{"id":94900,"date":"2026-05-23T14:01:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T14:01:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/94900\/"},"modified":"2026-05-23T14:01:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-23T14:01:06","slug":"zkaza-z-hlubin-pacifiku-vedci-varuji-pred-hrozbou-ktera-zasahne-planetu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/94900\/","title":{"rendered":"Zk\u00e1za z hlubin Pacifiku. V\u011bdci varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed hrozbou, kter\u00e1 zas\u00e1hne planetu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uprost\u0159ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu mezi Havaj\u00ed a Kaliforni\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Velk\u00e1 tichomo\u0159sk\u00e1 odpadkov\u00e1 skvrna. Jde o v\u00edr plastov\u00e9ho odpadu, kter\u00fd je v\u00edce ne\u017e dvakr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e americk\u00fd st\u00e1t Texas. Jak se kousky plastu navz\u00e1jem sr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed, rozpadaj\u00ed se na \u010d\u00e1stice tak mal\u00e9, \u017ee je v\u00edtr un\u00e1\u0161\u00ed i do vzduchu. A pr\u00e1v\u011b to je probl\u00e9m. Podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu m\u00e1 tento jev v\u00fdrazn\u00fd dopad na klima, co\u017e by mohlo ovlivnit celou planetu,\u00a0p\u00ed\u0161e CNN<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e1 tichomo\u0159sk\u00e1 odpadkov\u00e1 skvrna je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem\u00a0mikroplast\u016f<\/a>\u00a0a nanoplast\u016f i v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Drobn\u00e9 plastov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se nav\u00edc uvol\u0148uj\u00ed tak\u00e9 ze skl\u00e1dek, odpadk\u016f pod\u00e9l silnic nebo z pneumatik automobil\u016f.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f z \u010c\u00edny a USA studoval slo\u017een\u00ed a chov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto plast\u016f a zjistil, \u017ee p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 ze\u00a0studie<\/a>\u00a0zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Nature Climate Change.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina dosavadn\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f mikroplast\u016f se soust\u0159edila na jejich zdravotn\u00ed a ekologick\u00e1 rizika, tato studie v\u0161ak \u201eodhaluje dlouho p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eenou souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm plasty a zm\u011bnou klimatu\u201c, uvedl Hongbo Fu, autor studie a odborn\u00edk na atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 v\u011bdy z Fudansk\u00e9 univerzity v \u0160anghaji.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nanoplasty a slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkum se soust\u0159edil na mikroplasty (velk\u00e9 jako guma na tu\u017ece a men\u0161\u00ed) a nanoplasty, kter\u00e9 jsou mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b ten\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e lidsk\u00fd vlas. V\u011bdci analyzovali jejich barvu, velikost i chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed, aby zjistili, jak reaguj\u00ed na slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Cht\u011bli zjistit, zda \u010d\u00e1stice odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo zp\u011bt do vesm\u00edru, co\u017e by znamenalo ochlazuj\u00edc\u00ed vliv na planetu, nebo zda slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo pohlcuj\u00ed, co\u017e by naopak m\u011blo otepluj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek.\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy toti\u017e nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee vliv mikroplast\u016f na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed je zanedbateln\u00fd. Anal\u00fdzy v\u0161ak \u010dasto vych\u00e1zely z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee jde o \u010dir\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice. Ve skute\u010dnosti jsou ale r\u016fzn\u011b zbarven\u00e9.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Studie zjistila, \u017ee barevn\u00e9 plasty, zejm\u00e9na \u010derven\u00e9, \u017elut\u00e9, modr\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9, pohlcuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 75kr\u00e1t v\u00edce sv\u011btla ne\u017e \u010dir\u00e9 \u010di nebarven\u00e9 plasty. \u201eChovaj\u00ed se jako \u010dern\u00e9 tri\u010dko; pohlcuj\u00ed teplo,\u201c \u0159ekl Fu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Na velikosti z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/p>\n

Faktorem je tak\u00e9 velikost, i kdy\u017e v men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e. V\u00fdzkum uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed je \u010d\u00e1stice, t\u00edm v\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017ee absorbovat. \u201eNanoplasty jsou sice mali\u010dk\u00e9, ale velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve vzduchu d\u00e9le a p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 hmotnosti absorbuj\u00ed mnohem v\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ne\u017e mikroplasty,\u201c uvedl Fu.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 zjistili, \u017ee vliv plast\u016f na oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu m\u011bnit. V laborato\u0159i nechali tyto \u010d\u00e1stice um\u011ble \u201ezest\u00e1rnout\u201c pomoc\u00ed ultrafialov\u00fdch lamp a zjistili, \u017ee b\u00edl\u00e9 plasty maj\u00ed tendenci \u017eloutnout, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee absorbuj\u00ed v\u00edce slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. \u010cerven\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice naopak n\u011bkdy vybledly, a rozptylovaly tak v\u00edce sv\u011btla.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u011bt\u0161ina \u010d\u00e1stic je tmav\u0161\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e jsou takov\u00e9 od po\u010d\u00e1tku, nebo tmavnou v pr\u016fb\u011bhu sv\u00e9ho pohybu atmosf\u00e9rou a st\u00e1rnut\u00ed,\u201c uvedl Drew Shindell, autor studie a profesor geov\u011bd na Duke University. \u201eHlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosem t\u00e9to studie je, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme s jistotou konstatovat, \u017ee celkov\u00fd v\u00fdsledek je takov\u00fd, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny tyto \u010d\u00e1stice p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e k oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e k ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c dodal. \u201eOteplovac\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek je sice na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni mal\u00fd, ale nen\u00ed zanedbateln\u00fd,\u201c uvedli v\u011bdci. Mikroplasty a nanoplasty maj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 16procentn\u00ed pod\u00edl na celkov\u00e9m oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Uprost\u0159ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu mezi Havaj\u00ed a Kaliforni\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Velk\u00e1 tichomo\u0159sk\u00e1 odpadkov\u00e1 skvrna. Jde o v\u00edr plastov\u00e9ho odpadu,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94901,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[12731,202,10628,306,14497,513,54,1188,19071,113,4095,53,52],"class_list":["post-94900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-svet","tag-castice","tag-cina","tag-havaj","tag-kalifornie","tag-plast","tag-silnice","tag-svet","tag-texas","tag-tichy-ocean","tag-usa","tag-vyzkum","tag-world","tag-world-news"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@cz\/116624260095783964","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94900\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/94901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94900"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94900"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}