{"id":208502,"date":"2026-06-19T14:00:23","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T14:00:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/208502\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T14:00:23","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T14:00:23","slug":"keelemudelid-loevad-arsti-markmetest-valja-ravi-katkestamise-pohjuse-tehnika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/208502\/","title":{"rendered":"Keelemudelid loevad arsti m\u00e4rkmetest v\u00e4lja ravi katkestamise p\u00f5hjuse | Tehnika"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tartu \u00dclikooli (T\u00dc) teadlased n\u00e4itasid<\/a>, et suured keelemudelid suudavad arstide elektroonilistest m\u00e4rkmetest t\u00e4pselt tuvastada, miks patsiendid ravimite v\u00f5tmise l\u00f5petavad. Leid annab v\u00f5imaluse seni raskesti anal\u00fc\u00fcsitavat kliinilist infot terviseuuringutes kasutada.<\/p>\n

T\u00dc arvutiteaduse instituudi terviseinformaatika uurimisr\u00fchm \u00fchendas oma uues uuringus kaks andmestikku: k\u00fcmme protsenti Eesti rahvastiku retseptiandmeid (2012\u20132019) ja arstide m\u00e4rkmed. T\u00e4psemalt keskendusid nad diabeediravimitele ja kolesterooli alandavatele statiinidele.<\/p>\n

“Retseptiandmetest n\u00e4eme, et ravim on j\u00e4\u00e4nud v\u00e4lja ostmata, kuid p\u00f5hjus on sageli kirjas hoopis arsti m\u00e4rkmetes. Seni oli seda infot v\u00f5imalik kasutada vaid v\u00e4ga piiratud mahus, sest haiguslugude k\u00e4sitsi l\u00e4bit\u00f6\u00f6tamine on \u00e4\u00e4rmiselt ajamahukas,” \u00fctles Tartu \u00dclikooli terviseinformaatika nooremteadur Hendrik \u0160uvalov.<\/p>\n

Esmalt tuvastas t\u00f6\u00f6r\u00fchm patsiendid, kes olid v\u00e4hemalt \u00fche aasta jooksul j\u00e4tnud ravimi v\u00e4lja ostmata. Seej\u00e4rel kasutasid nad suuri keelemudeleid, et leida arstide m\u00e4rkmetest ravi l\u00f5petamisega seotud fraasid ja p\u00f5hjused. V\u00f5imaluse korral otsiti \u00fcles ka info, kas ravi l\u00f5petamise algatas patsient v\u00f5i arst.<\/p>\n

Suurema osa anal\u00fc\u00fcsist tegi t\u00f6\u00f6r\u00fchm keelemudeli Llama-3.1-70B kinnises keskkonnas. V\u00f5rdluseks kasutasid nad mudelit GPT-4o ainult k\u00e4sitsi \u00fcle vaadatud ja tundlikust infost puhastatud tekstiga.<\/p>\n

Meditsiinieksperdid kinnitasid, et \u00fclikooli serveris t\u00f6\u00f6tav keelemudel suutis ravimite katkestamisega seotud fraase ja p\u00f5hjuseid v\u00e4ga h\u00e4sti tuvastada. Fraaside leidmise t\u00e4psus oli 93\u201398 protsenti ja p\u00f5hjuste tuvastamine 95\u201396 protsenti.<\/p>\n

Hendrik \u0160uvalovi s\u00f5nul n\u00e4itab uuring, et terviseandmetes peitub m\u00e4rksa rohkem teavet, kui diagnoosides, laboritulemustes v\u00f5i retseptikirjetes kajastub. “Terviseandmetes on peidus ka killud sellest, kuidas ravi p\u00e4riselt kulgeb. Patsientide kogemused, k\u00f5rvaltoimed ja ravi muutmise p\u00f5hjused j\u00f5uavad sageli arsti m\u00e4rkmetesse, kuid j\u00e4\u00e4vad tavap\u00e4rastes andmeanal\u00fc\u00fcsides kasutamata,” m\u00e4rkis \u0160uvalov.<\/p>\n

Uuringust selgus, et k\u00f5ige sagedamini katkestati ravi k\u00f5rvaltoimete t\u00f5ttu. Statiinide puhul moodustasid k\u00f5rvaltoimed umbes 70 protsenti dokumenteeritud katkestamise p\u00f5hjustest ja diabeediravimite puhul ligi 45 protsenti juhtudest. Diabeediravimite kasutamise l\u00f5petamisel m\u00e4ngisid v\u00f5rreldes statiinidega suuremat rolli ka ravi ebapiisav m\u00f5ju ja vastun\u00e4idustused.<\/p>\n

Uuringu suurim v\u00e4\u00e4rtus seisneb aga meetodis, kuidas muuta keelemudelite abil seni raskesti kasutatav kliiniline vabatekst uuritavaks andmestikuks. Niisugune andmestik aitab teadlastel raviteekondi paremini tuvastada ja toetada t\u00f5endusp\u00f5histe otsuste tegemist tervisepoliitikas.<\/p>\n

T\u00dc terviseinformaatika t\u00f6\u00f6r\u00fchma liikmed Hendrik \u0160uvalov, Maria Malk ja Raivo Kolde. Autor\/allikas: Marianne Liiv<\/p>\n

Teadust\u00f6\u00f6 ilmus ajakirjas Journal of Medical Internet Research<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Tartu \u00dclikooli (T\u00dc) teadlased n\u00e4itasid, et suured keelemudelid suudavad arstide elektroonilistest m\u00e4rkmetest t\u00e4pselt tuvastada, miks patsiendid ravimite v\u00f5tmise…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":208503,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[5],"tags":[375,4604,84991,26,27,37,33,35,34,36,31,32,21,28,29,84992,18837,58331,19,13521,25,559,42234,2424,814,31849,562,6544,23,24,22,20,30],"class_list":["post-208502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-uldised-uudised","tag-ai","tag-arstid","tag-arvutiteadus","tag-breaking-news","tag-breakingnews","tag-ee","tag-eesti","tag-eesti-keel","tag-estonia","tag-estonian","tag-featured-news","tag-featurednews","tag-headlines","tag-latest-news","tag-latestnews","tag-llama","tag-llm","tag-llms","tag-news","tag-patsient","tag-populaarseimad-lood","tag-ravi","tag-suured-keelemudelid","tag-tartu-ulikool","tag-tehisaru","tag-terviseandmed","tag-tervishoid","tag-ti","tag-top-stories","tag-topstories","tag-uldised-uudised","tag-uudised","tag-viimased-uudised"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ee\/116777138977813212","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208502","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=208502"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208502\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/208503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=208502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=208502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=208502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}