{"id":47643,"date":"2025-11-21T13:59:17","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T13:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/47643\/"},"modified":"2025-11-21T13:59:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T13:59:17","slug":"laiuva-mutshellikukese-eosed-peavad-avakosmoses-pikalt-vastu-loodus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/47643\/","title":{"rendered":"Laiuva m\u00fctshellikukese eosed peavad avakosmoses pikalt vastu | Loodus"},"content":{"rendered":"

On elusolendeid, kes peavad h\u00e4sti vastu ka erakordselt rasketes tingimustes. N\u00fc\u00fcd selgub, et ilusa nimega sammaltaim laiuv m\u00fctshellikuke (Physcomitrium patens) suudab kuude kaupa lausa avakosmoses vastu pidada.<\/p>\n

Siiski mitte kogu taim oma eluts\u00fcklis, vaid ainult osa temast, eosla ehk sporangium, v\u00e4ike pruunikas pirnikujuline kehake, milles paiknevad eosed ehk spoorid.<\/p>\n

Jaapani teadlased eesotsas Tomomichi Fujitaga Sapporost Hokkaido \u00dclikoolist kirjutavad ajakirjas iScience<\/a>, et Rahvusvahelise Kosmosejaama ISS k\u00fcljes \u00fcheksa kuud avakosmoses veetnud laiuva m\u00fctshellikukese eoslates j\u00e4i enam kui 80 protsenti eostest ellu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Maale naasnult kasvasid neist enamikust edukalt ka uued laiuvad m\u00fctshellikukesed.<\/p>\n

Fujita ja ta kaaslased tulid m\u00f5ttele sambla vastupidavust kosmosetingimustes j\u00e4rele proovida, sest ka maa peal kohtab sammaltaimi v\u00e4gagi ekstreemseis paigus: kuumaveeallikate veerel ja \u00fclisoolase veega j\u00e4rvede kaldal, Himaalaja m\u00e4gedes ja Atacama k\u00f5rbes.<\/p>\n

Laiuv m\u00fctshellikuke on \u00fcks teaduslikult p\u00f5hjalikumalt uuritud lehtsammaltaimi.<\/p>\n

Esimesed katsed tegid Fujita ja ta kaaslased Maa peal, pakkudes avakosmose karme tingimusi \u2014 vaakumit, tugevat ultraviolettkiirgust ja \u00e4\u00e4rmustemperatuure \u2014 laboris.<\/p>\n

Selgus, et eoslad pidasid vastu paremini kui noortaimed v\u00f5i t\u00fcvirakud, seep\u00e4rast saadeti just need ka p\u00e4riskosmosse.<\/p>\n

Tundub, et eosla suudab eoseid \u00fclih\u00e4sti kaitsta nii UV-kiirguse kui ka muude ekstreemsuste eest. Teadlaste oletuse j\u00e4rgi v\u00f5is just eosla vastupidavus ja eoste s\u00e4ilivus aidata sammaltaimedel poole miljardi aasta eest veest maismaale tulla ja seej\u00e4rel siin l\u00e4bi k\u00f5igi suurte v\u00e4ljasuremislainete p\u00fcsima j\u00e4\u00e4da.<\/p>\n

Teadlased olid valmis selleks, et peaaegu k\u00f5ik eosed saavad avakosmoses siiski hukka, nii et enamiku elluj\u00e4\u00e4mine oli paras \u00fcllatus.<\/p>\n

Fujita ja ta kolleegide koostatud arvutusmudel rehkendas katseandmete p\u00f5hjal v\u00e4lja, et kui katse oleks j\u00e4tkunud, oleks eoseid elus p\u00fcsinud veel 15 aastat.<\/p>\n

Teadlased loodavad, et nende t\u00f6\u00f6st on kasu, kui tulevikus tahetakse proovida taimi kasvatada teistel taevakehadel, n\u00e4iteks Kuul v\u00f5i Marsil.<\/p>\n

Pildil on laiuv m\u00fctshellikuke koos pruuni eoslaga.<\/p>\n

Teadusuudised on Vikerraadios eetris esmasp\u00e4evast reedeni ca kell 8.35 ja laup\u00e4eval ca kell 8.25.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"On elusolendeid, kes peavad h\u00e4sti vastu ka erakordselt rasketes tingimustes. N\u00fc\u00fcd selgub, et ilusa nimega sammaltaim laiuv m\u00fctshellikuke…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":47644,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[23877,26,27,37,33,35,23878,23879,23880,34,36,31,32,21,287,28,29,95,19,25,23875,23,24,22,20,23876,30,92,93,94],"class_list":{"0":"post-47643","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-maailm","8":"tag-avakosmos","9":"tag-breaking-news","10":"tag-breakingnews","11":"tag-ee","12":"tag-eesti","13":"tag-eesti-keel","14":"tag-ekstremofiil","15":"tag-eosed","16":"tag-eosla","17":"tag-estonia","18":"tag-estonian","19":"tag-featured-news","20":"tag-featurednews","21":"tag-headlines","22":"tag-kosmos","23":"tag-latest-news","24":"tag-latestnews","25":"tag-maailm","26":"tag-news","27":"tag-populaarseimad-lood","28":"tag-sammal","29":"tag-top-stories","30":"tag-topstories","31":"tag-uldised-uudised","32":"tag-uudised","33":"tag-vastupidavus","34":"tag-viimased-uudised","35":"tag-world","36":"tag-world-news","37":"tag-worldnews"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@ee\/115588049327145434","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47643","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47643"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47643\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/47644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47643"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47643"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/ee\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47643"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}