{"id":98313,"date":"2026-05-27T04:05:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T04:05:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/98313\/"},"modified":"2026-05-27T04:05:14","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T04:05:14","slug":"morsky-predator-z-doby-dinosauru-vedci-popsali-tvora-ktery-dominoval-pobreznim-vodam-dnesniho-mexika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/cz\/98313\/","title":{"rendered":"Mo\u0159sk\u00fd pred\u00e1tor z\u00a0doby dinosaur\u016f. V\u011bdci popsali tvora, kter\u00fd dominoval pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edm vod\u00e1m dne\u0161n\u00edho Mexika"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdznamn\u00fd n\u00e1lez poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze severov\u00fdchodn\u00edho Mexika, kde v\u011bdci zkoumali fosilie z\u00a0obdob\u00ed pozdn\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddy. Poda\u0159ilo se jim identifikovat nov\u00fd druh ob\u0159\u00edho mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho plaza, kter\u00fd \u017eil v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy na sou\u0161i vl\u00e1dli dinosau\u0159i.<\/p>\n

Cesta k\u00a0jeho ur\u010den\u00ed ale nebyla jednoduch\u00e1. Ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 2001\u00a0byla ve formaci M\u00e9ndez ve st\u00e1t\u011b Nuevo Le\u00f3n objevena t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kompletn\u00ed lebka tohoto tvora. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza \u010delisti v\u00a0roce 2007\u00a0jej sice za\u0159adila mezi mosasaury, ale teprve nyn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm paleontolog\u016f z\u00a0Mexika a\u00a0Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie potvrdil, \u017ee jde o\u00a0dosud nepopsan\u00fd a\u00a0nepojmenovan\u00fd druh.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Krajina, kter\u00e1 kdysi b\u00fdvala mo\u0159em<\/p>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Mexiko p\u016fsob\u00ed such\u00fdm, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pou\u0161tn\u00edm dojmem. P\u0159ed 70\u00a0miliony lety v\u0161ak \u0161lo o\u00a0zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Oblast tvo\u0159ily m\u011blk\u00e9 pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed vody, ba\u017einy a\u00a0tropick\u00e1 vegetace sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e k\u00a0mo\u0159i. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0t\u011bchto m\u011blk\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch se pohyboval i\u00a0Prognathodon cipactli.<\/p>\n

Sedimenty ukl\u00e1dan\u00e9 na dn\u011b tehdej\u0161\u00edho oce\u00e1nu se pozd\u011bji vlivem tektonick\u00fdch proces\u016f dostaly na povrch a\u00a0d\u00edky tomu dnes nach\u00e1z\u00edme fosilie mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f i\u00a0na \u00fazem\u00edch vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch des\u00edtky kilometr\u016f od Mexick\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu.<\/p>\n

DESCUBREN EN NUEVO LE\u00d3N NUEVA ESPECIE DE MOSASAURIO DEPREDADOR DE M\u00c1S DE 70 MILLONES DE A\u00d1OS<\/p>\n

Un equipo internacional de paleont\u00f3logos de M\u00e9xico e Inglaterra identific\u00f3 al Prognathodon cipactli, una nueva especie de reptil marino que habit\u00f3 el antiguo oc\u00e9ano profundo de lo que\u2026 pic.twitter.com\/62uhIVdvT2<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2014 M\u00e9xico Ahora (@AhoraMex) March 22, 2026<\/a><\/p>\n

Vrcholov\u00fd pred\u00e1tor k\u0159\u00eddov\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed<\/p>\n

Mosasau\u0159i byli mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed plazi p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edm varan\u016fm. Nov\u011b popsan\u00fd druh dosahoval d\u00e9lky kolem \u0161esti metr\u016f a\u00a0pat\u0159il ke st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fdm, ale mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b robustn\u00edm z\u00e1stupc\u016fm t\u00e9to skupiny.<\/p>\n

Stavba t\u011bla nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u0161lo o\u00a0vysoce efektivn\u00edho lovce. M\u011bl kr\u00e1tkou silnou lebku a\u00a0mohutn\u00e9 ku\u017eelovit\u00e9 zuby schopn\u00e9 vyvinout extr\u00e9mn\u00ed tlak. Ty mu umo\u017e\u0148ovaly nejen pevn\u011b uchopit kluzkou ko\u0159ist, ale i\u00a0drtit kosti, schr\u00e1nky m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161\u016f nebo krun\u00fd\u0159e kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Prot\u00e1hl\u00e9 t\u011blo zakon\u010den\u00e9 siln\u00fdm ocasem zaji\u0161\u0165ovalo rychl\u00fd pohyb ve vod\u011b, zat\u00edmco kon\u010detiny se p\u0159em\u011bnily v\u00a0ploutve. Tato kombinace s\u00edly, rychlosti a\u00a0p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u010dinila z\u00a0Prognathodon cipactli dominantn\u00edho pred\u00e1tora.<\/p>\n

Paleontolog H\u00e9ctor Rivera-Sylva jej pro den\u00edk El Pa\u00eds<\/a> popsal jako aktivn\u00edho lovce, kter\u00fd hr\u00e1l v\u00a0ekosyst\u00e9mu roli podobnou t\u00e9, ji\u017e dnes zast\u00e1vaj\u00ed kosatky.<\/p>\n

Na rozd\u00edl od n\u011bkter\u00fdch jin\u00fdch mosasaur\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ob\u00fdvali otev\u0159en\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny, se tento druh pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dr\u017eel bl\u00ed\u017ee k\u00a0pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed. Tam aktivn\u011b vyhled\u00e1val rozmanitou ko\u0159ist od ryb a\u00a0kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f a\u017e po jin\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 plazy, v\u010detn\u011b plesiosaur\u016f.<\/p>\n

Prognathodon cipactli ve sv\u00e9 oblasti st\u00e1l podle v\u011bdc\u016f na samotn\u00e9m vrcholu potravn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce a\u00a0v m\u011blk\u00fdch pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch vod\u00e1ch nem\u011bl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev inspirovan\u00fd mytologi\u00ed<\/p>\n

Druhov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no cipactli odkazuje na azt\u00e9ckou mytologii, v\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e ozna\u010duje prap\u016fvodn\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 monstrum spojovan\u00e9 se vznikem sv\u011bta, popisovan\u00e9 jako hybridn\u00ed bytost nesouc\u00ed znaky plaz\u016f i\u00a0ryb.<\/p>\n

Volba n\u00e1zvu tak symbolicky propojuje v\u011bdeck\u00fd objev s\u00a0kulturn\u00edm d\u011bdictv\u00edm regionu a\u00a0vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jak\u00fdsi most mezi d\u00e1vnou histori\u00ed Zem\u011b a\u00a0lidsk\u00fdmi p\u0159edstavami o\u00a0jej\u00edm vzniku.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam objevu<\/p>\n

Identifikace Prognathodon cipactli roz\u0161i\u0159uje na\u0161e znalosti o\u00a0biodiverzit\u011b prav\u011bk\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edtomnost takto velk\u00e9ho pred\u00e1tora nazna\u010duje existenci stabiln\u00edho a\u00a0bohat\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu s\u00a0komplexn\u00edm potravn\u00edm \u0159et\u011bzcem.<\/p>\n

Podobn\u00e9 objevy pom\u00e1haj\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm l\u00e9pe pochopit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed velk\u00fdm vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ed 66\u00a0miliony lety ukon\u010dilo vl\u00e1du dinosaur\u016f i\u00a0mnoha mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plaz\u016f.<\/p>\n

Mosasau\u0159i<\/p>\n

Mosasau\u0159i p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed vyhynulou skupinu velk\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch plaz\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili v\u00a0obdob\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddy p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 100\u00a0a\u017e 66\u00a0miliony let. Nebyli to dinosau\u0159i, ale vodn\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b\u0159i p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed varan\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Jejich t\u011blo bylo dokonale p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 \u017eivotu ve vod\u011b\u00a0\u2013 m\u011bli prot\u00e1hlou siluetu, ploutvovit\u00e9 kon\u010detiny a\u00a0siln\u00fd ocas, kter\u00fd jim umo\u017e\u0148oval rychl\u00fd pohyb. Dosahovali r\u016fzn\u00fdch velikost\u00ed a\u00a0\u017eivili se mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi obratlovci i\u00a0bezobratl\u00fdmi mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi \u017eivo\u010dichy.<\/p>\n

Rod Prognathodon pat\u0159il mezi nejrobustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mosasaury. Vyzna\u010doval se mohutn\u00fdmi zuby, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1zaly drtit tvrdou ko\u0159ist, v\u010detn\u011b lastur, kost\u00ed \u010di krun\u00fd\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n

Mexick\u00fd st\u00e1t Nuevo Le\u00f3n v\u00a0severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zem\u011b, kde byla fosilie Prognathodon cipactli nalezena.<\/p>\n

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