A former independence firebrand now warns that US pressure threatens Greenland’s future, prompting a startling shift toward Denmark as the safer protector.
NUUK, Greenland – Aqqaluk Lynge, Greenland’s foremost advocate for independence, has undergone a radical rethinking of his views.
Half a century ago, the Inuit activist and poet became one of the founders of one of the island’s largest independence parties, urging Greenlanders to break away from Denmark, which he described as exploitative colonial domination.
They must be removed. We will no longer pay for this. Suffering cannot be alleviated by consolation. Oppression is what we must fight.
– Aqqaluk Lynge
But now Greenland faces what Lynge sees as an even more serious threat: U.S. President Donald Trump, who has repeatedly pressed for control of the large Arctic island, citing national security. According to Lynge, he now believes that his homeland should remain a permanent part of the Kingdom of Denmark, which he sees as a protector against American aggression.
“We feel betrayed by the United States,” said the 78-year-old Lynge in an interview near his home outside Nuuk, from whose window you can see the icebergs drifting by the fjord nearby. “We find ourselves in a very difficult situation where the only ones who can save us now are Denmark and Europe.”
Lynge is not alone. The comments by the American leader triggered a powerful reaction that redrew Greenland’s political landscape: the rhetoric of U.S. control of the island shifted the balance of power among domestic political forces, similar to what happened in Canada during last year’s elections.
For decades, leading pro-independence parties have dominated Greenland’s politics, which is an autonomous territory of Denmark with a population of about 56,000. After the elections in March 2025, the government is led by a party that dismissed talk of independence in the near future and supports a gradual path toward possible secession. Yet even members of the government, previously sympathetic to independence, have recently changed their stance.
“Our dream is self-determination, but now we need to protect our future,” said Greenland’s Foreign Minister Múte Egede in an interview. “If the United States takes us, the dream of self-determination will disappear.”
Changes in policy and public sentiment
This occurred amid a shift in Greenland’s policy toward Denmark and NATO, as well as rising fears of possible aggression from the United States. Many businesspeople and politicians talk about the threat to stability and the economy while at the same time supporting the quest for self-determination for many years to come.
Mette Frederiksen, Denmark’s prime minister, said: “Greenland belongs to the people of Greenland, and only they should decide its future.” She added that the Danish government has apologized for colonial mistakes, including cases of contraceptive interventions in women’s bodies in the past.
“We need to have the courage to look into the past and acknowledge the mistakes of our shared history,” Frederiksen said in a statement. “That way we can preserve the close and respectful ties between the two countries in the future. Greenland and Denmark remain closely linked.”
In Washington, official circles said they were in talks with Denmark and Greenland on national security, expressing optimism about a positive development of the dialogue. The U.S. State Department stressed: “We are confident we will find a solution that protects U.S. national security, acknowledges Denmark’s and Greenland’s concerns, and substantially improves future opportunities for Greenland’s residents.”
Prime Minister Jens-Frederik Nielsen did not respond to a request for comment.
To understand the changes in Arctic policy, the agency spoke with dozens of Greenlandic politicians, officials, and residents. Many see Lynge’s shift as a symbol of how attitudes are changing across the country as a whole.
Changes in sentiment are also reflected in the political scene: Naleraq, one of the most radical pro-independence parties, has gained substantial support, notably for statements that Greenland should use the Trump crisis as an opportunity for immediate separation from Denmark. Its leader, Pele Broberg, called Denmark a “hostage” and expressed disappointment at the delays in steps toward independence.
Meanwhile, Lynge, who once sharply condemned Denmark, now sees the need for close cooperation within the framework of the Kingdom of Denmark, but his understanding of Greenland’s future remains open. His daughter, Pipaluk Lynge, who also sits in the coalition government and chairs the parliament’s committee on international relations and security, says that her father has changed his views under the influence of events in recent years.
“I think everyone understands that the world has changed, and this forces us to change our approaches, even if before we pursued more autonomy,” said Pipaluk Lynge. She also emphasizes that many in the population view these changes as a necessity to curb the dream of full independence in the short term to preserve security and stability.
Following Maduro’s operation, Prime Minister Nielsen expressed the strongest support for Denmark. “We are facing a geopolitical crisis, and if we must choose between the United States and Denmark here and now, we choose Denmark. We stand together in the Kingdom of Denmark,” he said.
Lynge welcomed the developments: “I am very happy that the government, a coalition government, has finally stated: we are part of the Danish realm. Now we understand that the only freedom we have enjoyed for the last 300 years is the freedom together with Denmark.”
Dreams of Statehood Must End
According to Lynge, changes in views do not mean a complete rejection of independence: many in the population support autonomy in the future, but security and stability take precedence today. His daughter Pipaluk emphasizes that the world has changed, so strategies must change as well, and this does not mean giving up the dream.
“Greenland cannot afford to repeat the mistakes of the past. But we will not lose hope for the future and will keep close ties with Denmark,” stresses Pipaluk Lynge.
In the end, for most Greenlanders the response to threats from the United States now lies in caution, willingness to engage in dialogue, and measured steps within the shared history with Denmark. Pessimism is mixed with the hope that mutually beneficial cooperation with Denmark and Europe can ensure stability and development of the region in the new political reality.
Ultimately, Greenland’s future depends on how well its people can reconcile their pursuit of self-determination with responsibilities for security, the economy, and international obligations. And this question will remain open for the coming years.