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\nSaviez-vous qu\u2019il est possible de rejoindre les Etats-Unis depuis la Russie \u00e0 la nage\u00a0? Et inversement. C\u2019est d\u2019ailleurs ce qu\u2019ont fait plusieurs sportifs. Quelque 3\u00a0kilom\u00e8tres seulement s\u00e9parent l\u2019\u00eele de la Petite Diom\u00e8de (Etats-Unis) de celle de la Grande Diom\u00e8de (Russie), dans le d\u00e9troit de B\u00e9ring. Ce passage maritime, entre l\u2019extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 nord-est de la Russie et la c\u00f4te ouest de l\u2019Alaska, doit son nom \u00e0 Vitus B\u00e9ring, navigateur danois au service de la marine russe, qui l\u2019a travers\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 1728. La carte du monde en deux dimensions telle qu\u2019elle nous est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e la plupart du temps \u2013\u00a0\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole, dans nos agendas ou nos moteurs de recherche\u00a0\u2013 ne rend pas justice \u00e0 cette proximit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique. Pourtant, les deux puissances ennemies sont bien voisines. A tel point qu\u2019avant d\u2019\u00eatre am\u00e9ricain, l\u2019Alaska \u00e9tait russe. Et qu\u2019il a \u00e9t\u00e9 purement et simplement vendu en\u00a01867.<\/p>\n
\nVers la fin du XVIIIe\u00a0si\u00e8cle, le vaste territoire glac\u00e9 est habit\u00e9 par des populations am\u00e9rindiennes lorsqu\u2019un navigateur et marchand originaire de Rylsk, Grigori Chelikhov, y \u00e9tablit le premier comptoir russe de la r\u00e9gion. Pour s\u2019installer, il organise l\u2019an\u00e9antissement de milliers d\u2019autochtones. Ayant fait place nette, Grigori Chelikhov impose une colonie permanente sur l\u2019\u00eele c\u00f4ti\u00e8re de Kodiak. Ce qui attire les Russes dans ce d\u00e9sert blanc\u00a0? D\u2019\u2026<\/p>\n
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