pro\u0161li doslova peklem. Na star\u00e1 kolena pak uk\u00e1zali, jak se…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94532,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[10],"tags":[17,21,16,11659,18,19,22,20],"class_list":["post-94531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zpravy","tag-headlines","tag-hlavni-udalosti","tag-news","tag-sudety","tag-top-news","tag-top-stories","tag-udalosti-dne","tag-zpravy"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116622392423730497","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94531\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/94532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}